Tropical Bryology, Volume 13 (1997)
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The genus Pyrrhobryum is represented by 2 species in Argentina: P. mnioides (Hook.) Manuel and P. spiniforme (Hedw.) Mitt. Pyrrhobryum mnioides is known from Tierra del Fuego to Río Negro and P. spiniforme from northeastern Argentina, in Misiones. The latter is recorded for the first time from northwestern Argentina. Ecological notes and specific macroscopic characters are included. A key for the identification of Argentinian species of Pyrrhobryum is provided.
New or little known epiphyllous liverworts : 6., Papillolejeunea gen. nov. from Papua New Guinea
(1997)
A new epiphyllous Lejeuneaceae genus, Papillolejeunea is described. It is a segregate of Lejeunea, characterized by a large, 2-4 celled, stout, papilla like first (distal) tooth on a well developed, inflated lobule, while the second (proximal) tooth is reduced, blunt, hidden with the usually involuted free lobule margin. Four new species are described within the genus. One, Papillolejeunea balazsii, forms the Section nov. Papillolejeunea and the type of the genus, characterized by large number of serially arranged mucilage cells on the dorsal surface and margin of the lobe, at the margin of amphigastria and on the perianth keels. Three further species, Papillolejeunea candida, Papillolejeunea papuana and Papillolejeunea touwii constitute the Section nov. Candidae, where no such dorsal and marginal glands occur. The distribution of the genus seems to be restricted to the mountainous area of New Guinea.
Of the three species of Acanthorrhynchium reported for Africa in a recent checklist, all prove to be the same as the widespread Asian species, Acanthorrhynchium papillatum (Harvey) Fleisch.: this is the first report of this taxon for Africa. Acanthorrhynchium decolor (Besch.) Fleisch. and A. loucoubense (Besch.) Fleisch. are made new synonyms of A. papillatum. Acanthorrhynchium serratum (Ren. & Card.) Fleisch. had already been made a synonym of A. loucoubense (as Taxithelium loucoubense) before Fleischer moved it into the genus Acanthorrhynchium.
Based on a recent moss checklist of sub-Saharan Africa, an analysis is made of moss diversity and endemism in the area. There are over 3000 taxa, 77% of which are endemic. Figures for diversity and endemism for each country are listed, mapped and graphed, and endemism is also considered at the genus level. As the bryophyte flora of Africa is comparatively poorly known, it is important to be prudent when drawing conclusions about biodiversity and endemism.
This is the first in a series of papers listing new records, which will be published whenever sufficient new records have been found. The taxa are arranged by countries for an easier evaluation, e.g. updates of checklists. The initials of the contributor for each record is shown in square brackets after the record, and these initials are interpreted at the end of the paper.
Niche breadth values of Sphagnum species in the páramo and cloud forests of Bolivia are similar to those reported for Sphagnum-dominated peatlands in North America, but niche overlap values are higher for Sphagnum species in Bolivia. The pH, conductivity, and concentrations of Ca, Mg, Na, K, and P suggest that Sphagnum habitats in Bolivia are ombrotrophic in nature. Sphagnum is limited to small, scattered carpets in the páramo and cloud forests of the Bolivian Andes between 1800 and 4200 m. Common species found in these habitats include S. alegrense Warnst., S. boliviae Warnst., S. cuspidatum Ehrh., S. magellanicum Brid., S. oxyphyllum Warnst., S. recurvum P. Beauv., S. sanctojosephense Crum & Crosby, and S. sparsum Hampe.
En Venezuela se hallan presentes tres especies de Leprocaulon Nyl. ex Lamy: L. microscopicum (Vill.) Gams ex D. Hawksw. (Andes; nueva para Venezuela), L. arbuscula (Nyl.) Nyl. (nuevo registro para el Amazonas; Andes) y L. congestum (Nyl.) Lamb & Ward (Andes). Una atención especial se ofrece a la morfología y sobre todo a la química secundaria de cada una de las especies. Se excluyen de la flora de Venezuela dos especies de Leprocaulon registradas con anterioridad: L. gracilescens (Nyl.) I. M. Lamb & A. Ward se reduce a una raza química de L. albicans (Th. Fr.) Nyl. ex Hue., y L. pseudoarbuscula (Asah.) I. M. Lamb. & A. Ward se reduce a una raza química de L. arbuscula.
Se presenta un resumen del estado actual de investigaciones sobre líquenes foliícolas en la región Neotrópica. Historicamente, se puede hacer una división en (1) el período inicial, dominado por las obras de J. Müller Argoviensis, (2) la monografía de R. Santesson, (3) la fase brasileña, caracterizada por el micólogo Brasileño A. C. Batista y sus colaboradores, y (4) el período moderno, con estudios detallados monográficos y florísticos y un creciente interés en la ecología de líquenes foliícolas. Actualmente tenemos un conocimiento -taxonómico y sistemático relativamente bueno en la mayoría de los grupos, aunque nuevas espécies son descritas continuamente y algunas familias y géneros necesitan revisiones. Información florística detallada existe solamente de pocas regiones, y por esa razon los datos biogeográficos quedan incompletos y controversos. Estudios ecológicos modernos fueron realizados en varias ocasiones, pero falta verificar los resultados por estudios extensivas en otras regiones dentro y fuera del Neotrópico. Investigaciones preliminares demuestran que los líquenes foliícolas pueden ser usados como bioindicadores en diferentes formas. Biogeograficamente, la región Neotrópica esta caracterizada por un alto número de espécies exclusivos y por su afinidad con África tropical. Debido a la amplia distribución de muchos taxa y al déficit del conocimiento florístico, las subdivisiones biogeográficas dentro del Neotrópico, establecidas con patrones de distribución de plantas superiores, solo en pocos casos son apoyadas por la distribución de líquenes foliícolas.
This further contribution to the knowledge of the foliicolous lichen flora of Costa Rica provides a detailed account on the genus Fellhanera. In total, 25 species and five undescribed taxa are treated. Ten species are described as new: Fellhanera angustispora sp.n., F. dictyospora sp.n., F. dispersa sp.n., F. emarginata sp.n., F. pilomarginata sp.n., F. longispora sp.n., F. muhlei sp.n., F. montana sp.n., F. verrucifera sp.n., and F. viridis sp.n. New combinations are F. pauciseptata (R. Sant.) R. Lücking comb.n. [Bas.: Bacidia pauciseptata R. Sant.] and F. rubida (Müll. Arg.) R. Lücking comb.n. [Bas.: Patellaria rubida Müll. Arg.]. F. dominicana (Vain.) Vezda is placed into synonymy with F. fuscatula (Müll. Arg.) Vezda, whose type has 7-septate ascospores, and the name F. subfuscatula R. Lücking sp.n. is introduced for the taxon with 5-septate ascospores formerly known as F. fuscatula. F. misionensis Ferraro & R. Lücking ined. and F. sublecanorina (Nyl.) Vezda are reported for the first time from Costa Rica. The formerly invalidly published names F. farinosa nom. nud. and F. pilosa nom. nud. are considered to be synonyms of F. fuscatula (Müll. Arg.) Vezda and F. rhapidophylli (Rehm) Vezda, respectively. Specimens identified as F. tuckeri nom. nud. belong to F. rhapidophylli as well. F. buxi is excluded from the foliicolous lichen flora of Costa Rica. A keys is provided to the complex group of species of Fellhanera with brownish apothecia and 3-septate ascospores. Infrageneric relationships within Fellhanera are briefly discussed, and notes on the ecology of the species are provided.
