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ISOE-Newsletter Nr. 1/2024
(2024)
Wissenschaftsfreiheit: Für Demokratie und Vielfalt – gegen Rechtsextremismus +++ Leseempfehlung: Wie gelangt unser Wissen aus der Forschung an die richtigen Stellen? Erfolgsfaktoren für gelingenden Wissenstransfer +++ ISOE-Lecture mit Lisen Schultz an der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt: Soziale Ökologie für Entscheidungsträger*innen +++ Transdisziplinäre Forschung: ISOE startet Runde Tische zu Waldkonflikten +++ Forschungsprojekt CapTain Rain: Wie gelingt die Anpassung an Starkregen? Innovative Lösungen in Jordanien +++ Aktuelle Beiträge im ISOE Blog +++ Aus dem ISOE +++ Das ISOE in den Medien +++ Termine +++ Publikationen
Previous phylogenetic analyses of the grass-specialist leafhopper tribe Chiasmini have resolved relationships among genera but have included few representatives of individual genera. Here the phylogeny of 20 Chinese species belonging to 8 chiasmine genera was investigated by combining DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes (COI, 16S) and two nuclear genes (H3, 28S). In both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses, relationships among genera were largely consistent with prior analyses, with most members of the tribe placed into two sister clades: (Exitianus + Nephotettix) and the remaining five sampled genera. To examine morphology-based species definitions in the taxonomically difficult genus Exitianus Ball, 1929, one mitochondrial gene (COI) and one nuclear gene (ITS2) were used to infer the phylogenetic relationships and status of two common and widespread species and compare the performance of different molecular species-delimitation methods. These analyses divide the included populations into two well-supported clades corresponding to current morphological species concepts but some inconsistencies occurred under the jMOTU, ABGD and bPTP methods depending on the which gene and analytical parameter values were selected. Considering the variable results yielded by methods employing single loci, the BPP method, which combines data from multiple loci, may be more reliable in Exitianus.
The Cladonematidae are a family of hydrozoans with a worldwide distribution and morphological adaptations for a benthic mode of life. Species of this family are characterized by high morphological variability, which has caused many taxonomical debates, mainly for the species of the genera Eleutheria Quatrefages, 1842 and Staurocladia Hartlaub, 1917. Herein, we describe Staurocladia dzilamensis sp. nov., a new species of crawling hydromedusa from the southern Gulf of Mexico. This finding also constitutes the first record of the genus Staurocladia for the Gulf of Mexico. The presence of additional nematocyst clusters, supplementing the apical one on the upper branch of the tentacles, places it within Staurocladia. The presence of exumbrellar buds, a conspicuous marginal ring of nematocysts, 6–11 bifid tentacles with lower branches longer than their upper counterpart, the cnidome with stenoteles of two size classes, and two nematocyst clusters on the upper branch supplementing the apical one, opposite placed alternately on its aboral and oral sides permits to differentiate S. dzilamensis from its congeners. A taxonomic key for the species of Staurocladia is provided.
Eine finalisierte Fassung des Beitrags wird 2024 in einem von Burchard/Schmitt-Leonardy/Singelnstein/Zabel herausgegebenen Sammelband („Alternativen zum Strafrecht“) erscheinen.
Im Zentrum des Beitrags steht jedoch nicht der Versuch, positiv Alternativen zum oder im Strafrecht zu formulieren. Vielmehr ist der Begriff der Alternativlosigkeit erkenntnisleitend, konkret die Identifizierung gesellschaftlich-politischer Wirkmächte und innerstrafrechtlicher Deutungsmuster, die eine (auch) strafrechtliche Bewältigung der durch den menschengemachten Klimawandel aufgeworfenen Konflikte alternativlos erscheinen lassen können.
Dazu wird die jüngst aufgekommene Debatte um ein Klimaschutzstrafrecht aus einer zukunftssoziologischen und strafrechtswissenschaftlichen Perspektive analysiert. Im Zentrum des Beitrags steht die These, dass sich gerade die Verbindung von katastrophischen Zukunftsvorstellungen – hier erschlossen über den zukunftssoziologischen Schlüsselbegriff der Imagination und deskriptiv-analytisch als „Klimakatastrophismus“ bezeichnet – und Exzeptionalisierungen des Strafrechts als Treiber in die imaginative Sackgasse der Alternativlosigkeit erweist.
Die verdichtete Imagination, das die Zukunfts eine Katastrophe sei („Klimakatastrophismus“), befördert als ein an Boden gewinnendes kollektives Deutungsmuster eine intensivierte Sozialkontrolle und Punitivität.
Der kriminalpolitisch expansive Kurs einer mit radikalisierten Selbsterhaltungsfragen konfrontierten Gesellschaft scheint in gesellschaftlich wie dogmatisch tief verankerten Exzeptionalisierungen des Strafrechts – wie der Zuschreibung, (nur) strafwürdige Sozialschädlichkeit adressieren zu dürfen, dies aufgrund einer regulativen und expressiven Ausnahmestellung aber auch in besonderer Weise zu können (oder zu müssen) – durchaus Widerhall zu finden. Dadurch entsteht ein strafrechtsexpansives (weil rechtfertigendes) Momentum, das der ohnehin in der Herausbildung begriffenen Legalisierung eines Klimaschutzstrafrechts Vorschub leistet.
Es entspricht den vornehmen Aufgaben der Strafrechtswissenschaft, diesen Entwicklungen prospektiv vorauszugreifen, sie aufzuklären und kritisch zu wenden – gerade im Hinblick auf die Gegenläufigkeit und Brüchigkeit gesellschaftlicher Entwicklungen oder die Kontingenz eines als politisch gelesenen Strafrechts. Eine kritische Strafrechtswissenschaft darf sich dabei nicht allein, allemal nicht unreflektiert auf tradierte Formen der Strafrechtsbegrenzung zurückziehen.
Research around the “glass escalator” demonstrates that men receive promotions faster than women in women-dominated occupations. However, it remains unclear how overall establishment composition affects the glass escalator. We use German longitudinal linked employer-employee data (LIAB) between 2012 and 2019 to examine how occupational and establishment gender composition shape gender differences in promotions to management. Establishment gender composition moderates the glass escalator, meaning women's mobility disadvantages in women-dominated jobs are most pronounced in men-dominated establishments. We hypothesize that changing occupational status is a central mechanism: When occupations mirror the composition of the establishment, their status increases locally. Higher occupational status offsets lower leadership expectations attributed to women and increases women's promotion odds relative to their male colleagues.
Coming of voting age. Evidence from a natural experiment on the effects of electoral eligibility
(2024)
In recent years, several jurisdictions have lowered the voting age, with many more discussing it. Sceptics question whether young people are ready to vote, while supporters argue that allowing them to vote would increase their specific engagement with politics. To test the latter argument, we use a series of register-based surveys of over 10,000 German adolescents. Knowing the exact birthdates of our respondents, we estimate the causal effect of eligibility on their information-seeking behaviour in a regression discontinuity design. While eligible and non-eligible respondents do not differ in their fundamental political dispositions, those allowed to vote are more likely to discuss politics with their family and friends and to use a voting advice application. This effect appears to be stronger for voting age 16 than for 18. The right to vote changes behaviour. Therefore, we cannot conclude from the behaviour of ineligible citizens that they are unfit to vote.
Highlights
• Parents with and without migration background differ in educational knowledge.
• Parents with migration background have less educational knowledge on average.
• Variations in educational knowledge by immigrant groups.
• Social and cultural resources are central to explaining knowledge differences.
• Acculturation strategies prove to be of little relevance.
Abstract
Although extant research persistently highlights the importance of information for educational decision-making, better understanding the existence of, and the underlying reasons for, informational differences between immigrant and non-immigrant parents is important. This study examines the differences in the level of information between immigrant and non-immigrant parents of third graders just before they make probably their most important educational decision in the German education system. We draw on approaches highlighting the importance of resources and parents’ acculturation to explain the informational differences between immigrant and non-immigrant parents. Employing linear regression and probability models on data from the National Educational Panel Study in Germany (N = 3961), we demonstrate that all immigrant groups, particularly those from Turkey, the former Yugoslavia, the Middle East, and northern Africa, are significantly less informed than parents without own immigration experience. This result is evident both in our overall test and in various domains of the test, which analyze different aspects of information relevant to parents’ educational decision-making. Furthermore, different endowments with social and cultural capital largely explain the informational differences between parents with and without an immigrant background. In contrast, different acculturation strategies are almost negligible in explaining the differences in the level of information. Our findings provide important insights for research on migration-related inequalities in educational decision-making and for developing interventions to improve migrant parents’ ability to make well-informed and thus intended educational decisions.
Korean immigrants have migrated to New Zealand over the past three decades in search of a happier and more balanced life. While they anticipated that their children would be integrated into New Zealand society, they have primarily settled in Korean ethnic enclaves. In this context, younger Korean New Zealanders have been exposed to and influenced by New Zealand’s national and Korean ethnic cultures. This study examined success beliefs and well-being among Korean youth in New Zealand with a Third Culture Kid background (TCK K-NZ) in comparison to Korean youth in Korea (K-Korean) and European New Zealand youth (Pākehā). Results indicated that TCK K-NZ youth endorsed extrinsic success similarly to K-Korean youth, but that valuing extrinsic success predicted lowered well-being only for K-Korean youth. Conversely, valuing intrinsic success predicted higher well-being across the three groups. Results also revealed that TCK K-NZ youth's well-being levels were between those of K-Korean and Pākehā youth, potentially influenced by different structural relations between success beliefs and well-being, as well as their position as “third culture kids” in New Zealand. This study contributes to understanding cultures' roles in formulating success beliefs and the relationship between success beliefs and well-being for Korean New Zealander youth.
Die Verfassungsgeschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland beginnt in Frankfurt: Am 1. Juli vor 75 Jahren haben die Militärgouverneure der drei Westmächte im Eisenhower-Saal des I.G. Farben-Haus (heute Campus Westend) drei Urkunden übergeben. Diese »Frankfurter Dokumente« enthielten den Auftrag, eine Verfassung für das künftige Deutschland zu erarbeiten.
Um schnelleres Handeln in Sachen Klimaschutz zu erzwingen, kleben sich Aktivisten der »Letzten Generation« auf der Straße fest, werfen Suppe auf Kunstwerke und versuchen, ihre Ziele durch einen Hungerstreik zu erzwingen. Wie weit darf »ziviler Ungehorsam« gehen, ohne die Rechtsordnung zu gefährden? Darüber sprach Dirk Frank mit Samira Akbarian und Uwe Volkmann, die beide zum
Öffentlichen Recht forschen.
Highlights
• CD62p + exosomes were significantly increased in septic polytrauma-patients, while CD40+, as well as CD49e + exosomes were diminished.
• Exosomal IL-6 concentration in septic patients reflects the systemic IL-6.
• Exosomal IL-10 concentration seemed to be constant in patients and healthy controls.
• Decrease of miR-21 in exosomes was associated with the development of sepsis, while exosomal miR-93, miR-155 and miR-92a were not specifically altered.
Abstract
Sepsis as a severe systemic inflammation leads oftentimes to organ dysfunction and subsequently to death. In polytrauma patients, septic complications represent with 45% the predominant cause of late death and are responsible for extremely high costs in the healthcare system. Therefore, clinicians have to detect as early as possible the begin of sepsis to improve the patient's outcome. One new promising diagnostic tool to diagnose septic complications in polytraumatized patients are exosomes.
Plasma samples from polytraumatized patients (Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥16) which developed sepsis (n = 10) and without sepsis (n = 10), were collected at emergency room (ER), 24h and 5 days after trauma. The EVs subpopulations were investigated by a bead-based multiplex flow cytometry measurement of surface epitopes and were compared with plasma EVs from healthy controls (n = 10). Moreover, exosomal cytokine concentrations were measured via high-sensitive ELISA and were correlated with systemic concentrations. For miRNA cargo analysis, we analysed the miRNAs miR-1298-5p, miR-1262, miR-125b-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-93-5p, miR-155-5p and miR-21-5p and compared their exosomal concentrations by means of RT-qPCR.
CD62p + exosomes were significantly increased in septic polytrauma-patients (p ≤ 0.05), while CD40+exosomes, as well as CD49e + exosomes were diminished (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, we observed that the exosomal IL-6 concentration reflects the systemic IL-6 concentration (r2 = 0.63) and did not significantly alter between patients with and without sepsis. The exosomal IL-10 concentration seemed to be constant in all patients and healthy controls. We observed that a decrease of miR-21-5p in exosomes was associated with the development of sepsis (p ≤ 0.05), while exosomal miR-93-5p, miR-155-5p and miR-92a-3p were not specifically altered in septic patients.
Taken together, the present study in polytraumatized patients demonstrated that the development of sepsis is associated with an increase of CD62p + exosomes. Furthermore, the exosomal cargo was changed in septic patients: miR-21-5p was diminished.
Highlights
• Currently, China has the most publications, ahead of the USA and European countries.
• Research focuses are strictly separated into ecological and material science topics.
• Russia and Ukraine are among the frontrunners with a clear focus on materials science.
• The focus in PFAS research is shifting toward ecological issues.
• A national imbalance can be observed that leaves the low economies behind.
Abstract
The European Commission's current efforts to launch the largest proposal to restrict per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in history reflect the dire global plight of PFAS accumulation in the environment and their health impacts. While there are existing studies on PFAS research, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis that both covers the entire research period and provides deep insights into global research patterns, incentives, and barriers based on various parameters. We have been able to demonstrate the increasing interest in PFAS research, although citation numbers are declining prematurely. Policy regulations based on proving and establishing the toxicity of PFASs have stimulated research in developed countries and vice versa, with increasing emphasis on ecological aspects. China, in particular, is investing increasingly in PFAS research, but without defining or implementing regulations - with devastating effects. The separation of industrial and environmental research interests is clear, with little involvement of developing countries, even though their exposure to PFAS is devastating. It, therefore, requires increased globally networked and multidisciplinary approaches to address PFAS contamination challenges.
Bibliometric analysis of research publications would be the basis of the present study which would therefore highlight the inter linkage between the already existing researches which mainly talk about the concept of taxation with respect to it in the sphere of exemption of taxes from a set of organizations. The frequency of the publication on the same would be determined. Keeping in track the frequency of publications about the said exemptions and tax regimes. The topic clearly hasn't got much attention from the researchers. The data was collected from the Scopus and Web of Science database and has been analysed using VOSviewer software. The literature review which was pursued was gathered respectively in order to understand the concept of taxation of these charitable trusts and religious institutions. The study consists of a total of 1773 documents from Scopus and 617 documents from Web of Science (English) which are classified into articles, letters, books and editorial reviews etc. The data which is collected on the same lines would be analysed by the researchers using graphs, tables and charts.
The taxa of the subgenus Turritus of Cochlostoma (Cochlostomatidae) are analysed based on molecular and morphological data. The phylogenetic trees, based on ribosomal (16S) and nuclear (H3) DNA, indicate that the currently accepted taxonomy should be revised. Based on our data, there are 37 species in Turritus of which 5 are new to science: Cochlostoma (Turritus) pallgergelyi sp. nov., C. (T. ) muranyii sp. nov., C. (T. ) hallgassi sp. nov., C. (T. ) kontschani sp. nov. and C. (T. ) lacazei sp. nov. Of these, we describe the shells and the female genitalia and summarize the distributional data. Some samples (or set of samples) will remain undetermined for lack of data and these are reported in the appendix.
The enigmatic ‘y-larvae’ (Thecostraca: Facetotecta) are microscopic marine planktonic crustaceans that were discovered more than a century ago, yet to this day their adults remain unknown. Despite occurring locally in large diversities, and therefore presumably being of ecological importance, only 17 species have been described globally, rendering it practically impossible to identify any y-larval specimen from any locality. The fact that species have been based on different life stages (nauplii and/or cyprids) further hampers identification. Y-larvae include many forms with planktotrophic (feeding) nauplii and even more with lecithotrophic (non-feeding) nauplii. At one coral-reef locality on the shore of Sesoko Island (Okinawa, Japan), extensive fieldwork in 2018 and 2019 confirmed an enormous taxonomic diversity of y-larvae there. Here, we present morphological diagnoses and an identification key for 34 lecithotrophic y-naupliar types (or morphospecies), which will correspond minimally to the same number of species when described. As a temporary measure, all are referred to by alphabetical parataxonomic designations, except for three that have been formally described already within the genus Hansenocaris Itô, 1985. To this should be added an additional 7–9 planktotrophic y-naupliar morphospecies, which are only treated briefly. Most often, y-larval taxonomy has been based on the cyprid stage, but the large morphological diversity of y-nauplii suggests that nauplii are at least as important for taxonomy. Lecithotrophic y-nauplii display a multitude of body shapes, the form-evolution of which is discussed here with reference to a recent molecular phylogeny of Facetotecta partly based on material from the same site. An indirect estimate of the relative abundances of all 34 lecithotrophic y-naupliar morphospecies is presented, based on laboratory-reared final-instar specimens. This treatment is intended as a step towards a proper taxonomy and a revised classification of Facetotecta, which will involve detailed descriptions of both nauplii and cyprids. Until such work progresses, the present overview of the y-naupliar fauna of a single Okinawan locality known to be a hotspot of y-larval diversity is offered as a baseline for further surveys of Facetotecta elsewhere in the Indo-West Pacific and beyond.
Though recent investigations have contributed substantially to our understanding of the Alpine-Dinaric radiation of the genus Zospeum Bourguignat, 1856, its southernmost member, Zospeum troglobalcanicum Absolon, 1916, has remained a taxonomic ghost. The assumed absence of type material, the insufficient original description, and the lack of new samples from its Western Balkan type locality have stymied further clarification. The recent discovery of a single syntype shell housed at the Natural History Museum Vienna now enables the first morphological assessment via 3D X-ray and SEM imaging. Based on this image data, different characters for assessing the southernmost members of the genus are determined and a lectotype is designated. Eleven allied species from 15 Western Balkan populations are described from museum material and recent sampling efforts: Z. amplioscutum Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. biokovoense Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. constrictum Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. dubokidoense Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. intermedium Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. kolbae Jochum, Inäbnit, Kneubühler & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. neuberti Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. njegusiense Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. njunjicae Jochum, Schilthuizen & Ruthensteiner sp. nov., Z. tortuosum Jochum & Ruthensteiner sp. nov. and Z. tumidum Jochum, Schilthuizen & Ruthensteiner sp. nov. One species, Z. kolbae, is described using DNA sequence data and one species, Z. simplex Inäbnit, Jochum & Neubert, 2021 for which DNA sequence data is already available, is supported by morphological data presented in this study. The DNA sequence dataset (COI, 16S and H3) is included here and implemented in the most recent phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus. A translation of Karel Absolon’s notes from the Balkan scientific expeditions is provided.
A taxonomic revision of the oil-collecting bees of the subgenus Epicharis (Epicharitides) Moure, 1945 is provided. A total of nine species were recognized: E. cockerelli Friese, 1900; E. duckei Friese, 1901; E. iheringi Friese, 1899; E. luteocincta Moure & Seabra, 1959; E. minima (Friese, 1904); E. obscura Friese, 1899, and E. rufescens Moure & Seabra, 1959, along with E. mesoamericana sp. nov. and E. lia sp. nov., two new species from the Central American and Amazonian provinces, respectively. Redescriptions, diagnoses, and figures of specimens of both sexes, floral records, distribution maps, an identification key, and an updated catalogue of all species of the group are also provided. In addition, the lectotype of E. duckei was also designated to stabilize the application of the name.
Although initially described as a subgenus of Copris Geoffroy, 1762, Homocopris had long been treated as a junior synonym of Dichotomius Hope, 1838 (Martínez 1951) until it was reclassified as a distinct genus (Vaz-de-Mello et al. 2010). Herein, we revisit the taxonomy of Homocopris. In doing so: we describe two new species previously considered to represent the Brazilian population of Homocopris torulosus (Eschscholtz, 1822); revalidate Pinotus punctatissimus from synonymy under Homocopris torulosus and place it in Homocopris as had previously been done only informally (González et al. 2015; Rebolledo et al. 2017); recognize two new synonymies; and describe a new genus, Andinocopris gen. nov., which includes two former members of Homocopris. Presently, Homocopris includes four species: H. torulosus, H. punctatissimus (Curtis, 1845) comb. nov., H. grossiorum sp. nov. and H. williami sp. nov. Andinocopris includes A. achamas (Harold, 1867) gen. et comb. nov. and A. buckleyi (Waterhouse, 1891) gen. et comb. nov. Pinotus simulator Luederwaldt, 1936 is here considered a new junior synonym of Andinocopris buckleyi. An identification key to members of both genera is provided as well as images of diagnostic characters for all species. Finally, we discuss the placement of Andinocopris and Homocopris within Scarabaeinae and propose a new tribe, Homocoprini tribe nov., to include both genera.
The genus Neocranaus Roewer, 1913 is revisited, its composition is expanded from two to five species and a new generic diagnosis is presented. Neocranaus albiconspersus Roewer, 1913, type species of the genus, is redescribed. The genus Tolimaius Roewer, 1915 syn. nov. is considered as a junior subjective synonym of Neocranaus, its sole member being transferred to Neocranaus – N. pectinitibialis (Roewer, 1915) comb. nov. – and redescribed here. The new combination Neocranaus laevifrons (Roewer, 1917) comb. nov. is proposed for Holocranaus laevifrons Roewer, 1917. The new species Neocranaus gladius Villarreal & Kury sp. nov. is described, from P.N.N. Yariguíes, Santander Department, Colombia. For the first time, the genital structure of this genus is illustrated. A key to the identification of the males of Neocranaus and some considerations about the reproductive biology of N. albiconspersus and N. pectinitibialis are presented.
Empty shells (thanatocoenoses) have been reviewed of species in the genus Granulina (Gastropoda: Granulinidae) from the lower shelf and upper bathyal zones off Mauritania and Western Sahara. We encountered nine species of which four were already known from off Mauritania. Four new species are proposed herein: Granulina reginae sp. nov., G. ronaldi sp. nov., G. sandrae sp. nov. and G. sigridae sp. nov. These four sympatric new species lack labial denticles and they probably form a phyletic clade with a common ancestor. Most hitherto known species in Granulina from the NE Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean possess labial denticles. One additional new species with denticles was left in open nomenclature because the material available was considered inadequate. Species in Granulina from Mauritania and Western Sahara have not been found off NW Morocco or the Canary Islands, and the species known from NW Morocco and the Canary Islands have not been found off Mauritania and Western Sahara. The southern extents of the distributions of the Mauritanian species are currently uncertain as additional sampling would be required off Senegal or further South. A key to Mauritanian species in Granulina is given.
A comprehensive review of the enigmatic genus Masona van Achterberg is provided. Two new species are described from the USA: Masona neon Dal Pos & Martens sp. nov. from Puerto Rico, and Masona wow Dal Pos & Martens sp. nov. from California. A key to the world species of Masona is presented, together with a discussion of the morphology of the genus and an annotated catalogue of the species. [Masona] timpaynei Quicke, 2019, is excluded from Braconidae and placed as incertae sedis in the Ichneumonidae, subfamily Neorhacodinae.
The vetigastropod material collected on Walters Shoal during Cruise MD208 of the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos programme is documented. In total, 50 species were obtained, 30 of which are new and apparently endemic to the seamount. Of the other 20 species, eight are regionally endemic to the south-western Indian Ocean, 11 are more widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific and one is possibly of deep-water Atlantic origin. The primary affinities of the fauna are with warm temperate South Africa and the tropical western Indian Ocean, but one species is potentially a seamount endemic of southern affinity. A new pseudococculinid genus living on decomposing bird feathers is described, a biogenic substrate association previously unknown in the Mollusca. The following new genera are described: Imbricoscelis gen. nov. and Pterodacna gen. nov. The following new species are described: Akritogyra crenulata sp. nov., Bathymophila williamsae sp. nov., Benthobrookula araneum sp. nov., Be. galeneae sp. nov., Be. laticostata sp. nov., Be. scalaroides sp. nov., Be. semisculpta sp. nov., Bruceina areneformis sp. nov., Calliostoma pantopunctatum sp. nov., Cantrainea herosae sp. nov., Carinastele achrosta sp. nov., Cornisepta marshalli sp. nov., Emarginula lentiginosa sp. nov., E. nodulicostata sp. nov., E. retrogyra sp. nov., E. salebrosa sp. nov., Fluxinella dufresneae sp. nov., Gibbula roseosticta sp. nov., Hadroconus scobina sp. nov., Kaiparathina monticola sp. nov., Lissotesta wareni sp. nov., Microcollonia miniata sp. nov., Mikro crassus sp. nov., Parviturbo cicatricosus sp. nov., Phragmomphalina candida sp. nov., Pterodacna boucheti gen. et sp. nov., Solariella asaphea sp. nov., Spinicalliotropis lepidota sp. nov., Stomatella multilirata sp. nov. and Trenchia mcleani sp. nov. The following new combinations are proposed: Brookula coronis Barnard, 1963 is transferred to Imbricoscelis gen. nov., Cantharidus nolfi Poppe, Tagaro & H. Dekker, 2006 is transferred to Kaiparathina Laws, 1941 and Solariella incisura Melvill, 1909 is transferred to Phragmomphalina Herbert & Williams, 2020. The following new synonyms are proposed: Carinastele wareni Vilvens, 2014 is a synonym of Bruceina cognata (Marshall, 1988); Fluxinella stellaris Bozzetti, 2008 is a synonym of Agagus stellamaris Herbert, 1991.
Twenty-one species of the genus Lecithocera Herrich-Schäffer, 1853 from China are described as new: L. angustifolia sp. nov., L. asticta sp. nov., L. balteiformis sp. nov., L. bicornuta sp. nov., L. bigeminata sp. nov., L. duplicispinea sp. nov., L. flavalba sp. nov., L. flavistriata sp. nov., L. furvibasis sp. nov., L. laticuculla sp. nov., L. ligulacea sp. nov., L. margirecta sp. nov., L. medogensis sp. nov., L. nullisigna sp. nov., L. parviflava sp. nov., L. parvispinea sp. nov., L. serratiloba sp. nov., L. sichuanensis sp. nov., L. tenuextrema sp. nov., L. tumicuculla sp. nov. and L. yunnanensis sp. nov. Seven species are newly recorded for China: L. alpestra Park, 2005, L. alpina Park, 2016, L. chersitis Meyrick, 1918, L. haviensis Park, 2016, L. neosticta Meyrick, 1918, L. orbiculata Park, 2010 and L. rubigona Park, 2006. The females of four species are described for the first time: L. alpina, L. haviensis, L. neosticta and L. orbiculata. Six new combinations are proposed: Lecithocera platomona (Wu, 1997) comb. nov. and L. stimulata (Wu, 1994) comb. nov. transferred from the genus Quassitagma; L. frisilina (Gozmány, 1978) comb. nov. transferred from the genus Recontracta; L. baliocata (Wu, 1994) comb. nov., L. sarmenta (Wu, 1994) comb. nov. and L. stictata (Wu, 1994) comb. nov. transferred from the genus Galoxestis. Images of adults and genitalia for all treated species are given, along with a checklist of all Chinese species of Lecithocera.
Sipuncula are marine unsegmented worms that can be found in benthic habitats, from shallow to deep-sea waters. In Mexico these worms have been scarcely studied. Among nine studies in the entire Mexican Pacific coasts, seven are from the central and northwestern Mexican Pacific. For over 80 years, only 24 species have been recorded. To improve the knowledge of the sipunculans from the central and northwestern Mexican Pacific, 501 specimens from three scientific collections of Mexico were revised. The specimens were collected by diverse methods from intertidal, subtidal, and bathyal depths (~1000 m), from 27 locations along the central and northwestern Mexican Pacific. Sixteen taxa belonging to nine genera and five families were identified. One species is recorded for the first time in the Mexican Pacific and five new species are described, one from intertidal and shallow subtidal depths: Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) azteca sp. nov.; two from subtidal depths: Phascolion (Lesenka) salgadoi sp. nov. and Sipunculus (Sipunculus) bastidai sp. nov.; and two from bathyal depths: Apionsoma (Apionsoma) silviae sp. nov. and Apionsoma (Edmondsius) hendrickxi sp. nov.
Five new and four known species of the genus Dorylaimellus Cobb, 1913 are described and illustrated from the Western Ghats of India. Dorylaimellus attenuatus sp. nov. has a 0.73–0.84 mm long body; lip region rounded, offset; odontostyle attenuated with indistinct lumen, odontophore 9–10 µm long; expanded part of pharynx 39–48% of neck length; female genital system amphidelphic and tail long filiform. Dorylaimellus cylindricaudatus sp. nov. has a 1.0–1.15 mm long body; lip region rounded, offset; odontostyle 4 µm long, odontophore 11–12 µm long; expanded part of pharynx 47–56% of neck length; female genital system amphidelphic, and tail elongate-cylindrical with rounded terminus. Dorylaimellus karnatakensis sp. nov. has a 1.2–1.3 mm long body; lip region rounded, offset; odontostyle 5 µm long, odontophore 12–13 µm long; expanded part of pharynx 45–53% of neck length; female genital system amphidelphic; spicules 22 µm long, ventromedian supplements four, and tail elongate-conoid dorsally convex. Dorylaimellus kasplateauensis sp. nov. has a 0.68–0.83 mm long body, lip region with a weak perioral disc; odontostyle 6–7 µm long, odontophore 11–14 µm long; expanded part of pharynx 38–43% of neck length; female genital system amphidelphic, and tail elongate arcuate conoid. Dorylaimellus tropicus sp. nov. has a 0.6–0.7 mm long body; lip region rounded, offset; odontostyle 4–5 µm long, odontophore 8–10 µm long; hemizonid present; expanded part of pharynx 43–52% of neck length; female genital system amphidelphic and tail elongate-filiform, sudden tapering, ending with rounded tip. Dorylaimellus andrassyi, D. discocephalus, D. belondirelloides, D. chakpilus are redescribed based on the specimens collected from several localities of the Western Ghats.
Sarinda sombraluminosa Hagopián, Laborda & Simó sp. nov. and Sarinda contraluz Hagopián & Bustamante sp. nov. are described from Uruguay based on males and females. New records of Parafluda banksi Chickering, 1946 and Sarinda marcosi Piza, 1937 for the country are provided. Illustrations and electron micrographs of sexual characters, photographs of alive specimens, natural history data and a distribution map of species of Sarandini from Uruguay are provided.
Oceanic islands harbor a unique and distinct fauna and flora, usually isolated by distance and the deep sea, making them fascinating environments to study. Despite their importance, taxonomic accounts from Brazilian oceanic islands have only recently begun to focus on important groups such as the Syllidae family. In this article, we present detailed descriptions and illustrations of two new species, Brevicirrosyllis paulolanai sp. nov. from Trindade Islands, and Westheidesyllis splendida sp. nov. from Rocas Atoll. These two species belong to genera currently of uncertain affinities within the family, in both cases previously included in the Eusyllinae subfamily. Moreover, we provide updated identification keys for both genera to facilitate their future identification.
The genus Armillipora Quate is recorded for the first time in Ecuador, with a new geographical record for Armillipora selvica Quate, 1996 and the descriptions of two new species, namely Armillipora muyu sp. nov. and Armillipora imitata sp. nov., doubling the total number of species in the genus. In addition, we make available the first DNA barcodes for the genus, providing a sequence of the 5´-end of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for A. imitata, A. muyu, and, A. selvica. Moreover, we describe the second known female of the genus and we provide a taxonomical key for the known males of the world. Finally, we build Species Distribution Models and discuss the potential distribution of the genus in the Neotropical region.
The erasipterid Sinoerasipteron xiaheyanensis Nel & Huang gen. et sp. nov. from the Moscovian Tupo Formation in Xiaheyan locality (China), is described and illustrated. It is the sixth species of the odonatopteran griffenflies from this locality. This new discovery confirms the high diversity of these flying predators in the insect assemblage.
Six new species of the genus Rhaphidophora Serville, 1838 are described from China: R. hexagoniproctalis Wang, Di & He sp. nov., R. heterodentis Shen, Wang & He sp. nov., R. imbricofurca Shen, Wang & He sp. nov., R. glenoides Qin, Wang & He sp. nov., R. impressa Wang, Qin & He sp. nov., R. stenoterminata Zhang, Wang & He sp. nov. A key with previously described species from China is provided.
Two new species of aulacid wasps, Pristaulacus iuliae Turrisi & Nobile sp. nov. from South India (Karnataka) and Pristaulacus ninae sp. nov. from Peninsular Malaysia (Pahang), are described, figured and compared with most related species. Based on the present addition, the Indomalayan area currently includes 27 species of Pristaulacus Kieffer out of 61 known from the whole Oriental Region, which is however a largely underestimated number. An identification key to species and an updated checklist of Pristaulacus occurring in the Indomalayan area are provided.
A contribution to the taxonomy of the genus Pelecium Kirby (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Peleciini)
(2024)
Pelecium Kirby, 1817 is a neotropical genus of flightless carabid beetles comprising 34 species, distributed from Panama to middle Argentina. Most species of Pelecium are known from short series and few localities, in some cases only from the holotype. Male and female abdominal terminalia are not described for the majority of the species, a situation that makes it difficult to describe new species or to study intraspecific variation. Here, we describe nine new species based on individuals from Brazil: Pelecium buckupi sp. nov., P. fistulosus sp. nov. and P. zaguryi sp. nov. from the Centre-West region, P. belloi sp. nov., P. chrissquirei sp. nov., P. straneoi sp. nov. and P. zophos sp. nov. from the Southeast region, and P. balli sp. nov. and P. grossii sp. nov. from the South region. We also provide new distributional records and descriptions of abdominal terminalia for twelve species: Pelecium atroviolaceum Straneo & Ball, 1989, P. bolivianum Straneo & Ball, 1989, P. cyanipes Kirby, 1817, P. helenae Straneo & Ball, 1989, P. laeve Chaudoir, 1854, P. negrei Straneo, 1962, P. drakei Quedenfeldt, 1890, P. punctatostriatum Straneo, 1970, P. purpureum Straneo, 1955, P. rotundipenne Schaum, 1860, P. striatum Straneo, 1955 and P. violaceum Brullé, 1838.
During exploratory surveys of the fungal diversity in Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad, we collected a new species of the genus Hymenopellis R.H.Petersen. This is the second report of any species of this genus from Pakistan. Hymenopellis areolata F.Razzaq & Khalid sp. nov. is characterized by an areolate pileus, small basidiospores, and transitional pileipellis (hymeniderm and epithelium) with small pileocystidia. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences of nrITS and nrLSU regions, and morphological data support the description of this new species. A comparison with other closely related species confirmed that the newly described species is distinct from others.
Unser Zusammenleben basiert auf normativen Ordnungen. Auch die Demokratie ist eine solche Ordnung. Ihre Regeln sind nicht statisch, sie können verändert, angepasst werden. Doch was, wenn die Menschen der Demokratie nicht mehr vertrauen? Darüber sprach »Forschung Frankfurt« mit Rainer Forst, Professor für politische Philosophie an der Goethe-Universität.
Determining the structure and mechanisms of all individual functional modules of cells at high molecular detail has often been seen as equal to understanding how cells work. Recent technical advances have led to a flush of high-resolution structures of various macromolecular machines, but despite this wealth of detailed information, our understanding of cellular function remains incomplete. Here, we discuss present-day limitations of structural biology and highlight novel technologies that may enable us to analyze molecular functions directly inside cells. We predict that the progression toward structural cell biology will involve a shift toward conceptualizing a 4D virtual reality of cells using digital twins. These will capture cellular segments in a highly enriched molecular detail, include dynamic changes, and facilitate simulations of molecular processes, leading to novel and experimentally testable predictions. Transferring biological questions into algorithms that learn from the existing wealth of data and explore novel solutions may ultimately unveil how cells work.
The ubiquitin (Ub) code denotes the complex Ub architectures, including Ub chains of different length, linkage-type and linkage combinations, which enable ubiquitination to control a wide range of protein fates. Although many linkage-specific interactors have been described, how interactors are able to decode more complex architectures is not fully understood. We conducted a Ub interactor screen, in humans and yeast, using Ub chains of varying length, as well as, homotypic and heterotypic branched chains of the two most abundant linkage types – K48- and K63-linked Ub. We identified some of the first K48/K63 branch-specific Ub interactors, including histone ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP10/ARTD10, E3 ligase UBR4 and huntingtin-interacting protein HIP1. Furthermore, we revealed the importance of chain length by identifying interactors with a preference for Ub3 over Ub2 chains, including Ub-directed endoprotease DDI2, autophagy receptor CCDC50 and p97-adaptor FAF1. Crucially, we compared datasets collected using two common DUB inhibitors – Chloroacetamide and N-ethylmaleimide. This revealed inhibitor-dependent interactors, highlighting the importance of inhibitor consideration during pulldown studies. This dataset is a key resource for understanding how the Ub code is read.
Zinc finger (ZnF) domains appear in a pool of structural contexts and despite their small size achieve varying target specificities, covering single-stranded and double-stranded DNA and RNA as well as proteins. Combined with other RNA-binding domains, ZnFs enhance affinity and specificity of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). The ZnF-containing immunoregulatory RBP Roquin initiates mRNA decay, thereby controlling the adaptive immune system. Its unique ROQ domain shape-specifically recognizes stem-looped cis-elements in mRNA 3’-untranslated regions (UTR). The N-terminus of Roquin contains a RING domain for protein-protein interactions and a ZnF, which was suggested to play an essential role in RNA decay by Roquin. The ZnF domain boundaries, its RNA motif preference and its interplay with the ROQ domain have remained elusive, also driven by the lack of high-resolution data of the challenging protein. We provide the solution structure of the Roquin-1 ZnF and use an RBNS-NMR pipeline to show that the ZnF recognizes AU-rich elements (ARE). We systematically refine the contributions of adenines in a poly(U)-background to specific complex formation. With the simultaneous binding of ROQ and ZnF to a natural target transcript of Roquin, our study for the first time suggests how Roquin integrates RNA shape and sequence specificity through the ROQ-ZnF tandem.
Highlights
• Pre-service teachershave stereotypes towards pupils with autism, Down syndrome and dyslexia.
• Pupils with Down syndrome, autism and dyslexia are associated with distinctive stereotypes.
• These stereotypes can be classified in three resp. four different dimensions.
Abstract
Stereotypes about pupils with special educational needs are prevalent both in society and among pre- and in-service teachers. However, little is known about the specific stereotypes pre-service teachers associate with autistic pupils, pupils with Down syndrome, and pupils with dyslexia. We explored these in two studies. Study 1 (N=13) involved qualitative interviews to identify potential stereotype content. Study 2 (N=213) used these findings to create a questionnaire to quantify these stereotypes. We found distinct stereotypes associated with all three groups of pupils. For successful inclusion, teachers must recognize the uniqueness of each pupil, including those with different diagnoses.
This paper reviews little-known species of the dysderid spider genera Dysdera Latreille, 1804, and Dysderella Dunin, 1992 based on specimens collected in the Caucasus, Middle East, and Central Asia. After combining molecular phylogeny of five mitochondrial and three nuclear genes with morphological evidence, Dysderella is proposed as a junior synonym of Dysdera. In addition, three species are described as new to science: D. jaegeri Bellvert & Dimitrov sp. nov., D. naouelae Bellvert & Dimitrov sp. nov., and D. kourosh Bellvert, Zamani & Dimitrov sp. nov. Four combinations are proposed: Dysdera caspica Dunin, 1990 comb. rev., Dysdera transcaspica Dunin & Fet, 1985 comb. rev., Dysdera elburzica (Zamani, Marusik & Szűts, 2023) comb. nov. and Dysdera sancticedri (Brignoli, 1978) comb. nov. (ex. Dasumia Thorell, 1875). Furthermore, we report a first record of D. festai Caporiacco, 1929 in Turkey and its male cheliceral polymorphism. Our results illustrate the deficiencies that undermine the current taxonomy of this genus. For example, many species are described based on only one or few specimens or limited locality data. The advancements in DNA sequencing technologies applied to museum specimens reduce the need for fieldwork collection and export of fresh specimens. This highlights the significance of museum collections for improving research in this field.
The genus Cerabilia Laporte de Castelnau (Carabidae: Abacetini) is revised for New Zealand. Thirteen species are recognized.
Seven species are described as new: Cerabilia (Cerabilia) cordata Larochelle and Larivière new species, Cerabilia (Cerabilia) kaihoka Larochelle and Larivière new species, Cerabilia (Cerabilia) laevis Larochelle and Larivière new species, Cerabilia (Cerabilia) motunau Larochelle and Larivière new species, Cerabilia (Cerabilia) rugosa Larochelle and Larivière new species, Cerabilia (Cerabilia) takaka Larochelle and Larivière new species, Cerabilia (Cerabilia) willi Larochelle and Larivière new species.
A lectotype is designated for Zabronothus striatulus Broun, 1893.
A revision of all species of Cerabilia (Cerabilia) is provided. Descriptions, an identification key, illustrations of male genitalia, habitus photos, distributional data, and maps are given. Information on ecology, biology, dispersal power, and collecting techniques is included for each species.
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7E3F093D-A5EA-4912-8B30-8380A6F2D890
Abstract. New state records for 35 species of Eucnemidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea) are reported from the eastern United States based on examination and identification of specimens from several institutional and two private collections in the last year. Images of 18 eucnemid species are provided.
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:59455AAD-A59A-49BF-BFDE-1C7AD4B232FE
We present new and atypical host records for 78 species, subspecies, species-groups, and variants of spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) from North America and South America. The records are listed in modified taxonomic order following the Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico, Volume 2, Apocrita (Aculeata) (Krombein 1979). These records are an extension of previous host records reported by Kurczewski (2010), Kurczewski and Edwards (2012), and Kurczewski et al. (2017, 2020, 2022b). New genus and species host records are given for the genera and subgenera Calopompilus Ashmead, Chirodamus Haliday, Pepsis Fabricius, Hemipepsis Dahlbom, Priocnessus Banks, Entypus Dahlbom, Pompilocalus Roig-Alsina, Priocnemis Schiødte, Auplopus Spinola, Ageniella Banks, ?Aridestus Banks, Agenioideus (Agenioideus) Ashmead, Sericopompilus Howard, Episyron Schiødte, Poecilopompilus Ashmead, Tachypompilus Ashmead, Lophopompilus Radoszkowski, Notiochares Banks, Arachnophroctonus Howard, Anoplius Dufour, Xerochares Evans, Ammosphex Wilcke, Arachnospila Kincaid, and Priochilus Banks. New host families are presented for species of Chirodamus (Pycnothelidae), Pepsis (Actinopodidae, Idiopidae, Lycosidae), Priocnessus (Lycosidae), Pompilocalus (Barychelidae), Priocnemis (Araneidae), Ageniella (Trechaleidae), ?Aridestus (Theraphosidae), Agenioideus (Agenioideus) (Pimoidae), Tachypompilus (Theraphosidae, Amaurobiidae, Sicariidae), Lophopompilus (Tracheleidae), Arachnophroctonus (Theraphosidae), and Anoplius (Corinnidae, Cybaeidae). First-time host spider families are introduced for Chirodamus hirsutulus (Spinola) (Pycnothelidae), Pepsis albocinta Smith (Actinopodidae), P. elevata Fabricius (Theraphosidae, Lycosidae), P. plutus Erichson (Theraphosidae), P. amyntas Mocsáry (Actinopodidae), P. ?chrysoptera Burmeister (Pycnothelidae), P. viridisetosa Spinola (orange-winged variant) (Theraphosidae); Priocnessus apache Banks (Agelenidae), P. nebulosus (Lycosidae), P. nuperus (Cresson) (Agelenidae, Lycosidae), Entypus velutinus (Taschenberg) (Ctenidae), Pompilocalus nemequene Roig-Alsina (Barychelidae), Priocnemis sp. (Araneidae), Auplopus comparatus (Smith) (Sparassidae), Ageniella (Ageniella) coronata Banks (Gnaphosidae), Ageniella (Ageniella) cupida (Cresson) species-group (Agelenidae), Ageniella (Ameragenia) sanguinolenta (Smith) (Trechaleidae), ?Aridestus bergi (Holmberg) (Theraphosidae), Agenioideus (Agenioideus) humilis (Cresson) (Pimoidae), Poecilopompilus costatus (Taschenberg) (Araneidae), P. familiaris (Banks) (Thomisidae), P. fervidus (Smith) (Araneidae), Tachypompilus ferrugineus (Amaurobiidae), T. pallidus (Banks) (Theraphosidae), T. unicolor cerinus Evans (Sicariidae), Tachypompilus sp. (Theraphosidae), Anoplius (Lophopompilus) carolina (Banks) (Trachelidae), Anoplius (Notiochares) triquetrus (Fox) (Lycosidae), Anoplius (Arachnophroctonus) vividus (Smith) (Theraphosidae), ?Anoplius (Anoplius) imbellis Banks (Cybaeidae), Anoplius triquetrus (Fox) (Lycosidae), Anoplius sp. [undescribed] (Corinnidae), Arachnospila imitatrix Wahis or A. trochilinus (Holmberg) (Lycosidae), A. titicacaensis (Strand) (Lycosidae), and Priochilus regius (Fabricius) (Cyrtaucheniidae). Actinopodidae (mouse spiders), Idiopidae (true trapdoor spiders), Sicariidae (recluse and violin spiders), Cybaeidae (water spiders), and Pimoidae are reported as first-time pompilid host spider families. Our new records on nesting behavior and host spiders for the diverse family Pompilidae highlight the valuable information provided by citizen science and the use of such platforms as iNaturalist.org
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:853E1294-B73D-43B8-8D82-AFD2E0B00352
We propose several nomenclatural changes for taxa in the subfamily Cladodinae and the lampyrid tribes Cratomorphini, Lamprocerini, Lampyrini, Photinini, and Pleotomini in the subfamily Lampyrinae (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). We present evidence for the correct year of description of Calotrachelum flavolineatum Pic, 1941, Diaphanes lateapicalis breveapicalis Pic, 1954, Photinus conradti Pic, 1940, and all species described by Charles Émile Blanchard. Spellings are corrected for Diaphanes lateapicalis breveapicalis Pic, 1954, Diaphanes latipennis dartevillei Pic, 1952, Diaphanes longecarinatus Pic, 1955, Diaphanes moultoni latemarginatus Pic, 1938, Lampyris olivieriana von Heyden, 1890, and Photinus reductemarginalis Pic, 1941. We propose Lucidota puertoestrellaensis Keller and Martin nomen novum to replace Lucidota boliviana Pic, 1927, and Photinus laticollis brasiliensis Keller and Martin nomen novum for Photinus laticollis latior Pic, 1941. Seventy taxa described as variations or aberrations in the tribes Cratomorphini, Lamprocerini, Lampyrini, Photinini, and Pleotomini in the subfamily Lampyrinae by McDermott (1966), are evaluated to subspecies with their availability determined based on ICZN (1999: Article 45.6). Photinus motschulskyi Zaragoza-Caballero, Zurita-Garcia, and Ramírez-Ponce, 2023 is synonymized under Photinus intercalatus Gemminger, 1870. Lastly, we correct the type species of the genus Lucidina Gorham, 1833, and address the dates of publication for fireflies described by Blanchard.
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DCD31B02-DF17-4115-A9A8-A6CBB02D8684
The genus Lichnanthe Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Glaphyridae) has been comprised of eight Nearctic species and contains the only New World members of their family. Here, two new species of arenicolous bumblebee scarabs are described from the central United States. The recent discovery of an undescribed Wyoming species led to the reevaluation of a dubious 134-year-old Nebraska Lichnanthe specimen, indicating that it also was an undescribed species. These two species, Lichnanthe brusti new species from central Wyoming and L. bruneri new species from central Nebraska are immediately distinguishable from all existing species of the genus by their square mandibles.
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:401927DA-66D9-47A1-AE68-965210824713
Anthrenus (Anthrenus) muehlei, a new species (Coleoptera: Dermestidae: Megatominae) from Iran
(2024)
A new species, Anthrenus muehlei Holloway and Herrmann (Coleoptera: Dermestidae: Megatominae), from Iran is described. Images of internal and external features are presented. Only female specimens were found and described, but the bursa copulatrix contains obvious sclerites enabling easy differentiation from all other known species from the Palaearctic A. pimpinellae complex. The possible function and taxonomic implication of the sclerites is mentioned.
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:97661C20-803E-4785-A4B0-58B16C94D9A2
We study the many implications of the Eurosystem collateral framework for corporate bonds. Using data on the evolving collateral eligibility list, we identify the first inclusion dates of bonds and issuers and use these events to find that the increased supply and demand for pledgeable collateral following eligibility (a) increases activity in the corporate securities lending market, (b) lowers eligible bond yields, and (c) affects bond liquidity. Thus, corporate bond lending relaxes the constraint of limited collateral supply and thereby improves market functioning.
Residual connections have been proposed as an architecture-based inductive bias to mitigate the problem of exploding and vanishing gradients and increased task performance in both feed-forward and recurrent networks (RNNs) when trained with the backpropagation algorithm. Yet, little is known about how residual connections in RNNs influence their dynamics and fading memory properties. Here, we introduce weakly coupled residual recurrent networks (WCRNNs) in which residual connections result in well-defined Lyapunov exponents and allow for studying properties of fading memory. We investigate how the residual connections of WCRNNs influence their performance, network dynamics, and memory properties on a set of benchmark tasks. We show that several distinct forms of residual connections yield effective inductive biases that result in increased network expressivity. In particular, those are residual connections that (i) result in network dynamics at the proximity of the edge of chaos, (ii) allow networks to capitalize on characteristic spectral properties of the data, and (iii) result in heterogeneous memory properties. In addition, we demonstrate how our results can be extended to non-linear residuals and introduce a weakly coupled residual initialization scheme that can be used for Elman RNNs.
Highlights
• We present a novel alternative to the die-in-the-cup experiment.
• Participants’ payoffs depend on their reported mothers’ birthdays.
• We find that subjects lied to obtain real monetary payoffs.
• The extent of lying is small and insensitive to several design variations.
Abstract
We ask a representative sample of German household decision-makers to enter their mother's birthday, with potential payments depending on the month and the day they state. Thus, we create an incentive to lie. Compared to the die-under-the-cup experiment, our alternative has a lower probability that the income-maximizing outcome is true. Furthermore, it is better suited for online surveys and samples in which gambling is socially stigmatized. We conduct different variations of this game to crystalize design recommendations for researchers interested in our tool. Participants lied to receive higher payoffs, but only with real monetary incentives and only to a relatively small extent. Our results are largely insensitive to several design elements that we vary, such as the probability of being paid and the magnitude of the payoffs.
Through a contrastive comparison between the classic detective Sherlock Holmes and contemporary research agencies such as Forensic Architecture, this paper examines a recent shift in the "evidential paradigm" (Ginzburg). Based on the role that the "evidential paradigm" plays for critical literary and cultural studies, the state-supporting positivism of Sherlock Holmes is distinguished from the state-critical constructivism of Forensic Architecture: Whereas Holmes conceived of the trace as a positive datum, in Forensic Architecture's virtual investigations it becomes an emergent from data. However, this juxtaposition needs to be differentiated when critically examining the "aesthetics of objectivity" (Charlesworth) of the animated videos Forensic Architecture use to present their findings. The essay closes by asking what conclusions can be drawn from the new forms of knowledge generation for the methodology of literary and cultural studies.
Brecht zufolge birgt die Frage nach den Verpflichtungen der Kunst eine unauflösbare Dialektik: Kunst und politischer Zweck sind einander nicht äußerlich, ihre Beziehung ist nicht durch Konflikt oder gegenseitigen Ausschluss gekennzeichnet, sondern vielmehr durch das Versprechen schöpferischer Reibung und gegenseitiger Bereicherung. Dies entspricht nicht der Art und Weise, in der die Literaturwissenschaft traditionell über die Beziehung der Literatur zur Sphäre der Politik nachgedacht hat. Sie hat vielmehr dazu geneigt, den Versuch, Kunst als politische Arbeit zu begreifen, als Kategorienfehler zubetrachten - als eine von außen herangetragene Zumutung, die beiden schadet: der Kunst und der Politik. [...] Wenn wir verschüttete literaturgeschichtliche Genealogien wiederherstellen, um der theoretischen Untersuchung alternative Wege aufzuzeigen, orientieren wir uns an neueren Bemühungen, ausgewählte Episoden politisierten Schreibens nicht als literaturgeschichtliche Anomalien zu betrachten, sondern als Schlüsselmomente in der Konfiguration der Beziehung zwischen Literatur und Politik - als einflussreiche Epizentren interventionistischer Kunst, von denen aus Debatten über Literaturpolitik und Praktiken engagierten Schreibens in neue und global ausgedehnte Kontexte ausstrahlen können. Die von uns vorgeschlagene Periodisierung verbindet experimentell drei Perioden intensiv politisierter und aktivistischer Kunst und Schriftstellerei: die Zwischenkriegszeit, die langen 1960er Jahre und die Gegenwart. Damit sollen alternative Traditionen sichtbar gemacht werden, die Raymond Williams zufolge oft an den Rändern des Jahrhunderts zurückgelassen wurden. Diese Periodisierung verzichtet auch bewusst darauf, eine einzige oder eindeutige Geschichte politisierter Literatur nachzuzeichnen.
Let's call it Nachbarschaft
(2024)
Im Sommer 2023 zogen das ZfL, das ZAS und die gemeinsame Verwaltung der Geisteswissenschaftlichen Zentren Berlin aus der Schützenstraße in Berlin-Mitte nach Wilmersdorf. In dem an der Pariser Str. 1, Ecke Meierottostr. 8 neu errichteten Gebäude ACHTUNDEINS von Eike Becker_Architekten bespielen die Zentren nun insgesamt drei Etagen. Im Erdgeschoss befinden sich, von außen einsehbar, die Forschungsbibliotheken von ZfL und ZAS sowie der Eberhard-Lämmert-Saal. Während des Neujahrsempfangs, mit dem sich ZfL, ZAS und die GWZ am 11. Januar 2024 der unmittelbaren Nachbarschaft vorstellten, entstand die Idee zu dieser Glosse.
• Mexican and German populations of L. sericata differ in their development times.
• Mexican L. sericata had a shorter development time at 20°C than German flies.
• At 30 °C, German L. sericata pupariated and eclosed earlier than the Mexican flies.
• Differences in study design make the comparison of developmental studies difficult.
Abstract
The cosmopolitan blow fly Lucilia sericata is often used in forensic case work for estimating the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin). For this, the age of immature specimens developing on the dead body is calculated by measuring the time taken to reach the sampled developmental stage at a given temperature. To test whether regional developmental data of L. sericata is valid on a global scale, the time taken to reach different developmental stages was compared between a population from Mexico and one from Germany at two different constant temperatures.
The German population of L. sericata was collected in Frankfurt/Main, while the Mexican population originated near Oaxaca de Juarez and was transported to Germany in the larval stage. Only the F1 generation was used to avoid adaption of the Mexican flies. Eggs were immediately placed at 20 °C and 30 °C. Five times 30 freshly eclosed larvae per replicate (n = 5) were then transferred to a cup of minced meat in separate containers. The larvae were checked every 8 h for migration, pupariation or emergence of adult flies. The time at which the first individual and 50 % of the specimens per container entered each of these stages, was recorded.
Significant differences in the time of development between the two populations were observed at both temperatures. At 20 °C, the first specimens of the Mexican population reached all developmental stages a little (< 1 day to < 2 days) earlier than the German L. sericata. At 30 °C, the Mexican flies also reached the post-feeding stage slightly earlier (0.2 days). However, at 30 °C, the German flies started pupariation significantly earlier (after 5 days) than the Mexican flies (6.9 days) and the adults from Germany also emerged earlier (10.5 days compared to 13.1 days). The same pattern was observed when looking at 50 % of the total number of specimens per container. A comparison with previously published developmental studies was difficult as the experimental design varied widely between studies. However, the results were within the range of most studies. Our study has shown that age estimation can vary widely depending on the population on which the reference data used for the calculations are based. This highlights the importance of using local and population-specific developmental data for estimating the age of blow flies in case work.
Highlights
• Since there is only a low level of evidence, it is difficult to agree on state-of-the-art standards or to provide recommendations and guidelines.
• The value of combining several monitoring devices for dual or triple guidance must be challenged.
• The principle of fascial plane blocks is suitable to avoid traumatic needle-to-nerve contact. However, local toxicity must be regarded as a possible mechanism for nerve injuries.
• Block procedures might be conducted during sedation or general anesthesia when considering the individual patients' clinical situations and the expertise of the anesthesiologist.
• The quality of ultrasound equipment and education provided by the corresponding anesthesia department is highly relevant
In a similar way to dramatic performances and plays, song lyrics establish a complex discourse structure whereby listeners are placed in a position to overhear ‘the pretence of a conversation constructed to convey the performer’s meaning’ (Nahajec 2019: 25; see also Short 1996: 169). In Taylor Swift’s songwriting, listeners are positioned not only to eavesdrop on the narratives presented but are also invited to conceptualise and enact particular roles and scenarios in the discourse. This paper offers a stylistic analysis of songwriting and narrative structure across Swift’s oeuvre to identify how disnarration strategies are used to build stories in her two sister albums written and produced during the Covid-19 pandemic, folklore (2020) and evermore (2020). Specifically, this study examines how disnarration characterises the albums’ narrators, establishes narrator-narratee relationships and invites listeners to adopt a participatory role in the meaning-making process. Through close analysis of four songs across the two albums, this paper builds on developing studies of the stylistics of songwriting (see West 2019) and argues that disnarration strategies foreground particular themes within the discourse, such as nostalgia, wistfulness and regret, and contribute to the fictionalisation and self-aware storytelling characteristic of these albums’ storyworlds.
The Federal Reserve has been publishing federal funds rate prescriptions from Taylor rules in its Monetary Policy Report since 2017. The signals from the rules aligned with Fed action on many occasions, but in some cases the Fed opted for a different route. This paper reviews the implications of the rules during the coronavirus pandemic and the subsequent inflation surge and derives projections for the future.
In 2020, the Fed took the negative prescribed rates, which were far below the effective lower bound on the nominal interest rate, as support for extensive and long-lasting quantitative easing. Yet, the calculations overstate the extent of the constraint, because they neglect the supply side effects of the pandemic.
The paper proposes a simple model-based adjustment to the resource gap used by the rules for 2020. In 2021, the rules clearly signaled the need for tightening because of the rise of inflation, yet the Fed waited until spring 2022 to raise the federal funds rate. With the decline of inflation over the course of 2023, the rules’ prescriptions have also come down. They fall below the actual federal funds rate target range in 2024. Several caveats concerning the projections of the interest rate prescriptions are discussed.
• Mexican and German populations of L. sericata differ in their development times.
• Mexican L. sericata had a shorter development time at 20°C than German flies.
• At 30 °C, German L. sericata pupariated and eclosed earlier than the Mexican flies.
• Differences in study design make the comparison of developmental studies difficult.
Abstract
The cosmopolitan blow fly Lucilia sericata is often used in forensic case work for estimating the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin). For this, the age of immature specimens developing on the dead body is calculated by measuring the time taken to reach the sampled developmental stage at a given temperature. To test whether regional developmental data of L. sericata is valid on a global scale, the time taken to reach different developmental stages was compared between a population from Mexico and one from Germany at two different constant temperatures.
The German population of L. sericata was collected in Frankfurt/Main, while the Mexican population originated near Oaxaca de Juarez and was transported to Germany in the larval stage. Only the F1 generation was used to avoid adaption of the Mexican flies. Eggs were immediately placed at 20 °C and 30 °C. Five times 30 freshly eclosed larvae per replicate (n = 5) were then transferred to a cup of minced meat in separate containers. The larvae were checked every 8 h for migration, pupariation or emergence of adult flies. The time at which the first individual and 50 % of the specimens per container entered each of these stages, was recorded.
Significant differences in the time of development between the two populations were observed at both temperatures. At 20 °C, the first specimens of the Mexican population reached all developmental stages a little (< 1 day to < 2 days) earlier than the German L. sericata. At 30 °C, the Mexican flies also reached the post-feeding stage slightly earlier (0.2 days). However, at 30 °C, the German flies started pupariation significantly earlier (after 5 days) than the Mexican flies (6.9 days) and the adults from Germany also emerged earlier (10.5 days compared to 13.1 days). The same pattern was observed when looking at 50 % of the total number of specimens per container. A comparison with previously published developmental studies was difficult as the experimental design varied widely between studies. However, the results were within the range of most studies. Our study has shown that age estimation can vary widely depending on the population on which the reference data used for the calculations are based. This highlights the importance of using local and population-specific developmental data for estimating the age of blow flies in case work.
Central banks sowing the seeds for a green financial sector? NGFS membership and market reactions
(2024)
In December 2017, during the One Planet Summit in Paris, a group of eight central banks and supervisory authorities launched the “Network for Greening the Financial Sector” (NGFS) to address challenges and risks posed by climate change to the global financial system. Until 06/2023 an additional 69 central banks from all around the world have joined the network. We find that the propensity to join the network can be described as a function in the country’s economic development (e.g., GDP per capita), national institutions (e.g., central bank independence), and performance of the central bank on its mandates (e.g., price stability and output gap). Using an event study design to examine consequences of network expansions in capital markets, we document that a difference portfolio that is long in clean energy stocks and short in fossil fuel stocks benefits from an enlargement of the NGFS. Overall, our results suggest that an increasing number of central banks and supervisory authorities are concerned about climate change and willing to go beyond their traditional objectives, and that the capital market believes they will do so.
In this study, we unpack the ESG ratings of four prominent agencies in Europe and find that (i) each single E, S, G pillar explains the overall ESG score differently,(ii) there is a low co-movement between the three E, S, G pillars and (iii) there are specific ESG Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that are driving these ratings more than others. We argue that such discrepancies might mislead firms about their actual ESG status, potentially leading to cherry-picking areas for improvement, thus raising questions about the accuracy and effectiveness of ESG evaluations in both explaining sustainability and driving capital toward sustainable companies.
Die vorliegende Dissertation bietet eine eingehende Analyse der Entstehung und Evolution der rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen der Arbeitnehmerüberlassung in der Volksrepublik China. Ursprünglich in den 1980er Jahren als Instrument zur Reduzierung der Arbeitslosigkeit eingeführt, hat sich die Funktion der Arbeitnehmerüberlassung im Laufe der Zeit gewandelt. Diese Entwicklung wird in der Arbeit sorgfältig nachgezeichnet.
Die Studie skizziert die legislative Entwicklung von der anfänglichen Konzeption bis zur formellen Legalisierung im Jahr 2007 und untersucht die geltenden gesetzlichen Bestimmungen zur Arbeitnehmerüberlassung. Dabei werden die spezifischen Aspekte der chinesischen Gesetzgebung herausgestellt, bei der die Arbeitnehmerüberlassung vornehmlich als komplementäre Beschäftigungsform angesehen wird. Die Arbeit beleuchtet die Rechte und Pflichten aller Akteure. Obwohl nicht umfassend rechtsvergleichend angelegt, wird doch immer wieder ein Blick auf die Rechtslage in Deutschland geworfen, sodass die unterschiedlichen regulatorischen Ansätze deutlich hervortreten. Zugleich werden die besonderen Herausforderungen behandelt, denen diese Beschäftigungsform im chinesischen Kontext begegnet.
Marjan van den Akker, Gesundheitswissenschaftlerin und Epidemiologin : Goethe, Deine Forscher
(2024)
Die Welt im Wasserstress
(2024)
Wie haben sich die Wasserresourcen in den letzten 120 Jahren verändert? Und was passiert, wenn es bis Ende des 21. Jahrhunderts noch einmal zwei Grad wärmer wird als heute? Fragen wie diese beantwortet das globale Wasser-Modell WaterGAP, das maßgeblich vom Institut für Physische Geographie der Goethe-Universität und von der Ruhr-Universität Bochum entwickelt wird. Bislang ließen sich die damit erzeugten Daten nur von Expertinnen und Experten nutzen. Eine neue Web-App ändert das nun. Entwickelt wurde sie von dem französischen Geodaten-Unternehmen Ageoce, das dafür mit der Goethe-Universität kooperierte.
Im November durfte er seinen 77. Geburtstag feiern, von Ruhestand ist aber noch keine Spur. Gerade bereitet er sich in seinem Büro über der Neuen Mensa am alten Campus in Bockenheim mit großem Elan auf die nächste Seminarsitzung vor. »Die Lehre an der Universität wie an Fachhochschulen war mir nie eine Last. Ich habe versucht, die Studierenden zu motivieren oder bei Bedarf gar zu provozieren, um zu kommunizieren, weil wir alle viel mehr von gegenseitigem Austausch haben«, sagt Ludwig Salgo. Zahlreiche Studierende der Sozialen Arbeit, aus der Rechtswissenschaft, aber auch aus der Erziehungswissenschaft haben seine Veranstaltungen besucht; etliche Juristinnen und Juristen haben bei ihm promoviert, sich für die pädagogische oder juristische Laufbahn qualifiziert. Sein zentrales Thema in Forschung und Lehre: das Verhältnis Eltern-Kind-Staat. Anfang 2012 ging er in den Ruhestand, doch die Lehre blieb vorerst seine große Passion. Jetzt beendet er seine Seniorprofessur an der Goethe-Universität zum Semesterende nach zehn Jahren: »Nun ist es genug«, sagt er. In der Fortbildung für Jugendämter, Verfahrensbeistände und Juristen, auch in Stiftungen und Verbänden, hier vor allem im Kinderschutzbund in Frankfurt, möchte er weiterhin aktiv bleiben, auch um für das Thema Kindeswohl zu sensibilisieren. Dass er dann mehr Zeit für seine große Leidenschaft haben wird, freut ihn: »Ich leide an der Melomanie«, sagt der passionierte Freund klassischer Musik. »Wie Nietzsche treffenderweise einmal bemerkt hat, wäre das Leben ohne Musik ein Irrtum.«
Wissen angezapft: unterhaltsam, informativ – und ziemlich schräg : Frankfurter Bürgeruniversität
(2024)
Studieren kann man lernen – so lautet das Motto der »Schlüsselkompetenzen im Studium«. Dieses Angebot hilft Studierenden dabei, die vielen Anforderungen, die das Studieren mit sich bringt, zu meistern. Neben dem bisherigen Workshopangebot können Studierende jetzt auch jederzeit und von überall online auf Selbstlernmaterialien zugreifen, die im Projekt »Erfolgreich Lehren und Lernen – Vielfalt und Internationales im Studium« (ELLVIS) erstellt wurden.
Thomas Bowrey, who was an employee of the British colonial government, visited the Malay-speaking region at the end of the 17th century and published a dictionary of Malay (1701) which consists of 12,683 headwords. It is one of the oldest and largest collections of data on this language, which was the first language of the people he came into contact with while travelling through the Malay Peninsula, spending most of his time in harbours along its west coast. Malay, which was spoken in the various trading centres of this area (e.g. Penang, Malacca), had long previously begun to develop into a form of lingua franca during Bowrey’s stay there due to the fact that traders, especially those from Arabic countries (beginning in the 12th century), China (from the 15th century onwards), Portugal (since 1511), the Netherlands (since 1641), and less so from England, came into contact with Malays speaking their local dialects in the various trading posts in Malaya and probably began to become acquainted with the trade-language variant. Thus, Bowrey must have observed and recorded elements of both.
The data he collected is not limited to Malay variants spoken in coastal areas, but includes material from dialects which he encountered during his travels throughout the Malay Peninsula, though without, however, describing the locations in which he took notes on the lexicon and clauses. Not all of his material was written into manuscript form during his stay in Southeast Asia. A large part of his notes taken in situ were prepared for publication during his long journey home. His notes, which were used to print his dictionary, are in part kept in British libraries. Most of the material accessible to the public was studied during the preparation of this thesis.
Earlier works on this dictionary are quite limited in scope. They deal with very specific aspects such as the meanings of headwords found between the letters A and C (Rahim Aman, 1997 & 1998), and the work of Nor Azizah, who deals with the lexical change found in Bowrey’s dictionary between D and F, and syntactic and sociolinguistic aspects (Mashudi Kader, 2009), and collective nouns by Tarmizi Hasrah (2010). This study will discuss Bowrey’s dictionary as a whole in order to describe its contribution to our knowledge of linguistic and non-linguistic facts in 17th century Malaya. Besides analysing Malay synchronically, this thesis also deals with historical-comparative questions and asks whether Bowrey contributes to our knowledge of the changes to the Malay language between the 17th and 21st centuries.
In order to answer the research questions, this study not only relies on the dictionary in its entirety, but also on the notes found in British libraries as well as other material on early Malay, such as the Pigafetta list (1523), Houtman (1598–1603), and the Wilkinson dictionary (1901) as a complement to Bowrey’s dictionary; at the same time, the Malay Concordance Project (online), the SEAlang Project (online), Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (online), and Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat (2007) will represent modern Malay. It should be borne in mind that in contrast to the Thomas Bowrey dictionary (TBD), Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat (KDE4) does not hold information on colloquial forms of Malay, many of which reflect features of lingua franca Malay. This study is divided into two different branches, namely the consideration of synchronic aspects and historical comparative aspects.
Finally, this study concludes that the Malay language in Thomas Bowrey’s dictionary is heavily influenced by both external and internal factors prevalent to the 17th century. The Malay language recorded in the Thomas Bowrey dictionary is very similar to modern Malay. The similarities between the Malay language of the 17th century and the Malay language of today are considerable, even though there are, of course, still some notable variances.
Highlights
• Out of the six edible pumpkin seeds found in Cameroonian C. sativus showed most potent anti-proliferative effects on prostate cells.
• Its oil conserved almost all the effects of raw seeds and prevented benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
• It exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activities in rat with BPH.
Abstract
Pumpkin seeds are claimed to treat prostate tumour/cancer. The in vitro (ability to inhibit cell growth through MTT assay) and in vivo (ability to prevent testosterone-induced BPH in rats at the doses of 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg BW) of six edible pumpkin seeds found in Cameroonian were assessed. The endpoints were cell growth arrest, prostate mass and volume, prostatic epithelium height, prostatic proteins, prostate specific antigen (PSA) and inflammatory cytokines. In vitro, C. sativus seeds exhibited the most potent antiproliferative effects on DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cells and its oil conserved almost all the effects of raw seeds. Further, it prevented the increased of prostate relative mass and volume, prostate epithelium height, PSA and testosterone dose-dependently compared to normal rats. This effect is thought to be mediated through antiandrogenic, estrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities, evidenced by a decreased in IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα level. Overall, this results justify its traditional use.
Metahumans ist ein innovatives Framework für die Unreal Engine, das hochgradig realistische digitale Charaktere zur Verfügung stellt. Metahumans zeichnen sich durch eine vollständige Control Rig aus, die es Entwicklern ermöglicht, vorgefertigte Animationen zu nutzen und sie nach Bedarf anzupassen und zu erweitern.
Im Rahmen dieser wissenschaftlichen Arbeit wird die Anwendung von Metahumans in der virtuellen Umgebung der Unreal Engine 5 untersucht. Das Hauptziel besteht darin, die Fähigkeit eines Metahumans zu untersuchen, mittels eines herkömmlichen Virtual Reality Headsets mithilfe von Motion Tracking gesteuert und animiert zu werden. Dabei wird speziell auf die Verwendung von Inverse Kinematics als Methode zur Erzeugung möglichst natürlicher Bewegungsabläufe eingegangen. Zusätzlich wird angestrebt, die Interaktion zwischen verschiedenen Metahuman-Avataren in einer Online-Sitzung zu ermöglichen.
Um den Einfluss auf das Immersionserlebnis der Benutzerinnen und Benutzer zu analysieren, werden Probandinnen und Probanden eingeladen, ihre Nutzererfahrungen zu evaluieren. Zu diesem Zweck werden zwei vergleichbare Level erstellt: eines in der Unreal Engine mit Metahumans und das andere in Unity mit den Meta Avataren von Oculus.
Diese wissenschaftliche Untersuchung zielt darauf ab, ein umfassendes Verständnis für die Leistungsfähigkeit von Metahumans zu erlangen, insbesondere im Vergleich zu anderen Avatar-Systemen.
The cleptoparasitic bee genus Triepeolus Robertson, 1901 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is revised for species occurring in South America. A total of nine species are confirmed from the continent, of which T. tuberculifer Onuferko, Rightmyer & Roig-Alsina sp. nov. is newly described. Four new synonymies are proposed: T. aguilari Moure, 1955 syn. nov. and T. megadelphus Cockerell, 1914 syn. nov. under T. buchwaldi (Friese, 1908); T. bilineatus Cockerell, 1949 syn. nov. under T. flavipennis (Friese, 1916); and Epeolus merus Brèthes, 1909 syn. nov. under T. nemoralis (Holmberg, 1886). Males of T. alvarengai Moure, 1955 and T. rufotegularis (Ashmead, 1900) and females of T. atoconganus Moure, 1955 and T. cecilyae Packer, 2016 are described for the first time. Lectotypes are designated for the following (all originally described under Epeolus Latreille, 1802 but now recognized as Triepeolus): E. buchwaldi, E. flavipennis, E. osiriformis Schrottky, 1910 and its junior synonym E. luteipes Friese, 1916, and E. rufotegularis. Diagnoses and complete descriptions/redescriptions are provided for all species, along with a fully illustrated dichotomous identification key (with Portuguese and Spanish versions available as supplementary material) to distinguish them based on external morphological features. Additionally, known collection records and information about the ecology of the treated species are presented.