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Mechanisms behind temsirolimus resistance causing reactivated growth and invasive behavior of bladder cancer cells in vitro

  • Background: Although mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, such as temsirolimus, show promise in treating bladder cancer, acquired resistance often hampers efficacy. This study evaluates mechanisms leading to resistance. Methods: Cell growth, proliferation, cell cycle phases, and cell cycle regulating proteins were compared in temsirolimus resistant (res) and sensitive (parental—par) RT112 and UMUC3 bladder cancer cells. To evaluate invasive behavior, adhesion to vascular endothelium or to immobilized extracellular matrix proteins and chemotactic activity were examined. Integrin α and β subtypes were analyzed and blocking was done to evaluate physiologic integrin relevance. Results: Growth of RT112res could no longer be restrained by temsirolimus and was even enhanced in UMUC3res, accompanied by accumulation in the S- and G2/M-phase. Proteins of the cdk-cyclin and Akt-mTOR axis increased, whereas p19, p27, p53, and p73 decreased in resistant cells treated with low-dosed temsirolimus. Chemotactic activity of RT112res/UMUC3res was elevated following temsirolimus re-exposure, along with significant integrin α2, α3, and β1 alterations. Blocking revealed a functional switch of the integrins, driving the resistant cells from being adhesive to being highly motile. Conclusion: Temsirolimus resistance is associated with reactivation of bladder cancer growth and invasive behavior. The α2, α3, and β1 integrins could be attractive treatment targets to hinder temsirolimus resistance.

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Author:Eva JüngelORCiDGND, Iyad Y. M. Natsheh, Ramin Najafi, Jochen RutzGND, Igor TsaurORCiDGND, Axel HaferkampGND, Felix ChunORCiDGND, Roman A. BlahetaORCiD
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-515058
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11060777
ISSN:2072-6694
Pubmed Id:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31167517
Parent Title (English):Cancers
Publisher:MDPI
Place of publication:Basel
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Year of Completion:2019
Date of first Publication:2019/06/04
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2019/11/04
Tag:bladder cancer; growth; integrins; invasion; mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR); temsirolimus-resistance
Volume:11
Issue:6, Art. 777
Page Number:22
First Page:1
Last Page:22
Note:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
HeBIS-PPN:455328307
Institutes:Medizin / Medizin
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung 4.0