Basing on an evaluation of the literature and some unpublished collections, 745 taxa of lichen forming-fungi are reported from the Venezuelan Andes, including 10 infraspecific taxa. Of these taxa 37 are new records for Venezuela: Actinoplaca vulgaris (Müll. Arg.) Vezda & Poelt, Asterothyrium decipiens (Rehm) R. Sant., Calopadia foliicola (Fée) Vezda, C. fusca (Müll. Arg.) Vezda, C. phyllogena (Müll. Arg.) Vezda, Chrysothrix chlorina (Ach.) J. R. Laundon, Cystocoleus ebeneus (Dillwyn) Thwaites, Diploschistes scruposus (Schreb.) Norm., Echinoplacaleucotrichoides (Vain.) R. Sant., Fellhanerabouteillei (Desm.) Vezda, F.dominicana (Vain.) Vezda, F. fuscatula (Müll. Arg.) Vezda, F. sublecanorina (Nyl.) Vezda, Gyalectidium filicinum Müll. Arg., Lecidea limosa Ach., Lepraria neglecta Auct., Ochrolechia africana Vain., Peltigera vainioi Gyelnik, Phyllobathelium nigrum R. Sant. & Tibell, Phyllophialealba R. Sant., Polymeridiumalbidum (Müll. Arg.) R. C. Harris, Porina epiphylla (Fée) Fée, Racodium rupestre Pers., Ramalina asahinae W. Culb. & C. Culb., R. calcarata Krog & Swinsc., R. puiggarii Müll Arg., R. rectangularis Nyl., Rhizoplaca melanophthalma (DC.) Leuckert & Poelt, Strigula antillarum (Fée) Müll. Arg., S. platypoda (Müll. Arg.) R. C. Harris, Tapellaria epiphylla (Müll. Arg.) R. Sant., T.nana (Fée) R. Sant., Tephromela aglaea (Sommerf.) Hertel & Rambold, Tricharia vainioi R. Sant., Trichothelium epiphyllum Müll. Arg., T. bipindense F. Schill. and Vezdaea foliicola Sérusiaux. Another 4 species are new records only for the Venezuelan Andes: Dimerellaepiphylla (Müll. Arg.) Malme, Porinaatrocoerulea Müll. Arg., Ramalina peruviana Ach. and Woessia apiahica (Müll. Arg.) Sérus. A list of synonyms used in the consulted literature is added. Four new combinations are proposed: Dictyonema zahlbruckneri (Schiffn.) V. Marcano, Heterodermia tropica (Kurok.) Sipman, Parmelinopsis cleefii (Sipman) V. Marcano & Sipman and Phyllobaeislinearis (De Vries) V. Marcano & Sipman.
En Venezuela se hallan presentes tres especies de Leprocaulon Nyl. ex Lamy: L. microscopicum (Vill.) Gams ex D. Hawksw. (Andes; nueva para Venezuela), L. arbuscula (Nyl.) Nyl. (nuevo registro para el Amazonas; Andes) y L. congestum (Nyl.) Lamb & Ward (Andes). Una atención especial se ofrece a la morfología y sobre todo a la química secundaria de cada una de las especies. Se excluyen de la flora de Venezuela dos especies de Leprocaulon registradas con anterioridad: L. gracilescens (Nyl.) I. M. Lamb & A. Ward se reduce a una raza química de L. albicans (Th. Fr.) Nyl. ex Hue., y L. pseudoarbuscula (Asah.) I. M. Lamb. & A. Ward se reduce a una raza química de L. arbuscula.
Nine species of the genus Coccocarpia are reported from Venezuela, including two new species from the states Mérida and Amazonas. These species are: C. culatensis sp. nov. (Andes), C. domingensis Vain., C. duidensis sp. nov. (Amazonas), C. epiphylla (Fée) Krempelh., C. erythrocardia (Müll. Arg.) L. Arvidss., C. erythroxyli (Spreng.) Swinsc. & Krog, C. imbricascens Nyl., C. palmicola (Spreng.) L. Arvidss. & D. Gall. and C. pellita (Ach.) Müll. Arg. emend. R. Sant. Descriptions, a key and comments on distribution and ecology are presented.
The species Pseudohepatica duidensis Marcano, Palacios & Morales is described from the Venezuelan Amazonas. Special attention has been paid to the morphology and the chemistry (e.g. polysaccharides and secondary compounds), using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thin-layer chromatography (TLC, HPTLC) and iodine reagent tests. Pseudohepatica duidensis is characterized by a very small (to 1 mm long), yellowish-green thallus, non-pored epicortex, yellowish lower surface with soredial protuberances, paraplectenchymatous upper cortex consisting of strongly sclerotic cells, cell walls with iodine reactions characteristic of lichenan and gyrophoric acid as relevant chemical constituent.
