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This article raises a number of questions that should be dealt with in drawing up a lexicographic plan for Gabon. For which of the Gabonese languages should lexicographic units be established? This question entrains the issue of inventorying the Gabonese languages and their standardization as well as the issue of language planning for Gabon. What is the status of those foreign languages widely spoken in Gabon? What about French? Should Gabon keep importing its French dictionaries from France, or should the Gabonese compile their own French dictionaries, including French words and expressions exclusively used in Gabon? Finally, after trying to answer these questions, a number of suggestions are made for the establishment of a lexicographic plan for Gabon.
The main goal of this article is to define the problem of vowel duration in Civili (H12a). It shows that the so-called Civili vowel-length desperately needs to be re-examined, because previous works on the sound system of this language hardly explain a number of phonological phenomena, such as vowel lengthening, on the basis of data at hand. Demonstrating the problem in question, the author first reviews previous works that all identify a vowel lengthening in Civili. From different analyses the complexity of the phenomenon is found out by observing differences from an analysis to another, and by regarding difficulties the different phonologists came up against. Then, the problem is also seen through the weakness of each analysis results. This eventually shows more aspects of the vowel duration issue, and leads the author to make a clear distinction between vowel length and vowel lengthening that can be all regarded as only vowel duration. Finally, the article shares a possible way for a solution through an experimental approach of the Civili sound system.
De nombreux auteurs ont plaidé aussi bien pour une intégration des langues locales gabonaises dans le système éducatif que pour une éducation multilingue au Gabon. Cependant, la politique linguistique du Gabon, quasiment inexistante, et son corollaire dans l’enseignement ne font aucune mention de ces langues locales, dites langues maternelles, reléguées aux activités religieuses et ethno-culturelles. Le but de cet article est de faire l’état des lieux de la politique linguistique dans le système éducatif gabonais. Il analyse successivement (i) la politique linguistique du Gabon, (ii) le paysage linguistique gabonais et (iii) le statut des langues de ce paysage dans le système éducatif. La présente communication suggère fortement la mise en place d’une planification linguistique qui va déterminer à la fois la politique linguistique et l’usage des langues dans le système éducatif.
