Insecta Mundi, Volume 5 (1991)
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Type species designations are reviewed and discussed far six New World Hispinae genera. Valid designations are: Oediopalpa cyanipennis (Fab.), Homalispa (Homalispa) batesii Baly, H. (Xanthispa) cimicoides (Guerin), Demotispa pallida Baly, Cephaloleia nigricornis (Fab.), and Coraliomela brunnea (Thunberg).
The Mexican and Central American species associated with Philonthus firvus Nordmann, 1837 are reviewed. Nine species are treated, two of them, P. oenotrus and P. melampus, both from Mexico, are described as new. Philonthus flohri Sharp, 1876 is removed from synonymy with P. furvus. All species are described and illustrated, and a key is added to aid in their identification. All available records from Mexico and Central America, and biological data for the species are provided. Lectotypes are designated for: P. flohri Sharp, 1876; P. sallaei Sharp, 1885; P. fissilis Sharp, 1885; P. nigerrimus Erichson, 1840.
The genus Vaejovis C. L. Koch in the Mexican state of Sonora is reviewed, based on the examination of numerous specimens from United States collections. Four species are reported to occur there: Vaejovis spinigerus (Wood), V. confusus Stahnke, V. sonorae Williams, and V. decipiens Hoffmann. Distributional information for all four species is updated, and a key is provided to facilitate identification. The subspecies V. spinigerus sonorensis Hoffmann is synonymized with V. spinigerus. The record for V. gravicaudus Williams on Isla Tiburon (Williams 1980) is demonstrated to be a misidentification resulting from atypical variation in the closely related V. spinigerus, which is common on the island. A record for V. waueri Gertsch and Soleglad is considered the result of accidental introduction, because additional specimens have not been seen in the well-sampled Alamos area. It is suggested that the genus is probably more diverse than demonstrated here; several species from neighboring Arizona probably occur in Sonora, and new species may eventually be discovered in the poorly sampled interior.
Taxonomic characters of the recently resurrected scorpion genus Serradigitus Stahnke are discussed, leading to changes in the diagnosis and composition of the genus. Four species, S. baueri (Gertsch), S. bechteli (Williams), S. littoralis (Williams), and S. pacificus (Williams) are transferred into Serradigitus from the genus Vaejovis. The diversity of Serradigitus and distribution of its species in the Mexican state of Sonora are investigated. Serradigitus hearnei (Williams) and S. subtilimanus (Soleglad) are reported for the first time there, and four new species are described (two of which also occur in the United States): S. allredi from southern Arizona and central Sonora; S. polisi from Isla Tiburon and the Kino Bay area; S. yaqui from coastal Sonora, and S. agilis from southeastern Arizona, southwestem New Mexico, and eastern Sonora. A record for S. harbisoni (Williams) is referred to S. polisi. A key to the Serradigitus species of Sonora is provided.
Una nueva especie de Ferrisia Fullaway en la Republica Argentina. (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)
(1991)
Ferrisia multiformis sp. n. is described from Argentina, on Parthenium sp. A key is given to separate it from virgata and meridionalis also present in Argentina.
Applied Myrmecology provides a foundation for future concerted research efforts on economic intrusions of the ecologically diverse and abundant ants. Selections range from neurotoxins and behavior to ecology. One learns of "el venticuatro", an ant whose sting produces "the worst 24 hours of one's life", that "hormiga loca" prefers nesting under black plastic bags left in the fields when plants are transferred from nurseries, and that Pharaoh's ants transmit human diseases.
A new phytotelmic species, Culicoides charua, is described and illustrated from adult males and females and their pupal exuviae. New records are provided for Uruguay of C. biestroi, C. chacoensis, and C. impusilloides. A key is presented for the identification of the twelve species of Culicoides that occur in Uruguay.
In 1976 we published "Ant Larvae: Review and Synthesis," which we regarded as a summary of our life-time of research. During the following years so many new larvae were added to our collection and so much was published about ant larvae that we decided another general treatment was desirable; so in 1986 we published a "Ten-Year Supplement" to include additions and revisions to our Memoir. In 1987 and 1988 additional material warranted a supplement to the "10-year Supplement" in 1989a. This article is the third supplement to the Memoir. In the supplement, two genera are characterized, one generic characterization is revised, and references in the literature are increased by 43. Changes in our Memoir (1976) and its supplements (1986, 1989a) are noted.
The sting apparatus anatomy is described and compared for 24 species in six of the 9 extant genera of Ectatommini: Paraponera, Acanthoponera, Gnamptogenys, Ectatomma, Proceratium, and Discothyrea. Phylogenetic analysis sorts 15 species of Gnamptogenys into four species groups. Phylogenetic analyses on the six ectatommine genera suggest that: 1) Gnamptogenys and Ectatomma are sister genera, 2) Proceratium and Discothyrea are sister genera, 3) Acanthoponera may be more related to Gnamptogenys and Ectatomma than to the others, and 4) Paraponera may not belong with the other five genera.