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Unter dem Terminus "Apokryphen" versteht man in der alttestamentlichen protestantischen Wissenschaft jene biblischen Bücher, die in der griechischen Übersetzung der Hebräischen Bibel, der sog. Septuaginta, bzw. der lateinischen Übersetzung, der Vulgata, zu finden sind, jedoch nicht im Kanon der Hebräischen Bibel. In der Septuaginta sind dies die vier Makkabäerbücher, das 3. Esrabuch, Jesus Sirach, die Weisheit Salomos, die Psalmen Salomos, Tobit, Judit, Baruch, der Brief Jeremias und Baruch sowie die Zusätze zu Daniel und zu Ester. Wie alt dieser Kanon ist und ob er bereits auf einen jüdischen Kanon zurückgeht, ist eine offene Frage der Forschung; in jedem Fall gehören diese Schriften der Septuaginta bis heute zum Kanon der Ostkirche. Im Westen dagegen setzte sich der etwas weniger umfangreiche Kanon der Vulgata durch, in dem das 3. und 4. Makkabäerbuch und das 3. Esrabuch fehlen. Da diese Texte nicht auf Hebräisch überliefert wurden und auch nicht Bestandteil der jüdischen Bibel sind, haben die Reformatoren, die unter dem Einfluss des Humanismus mit seinem Leitgedanken "ad Fontes", der Hinwendung zu den Quellen, standen, diese aus ihrem Kanon ausgeschieden.
This article analyzes some cases of lack of understanding as well as of misunderstandings and errors, voluntary or otherwise, which punctuate the sessions of French- Russian Studio, an important place of intellectual and cultural exchanges between Russian émigrés and French intellectuals between the Wars. These errors and misunderstandings turn out to be rather productive ones, leading sometimes to lively discussions. Two notions, humanism and intellectualism, become a real stumbling block to debates: being regularly referred to at the sessions devoted to Gide, Valéry, Proust and Descartes, they are differently interpreted by Russian and French debators. This reflects not only the explicit difficulties in translation of philosophical and cultural notions but also some implicit discrepancies in production of meaning.
Rezension zu Stephan Theilig, Türken, Mohren und Tataren. Muslimische (Lebens-) Welten in Brandenburg-Preuβen im 18. Jahrhundert. Berlin, Frank&Timme, 2013
Rezension zu Beate Burtscher-Bechter, Peter W. Haider, Birgit Mertz-Baumgartner u. Robert Rollinger (Hg.): Grenzen und Entgrenzungen. Historische und kulturwissenschaftliche Überlegungen am Beispiel des Mittelmeerraumes. Würzburg (Königshausen & Neumann) 2006 (=Saarbrücker Beiträge zur vergleichenden Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaft, Bd. 36). 372 S.
Rezension zu "Zwischen Transfer und Vergleich. Theorien und Methoden der Literatur- und Kulturbeziehungen aus deutsch-französischer Perspektive". Hg. Christiane Solte-Gresser, Hans-Jürgen Lüsebrink und Manfred Schmeling. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 2013 (VICE VERSA. Deutsch-französische Kulturstudien; Bd. 5). 457 S.
O presente texto objetiva expor e divulgar ao mais amplo público leitor um panorama cronológico comentado dos estudos críticos publicados sobre a literatura produzida por imigrantes de língua alemã e seus descendentes no Brasil, mostrando que e por que se tratam de uma crítica parcial, o que evidencia a necessidade de atrair a atenção para este campo de pesquisa, partindo dos novos horizontes abertos pelos estudos culturais, pela imagologia, pelos estudos da memória, além da crítica poética. Parte-se das palavras encorajadoras de Boris Fausto em Fazer a América (1999) e de Wander de Melo Miranda em Nações literárias (2010), pois a literatura de língua alemã gerada no país pertence à cultura brasileira, é uma das nações literárias encastoadas no Brasil.
This paper presents a contrastive analysis of auto- and hetero-stereotypes of Bosnians and Germans. The analysis is based on data collected from respondents choosing from a list of 140 characteristics. The anonymous online questionnaire asked respondents to identify those characteristics that they considered to be connected with their own culture or with the other culture, and to give their reasons for their choice (in the case of the most important characteristics). The analysis based on this data reveals how Germans and Bosnians perceive themselves and each other. It also enables the compilation of a list of stereotypes based on the most frequently identified characteristics, which can be used as a basis for further analysis and interpretation. This first analysis is intended as a foundation for future analyses of ethnic stereotypes among Germans and ethnic groups in the western Balkans: Bosnians, Serbs and Croats.
The learning outcomes of teaching translation in German departments at Moroccan universities have hardly been the subject of scientific debate among translation teachers and researchers alike. The actual translation course can only train students to pursue a career in intercultural communication and not in translation, because the teaching material and methodology don’t reflect the training objectives. The thesis of this paper is that the teaching of translation in the departments of German studies in Moroccan universities, as it stands, can have professional rather than academic goals, if the university pedagogical and technical conditions change and if the constraints projected in section 4 and the lines proposed in the same section below are followed.