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The Kinase Chemogenomic Set (KCGS): An open science resource for kinase vulnerability identification
(2019)
We describe the assembly and annotation of a chemogenomic set of protein kinase inhibitors as an open science resource for studying kinase biology. The set only includes inhibitors that show potent kinase inhibition and a narrow spectrum of activity when screened across a large panel of kinase biochemical assays. Currently, the set contains 187 inhibitors that cover 215 human kinases. The kinase chemogenomic set (KCGS) is the most highly annotated set of selective kinase inhibitors available to researchers for use in cell-based screens.
Lipid acquisition and transport are fundamental processes in all organisms, but many of the key players remain unidentified. Here, we elucidate the lipid-cycling mechanism of the Mycoplasma pneumoniae membrane protein P116. We show that P116 not only extracts lipids from its environment but also self-sufficiently deposits them into both bacterial and eukaryotic cell membranes as well as liposomes. Our structures and molecular dynamics simulation show that the N-terminal region of P116, which resembles an SMP domain, is responsible for perturbing the membrane, while a hydrophobic pocket exploits the chemical gradient to collect the lipids and the protein’s dorsal side acts as a mediator of membrane directionality. Furthermore, ligand binding and growth curve assays suggest the potential for designing small molecule inhibitors targeting this essential and immunodominant protein. We show that P116 is a versatile lipid acquisition and delivery machinery that shortcuts the multi-protein pathways used by more complex organisms. Thus, our work advances the understanding of common lipid transport strategies, which may aid research into the mechanisms of more complex lipid-handling machineries.