Noninvasive screening identifies patients at risk for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by multidrug-resistant organisms

  • Background and aims: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a severe complication of decompensated cirrhosis. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in patients with cirrhosis is increasing. Identification of patients at risk for SBP due to MDROs (ie, SBP with the evidence of MDROs or Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in ascitic culture, MDRO-SBP) is crucial to the early adaptation of antibiotic treatment in such patients. We therefore investigated whether MDROs found in ascitic cultures can also be found in specimens determined by noninvasive screening procedures. Patients and methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the liver center of the University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany. Between 2011 and 2016, patients with cirrhosis were included upon diagnosis of SBP and sample collection of aerobic/anaerobic ascitic cultures. Furthermore, the performance of at least one complete MDRO screening was mandatory for study inclusion. Results: Of 133 patients diagnosed with SBP, 75 (56.4%) had culture-positive SBP and 22 (16.5%) had MDRO-SBP. Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli (10/22; 45.5%) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (7/22; 36.4%) resembled the major causatives of MDRO-SBP. Rectal swabs identified MDROs in 17 of 22 patients (77.3%) who developed MDRO-SBP with a time-dependent sensitivity of 77% and 87% after 30 and 90 days upon testing, while negative predictive value was 83% and 76%, respectively. The majority of patients were included from intensive care unit or intermediate care unit. Conclusion: MDRO screening may serve as a noninvasive diagnostic tool to identify patients at risk for MDRO-SBP. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis should be screened for MDROs from the first day of inpatient treatment onward.
Metadaten
Author:Philip FerstlORCiDGND, Mona Müller, Natalie FilmannORCiDGND, Michael HogardtORCiDGND, Volkhard A. J. KempfORCiDGND, Thomas Alexander WichelhausORCiD, Christian LangeGND, Johannes VermehrenGND, Stefan ZeuzemORCiDGND, Claudia ReinheimerGND, Oliver WaidmannORCiDGND
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-484955
DOI:https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S172587
ISSN:1178-6973
Pubmed Id:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30464547
Parent Title (English):Infection and drug resistance
Publisher:Dove Medical Press
Place of publication:Albany, Auckland
Contributor(s):Joachim Wink
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Year of Completion:2018
Date of first Publication:2018/11/02
Publishing Institution:Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg
Release Date:2018/12/13
Tag:antibiotic therapy; ascites; liver cirrhosis; multidrug resistance; screening routine
Volume:11
Page Number:15
First Page:2047
Last Page:2061
Note:
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HeBIS-PPN:446479772
Institutes:Medizin / Medizin
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Sammlungen:Universitätspublikationen
Open-Access-Publikationsfonds:Medizin
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - Namensnennung-Nicht kommerziell 3.0