TY  - JOUR
A1  - Serafin, Stefano
A1  - Adler, Bianca
A1  - Cuxart, Joan
A1  - De Wekker, Stephan F. J.
A1  - Gohm, Alexander
A1  - Grisogono, Branko
A1  - Kalthoff, Norbert
A1  - Kirshbaum, Daniel J.
A1  - Rotach, Mathias
A1  - Schmidli, Jürg
A1  - Stiperski, Ivana
A1  - Večenaj, Željko
A1  - Zardi, Dino
T1  - Exchange processes in the atmospheric boundary layer over mountainous terrain
T2  - Atmosphere
N2  - The exchange of heat, momentum, and mass in the atmosphere over mountainous terrain is controlled by synoptic-scale dynamics, thermally driven mesoscale circulations, and turbulence. This article reviews the key challenges relevant to the understanding of exchange processes in the mountain boundary layer and outlines possible research priorities for the future. The review describes the limitations of the experimental study of turbulent exchange over complex terrain, the impact of slope and valley breezes on the structure of the convective boundary layer, and the role of intermittent mixing and wave–turbulence interaction in the stable boundary layer. The interplay between exchange processes at different spatial scales is discussed in depth, emphasizing the role of elevated and ground-based stable layers in controlling multi-scale interactions in the atmosphere over and near mountains. Implications of the current understanding of exchange processes over mountains towards the improvement of numerical weather prediction and climate models are discussed, considering in particular the representation of surface boundary conditions, the parameterization of sub-grid-scale exchange, and the development of stochastic perturbation schemes.
KW  - mountain meteorology
KW  - valley winds
KW  - slope winds
KW  - mixing height
KW  - high-resolution atmospheric modelling
KW  - parameterization
KW  - multiscale interactions
Y1  - 2018
UR  - http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/51473
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-514737
SN  - 2073-4433
N1  - This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
VL  - 9
IS  - 3, Art. 102
SP  - 1
EP  - 32
PB  - MDPI AG
CY  - Basel, Switzerland
ER  -