Kinetics of renal function during induction in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results of two prospective studies by the German Myeloma Study Group DSMM

  • Simple Summary: Renal insufficiency is frequently seen in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and can be due to the disease itself but also caused by medical interventions or infections. Patients with severe renal insufficiency are known to have an adverse prognosis, but recently, it was shown that even moderately impaired kidney function can have long-term sequelae. Achieving quick disease control by effective antimyeloma therapy can lead to the recovery of renal function. We investigated the kidney-specific variables in a large cohort of 770 myeloma patients receiving three different three-drug regimens for initial myeloma treatment to learn more about the differential effects on kidney function in an early disease phase. All regimens had a positive impact on kidney function without a difference in the proportion of patients who reached normal renal function after three cycles. Interestingly, patients who received bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone tended to have higher risk for a worse renal function following induction when compared to the initial values. Abstract: Background: Preservation of kidney function in newly diagnosed (ND) multiple myeloma (MM) helps to prevent excess toxicity. Patients (pts) from two prospective trials were analyzed, provided postinduction (PInd) restaging was performed. Pts received three cycles with bortezomib (btz), cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (dex; VCD) or btz, lenalidomide (len), and dex (VRd) or len, adriamycin, and dex (RAD). The minimum required estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was >30 mL/min. We analyzed the percent change of the renal function using the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO)-defined categories. Results: Seven hundred and seventy-two patients were eligible. Three hundred and fifty-six received VCD, 214 VRd, and 202 RAD. VCD patients had the best baseline eGFR. The proportion of pts with eGFR <45 mL/min decreased from 7.3% at baseline to 1.9% PInd (p < 0.0001). Thirty-seven point one percent of VCD versus 49% of VRd patients had a decrease of GFR (p = 0.0872). IMWG-defined “renal complete response (CRrenal)” was achieved in 17/25 (68%) pts after VCD, 12/19 (63%) after RAD, and 14/27 (52%) after VRd (p = 0.4747). Conclusions: Analyzing a large and representative newly diagnosed myeloma (NDMM) group, we found no difference in CRrenal that occurred independently from the myeloma response across the three regimens. A trend towards deterioration of the renal function with VRd versus VCD may be explained by a better pretreatment “renal fitness” in the latter group.

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Author:Friederike Bachmann, Martin SchrederORCiD, Monika Engelhardt, Christian Langer, Denise Wolleschak, Lars-Olof Mügge, Heinz Dürk, Kerstin Schäfer-Eckart, Igor-Wolfgang Blau, Martin Gramatzki, Peter Liebisch, Matthias Grube, Ivana von Metzler, Florian BassermannORCiDGND, Bernd MetznerORCiDGND, Christoph Röllig, Bernd Hertenstein, Cyrus Khandanpour, Tobias Dechow, Holger Hebart, Wolfram Jung, Sebastian Theurich, Georg Maschmeyer, Hans Salwender, Georg Hess, Max BittrichORCiDGND, Leo Rasche, Annamaria Brioli, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Christian Straka, Swantje Held, Hermann EinseleORCiDGND, Stefan KnopORCiDGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-621421
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13061322
ISSN:2072-6694
Parent Title (English):Cancers
Publisher:MDPI
Place of publication:Basel
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2021/03/16
Date of first Publication:2021/03/16
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2021/10/19
Tag:bortezomib; induction regimen; kidney; lenalidomide; multiple myeloma; renal failure
Volume:13
Issue:6, art. 1322
Page Number:13
First Page:1
Last Page:13
Note:
This research was funded by Wilhelm Sander Stiftung, grant number 2013.900.2, to S.K. and H.E.
HeBIS-PPN:48789457X
Institutes:Medizin
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung 4.0