Insecta Mundi, Volume 5 (1991)
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Type species designations are reviewed and discussed far six New World Hispinae genera. Valid designations are: Oediopalpa cyanipennis (Fab.), Homalispa (Homalispa) batesii Baly, H. (Xanthispa) cimicoides (Guerin), Demotispa pallida Baly, Cephaloleia nigricornis (Fab.), and Coraliomela brunnea (Thunberg).
The Mexican and Central American species associated with Philonthus firvus Nordmann, 1837 are reviewed. Nine species are treated, two of them, P. oenotrus and P. melampus, both from Mexico, are described as new. Philonthus flohri Sharp, 1876 is removed from synonymy with P. furvus. All species are described and illustrated, and a key is added to aid in their identification. All available records from Mexico and Central America, and biological data for the species are provided. Lectotypes are designated for: P. flohri Sharp, 1876; P. sallaei Sharp, 1885; P. fissilis Sharp, 1885; P. nigerrimus Erichson, 1840.
The genus Vaejovis C. L. Koch in the Mexican state of Sonora is reviewed, based on the examination of numerous specimens from United States collections. Four species are reported to occur there: Vaejovis spinigerus (Wood), V. confusus Stahnke, V. sonorae Williams, and V. decipiens Hoffmann. Distributional information for all four species is updated, and a key is provided to facilitate identification. The subspecies V. spinigerus sonorensis Hoffmann is synonymized with V. spinigerus. The record for V. gravicaudus Williams on Isla Tiburon (Williams 1980) is demonstrated to be a misidentification resulting from atypical variation in the closely related V. spinigerus, which is common on the island. A record for V. waueri Gertsch and Soleglad is considered the result of accidental introduction, because additional specimens have not been seen in the well-sampled Alamos area. It is suggested that the genus is probably more diverse than demonstrated here; several species from neighboring Arizona probably occur in Sonora, and new species may eventually be discovered in the poorly sampled interior.
Taxonomic characters of the recently resurrected scorpion genus Serradigitus Stahnke are discussed, leading to changes in the diagnosis and composition of the genus. Four species, S. baueri (Gertsch), S. bechteli (Williams), S. littoralis (Williams), and S. pacificus (Williams) are transferred into Serradigitus from the genus Vaejovis. The diversity of Serradigitus and distribution of its species in the Mexican state of Sonora are investigated. Serradigitus hearnei (Williams) and S. subtilimanus (Soleglad) are reported for the first time there, and four new species are described (two of which also occur in the United States): S. allredi from southern Arizona and central Sonora; S. polisi from Isla Tiburon and the Kino Bay area; S. yaqui from coastal Sonora, and S. agilis from southeastern Arizona, southwestem New Mexico, and eastern Sonora. A record for S. harbisoni (Williams) is referred to S. polisi. A key to the Serradigitus species of Sonora is provided.
Una nueva especie de Ferrisia Fullaway en la Republica Argentina. (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)
(1991)
Ferrisia multiformis sp. n. is described from Argentina, on Parthenium sp. A key is given to separate it from virgata and meridionalis also present in Argentina.
Applied Myrmecology provides a foundation for future concerted research efforts on economic intrusions of the ecologically diverse and abundant ants. Selections range from neurotoxins and behavior to ecology. One learns of "el venticuatro", an ant whose sting produces "the worst 24 hours of one's life", that "hormiga loca" prefers nesting under black plastic bags left in the fields when plants are transferred from nurseries, and that Pharaoh's ants transmit human diseases.
A new phytotelmic species, Culicoides charua, is described and illustrated from adult males and females and their pupal exuviae. New records are provided for Uruguay of C. biestroi, C. chacoensis, and C. impusilloides. A key is presented for the identification of the twelve species of Culicoides that occur in Uruguay.
In 1976 we published "Ant Larvae: Review and Synthesis," which we regarded as a summary of our life-time of research. During the following years so many new larvae were added to our collection and so much was published about ant larvae that we decided another general treatment was desirable; so in 1986 we published a "Ten-Year Supplement" to include additions and revisions to our Memoir. In 1987 and 1988 additional material warranted a supplement to the "10-year Supplement" in 1989a. This article is the third supplement to the Memoir. In the supplement, two genera are characterized, one generic characterization is revised, and references in the literature are increased by 43. Changes in our Memoir (1976) and its supplements (1986, 1989a) are noted.
The sting apparatus anatomy is described and compared for 24 species in six of the 9 extant genera of Ectatommini: Paraponera, Acanthoponera, Gnamptogenys, Ectatomma, Proceratium, and Discothyrea. Phylogenetic analysis sorts 15 species of Gnamptogenys into four species groups. Phylogenetic analyses on the six ectatommine genera suggest that: 1) Gnamptogenys and Ectatomma are sister genera, 2) Proceratium and Discothyrea are sister genera, 3) Acanthoponera may be more related to Gnamptogenys and Ectatomma than to the others, and 4) Paraponera may not belong with the other five genera.
A revision of the world Amphibulus Kriechbaumer (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Phygadeuontinae)
(1991)
Amphibulus Kriechbaumer (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae, Phygadeuontinae = Gelinae, Gelini) is revised world-wide. It is separated from its sister group genus Endasys Foerster by means of a key and a diagnosis. Keys are given to 3 speciesgroups and 25 species, including European gracilis Kriechbaumer and fennicus Sawoniewicz. Mexican satageus (Cresson) is redescribed, and 22 species are newly described: africanus, awanticeps, aurarius, aureolus, bicolor, borealis, carinarum, dentatus, duodentatus, eurystomatus, flavipes, latioris, nigripes, orientalis, pentatylus, pilosus, pseudopustulae, pustulae, pyrrhoborealis, rugosus, salicis, and tetratylus. Thirty figures illustrate diagnostic characters.
One of the rarest U.S. cerambycids, Romulus globosus, was described by Knull in 1948 based on four specimens collected in peninsular Florida. No new records have been reported in the literature since. Linsley (1963) apparently saw no specimens, since he merely quoted the original description, and gave the distribution as "Southern Florida."
The distribution and seasonal occurrence of Missouri buprestids are discussed. Keys are presented for the eight subfamilies, 16 tribes, 23 genera, and 131 described species and subspecies known to occur in the state. Three additional species previously recorded from Missouri are excluded. Distribution within the state is cited by counties. Information on collecting techniques, seasonal abundance, and adult and larval host associations is presented and discussed.
Forty-three available family-group names (and three unavailable names) in Meloidae are listed as a basis for establishing nomenclatural priority. Available genus-group names, 256 in number, are listed alphabetically with indication of the type species of each; this is followed by a list of 23 names proposed or used at the genus-group level that are unavailable in zoological nomenclature. Finally, a classification of the family Meloidae to the subgeneric level is presented in which names at the family-group and genus-group levels are treated in a manner consistent with the provisions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. This classification recognizes three subfamilies (Eleticinae, Meloinae, and Horiinae), 10 tribes, 15 subtribes, 116 genera, and 66 subgenera. The subtribes Pyrotina and Lydina (properly Alosimina), of the tribe Cerocomini, are combined with the subtribe Lyttina. The tribe Stenoderini, of the subfamily Horiinae, is defined to include Stenodera Eschscholtz. Epispasta Selander is transferred from Cerocomini to Meloini. Recently proposed changes in classification at the genus-group level are incorporated. In addition, Gynapteryx Fairmaire and Germain is placed in the synonymy of Picnoseus Solier; Afromeloe Schmidt and Lampromeloe Reitter, formerly treated as subgenera of Meloe Linnaeus, are elevated to full generic rank; and Zonitolytta Pic is reduced to subgeneric rank in Nemognathu Illiger.
R. F. Hussey was born in San Francisco, California 16 November 1896 and died 19 August 1968 in Gainesville, Florida. He held academic positions at New York University, Florida Southern College and the University of Florida, and was to have been retired from the latter as their first Professor Emeritus of Biology. For about twenty years following 1926 he held administrative positions in the New York Academy of Medicine and Doctors Hospital and during this time he published little except the excellent catalog of Pyrrhocoridae (which at that time included the family Largidae) as fascicle 3 of the General Catalogue of Hemiptera. This was his most significant contribution to Hemipterology. He envisioned and collected some materials for the catalogue of Heteroptera of North America, a work carried forward by J. L. Herring and finally brought to fruition in 1988 by editors T. J. Henry and R. C. Froeschner.
Marsikomerus (Attems 1938) is transferred from Geophilidae to Schendylidae, and shown to be a senior synonym of Simoporus (Chamberlin 1940) and Lanonyx (Chamberlin 1953). The type species M. pacificus is redescribed and illustrated in detail from the holotype; similar but less extensive treatment is provided for M. lanaius and M. texanus. The value of some traditionally used characters and the distribution of the genus (Hawaii, southwestern United States, northern Mexico) are discussed.
Discovery of the Boll Weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman in Paraguay (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
(1991)
The major agricultural export of Paraguay is cotton. This is mostly produced on 150,000 small permanent farms seldom over 12 acres in size. Cotton is plowed by horse or oxen and picked by hand. The whole family works on the farm with additional hands for harvest. Competition with modern mechanized agriculture is possible because of high yields and low production costs. No other crop has proven as suitable for the Paraguayan small farmer. Upon the arrival of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, from infested Brazil, costs of production could increase by 500 per cent, making competition on the world market impossible. A disaster of major proportions is predictable.
C.D. Johnson (Trans. Amer. Entomol. Soc. 116, 1990:425) described Acanthoscelides manieyi from near Guayaquil, Ecuador, but had no records of host plants for the species. In the collections of the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Washington, D.C., are records of this species having been intercepted at U.S. ports of entry in mung beans (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata) from Peru, South America, in 1965, 1970, and 1971. More precise localities are not available. This is the first record for A. manleyi for Peru.