Filtern
Dokumenttyp
Volltext vorhanden
- ja (5)
Gehört zur Bibliographie
- nein (5)
Schlagworte
- Ackerunkrautgesellschaft (1)
- Community ecology (1)
- Ecological networks (1)
- Ecology (1)
- Ecosystem ecology (1)
- Kraichgau (1)
- Unkrautbekämpfung (1)
Vier Acker-Unkrautgemeinschaften werden aus dem Naturraum Kraichgau beschrieben, einer trocken-warmen Löß-Hügellandschaft in Südwest-Deutschland. Die Beziehung zwischen Acker-Unkrautbeständen und landwirtschaftlicher Produktionsintensität wird über „autökologische Bautypen" (z.B. Lebensformen und Wuchsformen) analysiert. Der Therophyten-Anteil und der Anteil kleinwüchsiger Arten geht mit steigendem Herbizideinsatz zurück, während relativ dazu Geophyten mit unterirdischen Ausläufern zunehmen.
The effect-response framework states that plant functional traits link the abiotic environment to ecosystem functioning. One ecosystem property is the body size of the animals living in the system, which is assumed to depend on temperature or resource availability, among others. For primary consumers, resource availability may directly be related to plant traits, while for secondary consumers the relationship is indirect. We used plant traits to describe resource availability along an elevational gradient on Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Using structural equation models, we determined the response of plant traits to changes in precipitation, temperature and disturbance with and assessed whether abiotic conditions or community-weighted means of plant traits are stronger predictors of the mean size of bees, moths, frugivorous birds, and insectivorous birds. Traits indicating tissue density and nutrient content strongly responded to variations in precipitation, temperature and disturbance. They had direct effects on pollination and fruit traits. However, the average body sizes of the animal groups considered could only be explained by temperature and habitat structure, not by plant traits. Our results demonstrate a strong link between traits and the abiotic environment, but suggest that temperature is the most relevant predictor of mean animal body size. Community-weighted means of plant traits and body sizes appear unsuitable to capture the complexity of plant-animal interactions.
The German Working Group on Vegetation Databanks has held annual meetings since 2002 with financial support by the German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ca. 215 members are regularly informed through a mailing-list. The 2008 meeting was hosted by University of Oldenburg’s Landscape Ecology Group and was attended by 72 participants from 15 countries. Software demonstrations of vegetation databanks Turboveg and VegetWeb as well as plant trait databanks LEDA and BiolFlor opened the workshop. There were lecture sessions on trait databanks, recalibration of ecological indicator values and new developments in the field of vegetation databanks. Working groups were devoted to an initiative to build a meta-databank of existing vegetation databanks in Germany and to mathematical modelling of species habitats. In 2009 the 8th workshop will be held on "Vegetation Databanks and Biodindication" at the University of Greifswald.
Die Arbeitsgruppe Vegetationsdatenbanken trifft sich seit 2002 jährlich zu bundesweiten, vom Bundesamt für Naturschutz geförderten Workshops. Über einen E-Mail-Verteiler, der derzeit 215 Adressen in Deutschland und angrenzenden Ländern umfasst, wird regelmäßig über einschlägige Aktivitäten informiert - Bitten um Aufnahme in den Verteiler sind per E-Mail an J. Ewald zu richten.
Das 7. Arbeitstreffen fand vom 5.-7. März 2008 auf Einladung von Cord Peppler-Lisbach und Michael Kleyer an der Universität Oldenburg, Arbeitsgruppe Landschaftsökologie, statt, und wurde von 72 Teilnehmerinnen besucht. Da fast die Hälfte der Teilnehmer aus dem Ausland anreiste, fand die Tagung in englischer Sprache statt. Insgesamt waren 15 Nationen vertreten, neben europäischen Ländern wie Tschechien, Ungarn, den Niederlanden und Frankreich auch die USA und Japan.
Ein Novum war, dass die Floristisch-soziologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft sich an der Finanzierung der Organisationskosten beteiligte.
Species’ functional traits set the blueprint for pair-wise interactions in ecological networks. Yet, it is unknown to what extent the functional diversity of plant and animal communities controls network assembly along environmental gradients in real-world ecosystems. Here we address this question with a unique dataset of mutualistic bird–fruit, bird–flower and insect–flower interaction networks and associated functional traits of 200 plant and 282 animal species sampled along broad climate and land-use gradients on Mt. Kilimanjaro. We show that plant functional diversity is mainly limited by precipitation, while animal functional diversity is primarily limited by temperature. Furthermore, shifts in plant and animal functional diversity along the elevational gradient control the niche breadth and partitioning of the respective other trophic level. These findings reveal that climatic constraints on the functional diversity of either plants or animals determine the relative importance of bottom-up and top-down control in plant–animal interaction networks.