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Se presenta un resumen del estado actual de investigaciones sobre líquenes foliícolas en la región Neotrópica. Historicamente, se puede hacer una división en (1) el período inicial, dominado por las obras de J. Müller Argoviensis, (2) la monografía de R. Santesson, (3) la fase brasileña, caracterizada por el micólogo Brasileño A. C. Batista y sus colaboradores, y (4) el período moderno, con estudios detallados monográficos y florísticos y un creciente interés en la ecología de líquenes foliícolas. Actualmente tenemos un conocimiento -taxonómico y sistemático relativamente bueno en la mayoría de los grupos, aunque nuevas espécies son descritas continuamente y algunas familias y géneros necesitan revisiones. Información florística detallada existe solamente de pocas regiones, y por esa razon los datos biogeográficos quedan incompletos y controversos. Estudios ecológicos modernos fueron realizados en varias ocasiones, pero falta verificar los resultados por estudios extensivas en otras regiones dentro y fuera del Neotrópico. Investigaciones preliminares demuestran que los líquenes foliícolas pueden ser usados como bioindicadores en diferentes formas. Biogeograficamente, la región Neotrópica esta caracterizada por un alto número de espécies exclusivos y por su afinidad con África tropical. Debido a la amplia distribución de muchos taxa y al déficit del conocimiento florístico, las subdivisiones biogeográficas dentro del Neotrópico, establecidas con patrones de distribución de plantas superiores, solo en pocos casos son apoyadas por la distribución de líquenes foliícolas.
This further contribution to the knowledge of the foliicolous lichen flora of Costa Rica provides a detailed account on the genus Fellhanera. In total, 25 species and five undescribed taxa are treated. Ten species are described as new: Fellhanera angustispora sp.n., F. dictyospora sp.n., F. dispersa sp.n., F. emarginata sp.n., F. pilomarginata sp.n., F. longispora sp.n., F. muhlei sp.n., F. montana sp.n., F. verrucifera sp.n., and F. viridis sp.n. New combinations are F. pauciseptata (R. Sant.) R. Lücking comb.n. [Bas.: Bacidia pauciseptata R. Sant.] and F. rubida (Müll. Arg.) R. Lücking comb.n. [Bas.: Patellaria rubida Müll. Arg.]. F. dominicana (Vain.) Vezda is placed into synonymy with F. fuscatula (Müll. Arg.) Vezda, whose type has 7-septate ascospores, and the name F. subfuscatula R. Lücking sp.n. is introduced for the taxon with 5-septate ascospores formerly known as F. fuscatula. F. misionensis Ferraro & R. Lücking ined. and F. sublecanorina (Nyl.) Vezda are reported for the first time from Costa Rica. The formerly invalidly published names F. farinosa nom. nud. and F. pilosa nom. nud. are considered to be synonyms of F. fuscatula (Müll. Arg.) Vezda and F. rhapidophylli (Rehm) Vezda, respectively. Specimens identified as F. tuckeri nom. nud. belong to F. rhapidophylli as well. F. buxi is excluded from the foliicolous lichen flora of Costa Rica. A keys is provided to the complex group of species of Fellhanera with brownish apothecia and 3-septate ascospores. Infrageneric relationships within Fellhanera are briefly discussed, and notes on the ecology of the species are provided.
A total of 233 foliicolous lichen species and 18 lichenicolous fungi are reported from Guyana as a result of the Smithsonian „International Cryptogamic Expedition to Guyana“ 1996. Three lichens and two lichenicolous fungi are new to science: Arthonia grubei sp.n., Badimia subelegans sp.n., Calopadia pauciseptata sp.n., Opegrapha matzeri sp.n. (lichenicolous on Amazonomyces sprucei), and Pyrenidium santessonii sp.n. (lichenicolous on Bacidia psychotriae). The new combination Strigula janeirensis (Bas.: Phylloporina janeirensis; syn.: Raciborskiella janeirensis) is proposed. Apart from Amazonomyces sprucei and Bacidia psychotriae, Arthonia lecythidicola (with the lichenicolous A. pseudopegraphina) and Byssolecania deplanata (with the lichenicolous Opegrapha cf. kalbii) are reported as new hosts for lichenicolous fungi. Arthonia pseudopegraphina growing on A. lecythidicola is the first known case of adelphoparasitism at generic level in foliicolous Arthonia. Arthonia flavoverrucosa, Badimia polillensis, and Byssoloma vezdanum are new records for the Neotropics, and 115 species are new for Guyana, resulting in a total of c. 280 genuine foliicolous species reported for that country, while Porina applanata and P. verruculosa are excluded from its flora. The foliicolous lichen flora of Guyana is representative for the Guianas (Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana) and has great affinities with the Amazon region, while the degree of endemism is low. A characteristic species for this area is Amazonomyces sprucei. Species composition is typical of Neotropical lowland to submontane humid forests, with a dominance of the genera Porina, Strigula, and Mazosia. The table mountain vegetation supports elements of the upper montane forest, such as Echinoplaca fusconitida and Logilvia gilva. Foliicolous lichen diversity is highest in undisturbed lowland to submontane humid forest, much lower in the table mountain vegetation and drastically decreased in semi-open secondary vegetation and the coastal savanna. Species composition in semi-open, disturbed vegetation is similar to that found in the undisturbed forest canopy. Site preferences of foliicolous lichens follow those established by studies in other Neotropical regions like Costa Rica.
En este trabajo, los autores actualizan el conocimiento taxonómico y florístico de hongos liquenizados foliícolas para el norte de Argentina y áreas adjacentes en Paraguay y el sur de Brasil. Se agregan 27 taxones novedosos, y se mencionan por primera vez para Argentina los géneros Phyllobathelium y Psorotheciopsis. Además, se propone la nueva combinación Gyalectidium catenulatum [Tauromyces catenulatus].
The lichen-forming genus Pertusaria under its current circumscription is polyphyletic and its phylogenetic affiliations are uncertain. Here we study the species of the genera Pertusaria and Varicellaria which containlecanoric acid as major constituent, have disciform apothecia, strongly amyloid asci, non-amyloid hymenial gel, 1-2-spored asci, and 1- or 2-celled ascospores with thick, 1-layered walls. We infer phylogenetic relationships using maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses based on four molecular loci (mtSSU, nuLSU rDNA, and the protein-coding, nuclear RPB1 and MCM7 genes). Our results show that the lecanoric acid-containing species form a well-supported, monophyletic group, which is only distantly related to Pertusaria s.str. The phylogenetic position of this clade is unclear, but placement in Pertusaria s.str. is rejected using alternative hypothesis testing. The circumscription of the genus Varicellaria is enlarged to also include species with non-septate ascospores. Seven species are accepted in the genus: Varicellaria culbersonii (Vězda) Schmitt & Lumbsch, comb. nov., Varicellaria hemisphaerica (Flörke) Schmitt & Lumbsch, comb. nov., Varicellaria kasandjeffii (Szatala) Schmitt & Lumbsch, comb. nov., Varicellaria lactea (L.) Schmitt & Lumbsch, comb. nov., Varicellaria philippina (Vain.) Schmitt & Lumbsch, comb. nov., Varicellaria rhodocarpa (Körb.) Th. Fr., and Varicellaria velata (Turner) Schmitt & Lumbsch, comb. nov. A key to the species of Varicellaria is provided.
The Kinase Chemogenomic Set (KCGS): an open science resource for kinase vulnerability identification
(2021)
We describe the assembly and annotation of a chemogenomic set of protein kinase inhibitors as an open science resource for studying kinase biology. The set only includes inhibitors that show potent kinase inhibition and a narrow spectrum of activity when screened across a large panel of kinase biochemical assays. Currently, the set contains 187 inhibitors that cover 215 human kinases. The kinase chemogenomic set (KCGS), current Version 1.0, is the most highly annotated set of selective kinase inhibitors available to researchers for use in cell-based screens.
