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Taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography of the genus Asydates Casey (Insecta: Coleoptera: Melyridae)
(2001)
The genus Asydates Casey (Coleoptera: Melyridae) is revised, containing three species from Arizona and California: A. explanatus Casey; A. inyoensis (Blaisdell), new combination; and A. rufiuentris Casey. The monotypic genus Pseudasydates Blaisdell is placed in synonymy with Asydates Casey, syn. nov., and Asydates puncticeps Blaisdell is placed in synonymy with Asydates explanatus Casey, syn. nov. A key separating adults of Asydates species is provided, and the results of a computerized cladistic analysis of Asydates species are presented. GIS mapping of Asydates species distributions indicates that these species are nearly allopatric, with A. explanatus found in the lower Colorado River basin and adjacent deserts, A. inyoensis restricted to the Inyo and White Mountains, and A. rufiuentris found in the coastal plain and coastal mountains near Santa Barbara. Geographic hypotheses of character evolution within Asydates are developed by combining the results of cladistic analysis and GIS mapping.
A new key is presented to separate adults of the four currently-recognized species of the genus Cradytes Casey (Insecta: Coleoptera: Melyridae): C. longicollis Casey, C. serricollis (LeConte), C. serrulatus . (LeConte), and C. ursinus Blaisdell. The inaccurate statements in an earlier key to species of Cradytes are discussed.
The recently rediscovered female holotype of Xylocopa coronata Smith, 1860, (Hymenoptera: Apidae) collected by Alfred Russel Wallace at the type locality of “Kaisaa” (= modern-day Kaioa, Maluku, Indonesia) is illustrated for the first time. Dorsal and lateral images of males and females of X. coronata and a map showing the known distribution of the species are provided. Females of this species exhibit geographic color variation in dorsal pubescence patterns and wing iridescence. At the present time, two subspecies are recognized: X. coronata combinata Ritsema from the island of Obi, Maluku, Indonesia, and X. coronata coronata Smith from additional islands (Bacan, Halmahera, Kaioa, Obi, Ternate, and Tidore) in the Maluku archipelago, Indonesia.
Previously unpublished museum specimen records are presented for 23 species of the genus Xylocopa Latreille (Hymenoptera: Apidae) collected in portions of the countries of Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela within the Amazon River basin of South America. Dichotomous keys and dorsal habitus photographs are provided for the identification of females of the 13 species of Xylocopa subgenus Neoxylocopa Michener, and females of the 10 species of Xylocopa subgenus Schonnherria Lepeletier, that have been recorded to date from the Amazon River basin.