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Es werden die Gamasina-Milben (deutsch Raubmilben) in jeweils zwei StalIsystemen (konventionell und Trampoline-System) in Halle bei Petershagen (Landkreis Minden) und Werlte (Landkreis Emsland) untersucht, beide in Niedersachsen, Deutschland. Im Trampoline- StalIsystem (Firma Hendrix/Niederlande) wird das Bodensubstrat während der Mastperiode getrocknet. In den vier Ställen wird gehäckseltes Stroh (1kg/m2) als Einstreu benutzt. Durch die Substrattrocknung reduziert sich der Bestand der Astigmata-Milbe Sancassania berlesei auf 0,01 bis 0,1 % im Vergleich mit dem konventionellen Stall. Im konventionellen Stall in Halle kamen Androlaelaps cssslis, Dendrolaelaps longiusculus, Procto/aelaps pygmeus, Hypoaspis aculeifer sowie Macrocheies sp. vor. Die durchschnittliche Dichte der untersuchten Proben lag bei ca. 140 Raubmilben/ 100 g. In der parallel/gleichzeitig durchgeführten Mast in dem Stall mit Substratrocknung kamen nur ca. 10 Raubmilben/100g vor. Zusätzlich wurden große Populationen der Prostigmata- Milbe Tarsonemus rakowiensis angetroffen, die sich von Schimmelpilzen ernährt. In den Ställen in Werlte traten zusätzlich Blattisocius keegani, Paragarmania dendritica und Ameroseius plumea auf. Im konventionellen Stall hat Ameroseius plumea einen Anteil von 23 % an der Raubmilben-Fauna. Sie ernährt sich nicht räuberisch, sondern frißt Schimmelpilze und deren Sporen. Im Trampoline-Stallsystem erreicht sie maximal Abundanzen von 2.900 und 4.085 Milben/ 100g. Sie stellt damit hier einen Anteil von 72 % an der Acarofauna.
Notes upon the emotionality of a schizophrenic patient and its relation to problems of technique
(1953)
It seems justifiable to inquire into the specific factors which make the emotionality of a schizophrenic patient different from that of other patients and to investigate to what extent this specificity of schizophrenic emotionality might require specific changes in the psychoanalytic technique. Although I do not think that this paper can really live up to the full requirements of such an ambitious undertaking, it nevertheless may contribute modestly to it. My speculations began during a phase of the treatment of a schizophrenic patient; long after her acute condition had subsided I thought I observed-within clinically pertinent areas-a specific relationship between the patient's ego structure and her emotions. It seems to me that this relationship might allow generalization in terms of a basic defect with which a schizophrenic patient has to struggle, although in various phases of the disease and of the treatment the phenomenology of schizophrenic emotionality differs unquestionably in significant aspects. However, before delving into the subject matter, a few general points must be raised in reference to the psychoanalytic theory of emotions.
In Zeiten des nahezu uneingeschränkten Computereinsatzes gewinnen die Software – Sicherheit und Software – Verlässlichkeit immer mehr an Bedeutung. Dies trifft sowohl für die Neuentwicklung als auch für die Wartung und Pflege von Software – Systemen zu. In sicherheitsrelevanten, lebenserhaltenden Systemen, wie beispielsweise im medizinischen Bereich, im Bereich der Steuerung von Sicherheitssystemen in Kraftfahrzeugen, in technischen Anwendungen mit Mikroprozessunterstützung und ähnlichen Anwendungsgebieten ist es notwendiger denn je, äußerst stabile, sichere und verlässliche Software - Systeme einzusetzen. ...
Der Umgang mit der Natur ist dreißig Jahre nach Hans Jonas‘ „Prinzip Verantwortung“ weiterhin Anlass ethischer Reflexion. Das gesellschaftlich dominante Nutzendenken bringt den Naturschutz trotz der ökologischen Krise in Bedrängnis. Anthropozentrisches Nutzendenken hat den Naturschutz und seine Begründung längst selbst erreicht. Der Mensch kann jedoch weiterhin als Teil der Natur begriffen werden. Dies führt zur ethisch relevanten Frage nach Eigenwerten der Natur, die der Anthropozentrismus negiert. Die einseitige Betonung von Daten und Fakten vernachlässigt die durch eine Primärintuition gestützte, wesentliche Innenseite der Naturschutzargumentation. Diese Gefühlsseite verlangt ethische Rechtfertigung. Am Beispiel des Nutzenansatzes im Naturschutz und dessen Widersprüchlichkeiten wird die Notwendigkeit einer moralischen Grundentscheidung zwischen Nutzenorientierung und Uneigennützigkeit gezeigt. Dabei wird die Plausibilität der anthropozentrisch verengten Sicht einer „Natur ohne eigenen Wert“ in Frage gestellt. Menschliche Freiheit führt zur Verantwortung. Verantwortungsargumente sprechen für eine Ethik, die Eigenwerte nicht nur für den Menschen, sondern für die Natur annimmt und berücksichtigt. Unter Bezug auf die vor dreißig Jahren formulierte Verantwortungsethik wird die Ausdehnung der Moralgemeinschaft in aktuellen nicht-anthropozentrischen Ethikkonzepten beleuchtet. Die Entwicklung der Moralfähigkeit des Menschen, seine einzigartige Fähigkeit zum Abbau von Egozentrik bis hin zur barmherzigen Weltsicht, zum Altruismus über die Artgrenze hinweg, speist die Hoffnung auf einen umfassenden Kulturwandel zur Beendigung des Raubbaus an der Natur. Dieser Kulturwandel könnte durch Überwindung des Anthropozentrismus ethisch angemessen begleitet werden. Die Sonderstellung des Menschen ermöglicht diese Sprengung des anthropozentrischen Denkrahmens. Konkrete Folgen des ganzheitlich ethischen Arguments für Eigenwerte der Natur, besonders die Beweislastumkehr für den Naturschutz werden beleuchtet.
Das nachfolgende, so viel bis jezt bekannt, älteste Verzeichniss eines großen Theiles der Tafelgüter, Einkünfte und Rechte eines Erzbischofs von Mainz, und anderer auf die Erhebung und Verwaltung derselben bezüglicher Verhältnisse, war aus dem ehemaligen Kur-Mainzischen Archive, mit den die Stadt Erfurth betreffenden Akten, in das Königliche Provinzial-Archiv zu Magdeburg übergegangen. ...
Earliest expansion of animal husbandry beyond the Mediterranean zone in the sixth millennium BC
(2017)
Since their domestication in the Mediterranean zone of Southwest Asia in the eighth millennium BC, sheep, goats, pigs and cattle have been remarkably successful in colonizing a broad variety of environments. The initial steps in this process can be traced back to the dispersal of farming groups into the interior of the Balkans in the early sixth millennium BC, who were the first to introduce Mediterranean livestock beyond its natural climatic range. Here, we combine analysis of biomolecular and isotopic compositions of lipids preserved in prehistoric pottery with faunal analyses of taxonomic composition from the earliest farming sites in southeast Europe to reconstruct this pivotal event in the early history of animal husbandry. We observe a marked divergence between the (sub)Mediterranean and temperate regions of Southeast Europe, and in particular a significant increase of dairying in the biochemical record coupled with a shift to cattle and wild fauna at most sites north of the Balkan mountain range. The findings strongly suggest that dairying was crucial for the expansion of the earliest farming system beyond its native bioclimatic zone.
Oberfläche. Projektvorstellung: AES [Lev Evzoviè, Evgenij Svjackij] – Körperoberfläche; Dimitrij Gutov – Tabula Rasa; Die Textur der Hautoberfläche – Der Abstand zum Sichtbaren; Die Oberfläche als weiße Leinwand. – Die Lüge des Künstlers; Valerij Podoroga: Kommentar ( Januar–Februar 1996); Oberfläche. Abschließende Diskussion – Vorbei reden.
A population of wild Rattus rattus living in the roofs of the laboratory buildings was studied by supplying food every evening and watching the behaviour of the animals at the feeding place. Some observations were also made on caged animals. The rats were predominantly of the black rattus variety but white-bellied greys appeared now and then. In breeding tests the grey colour behaved as though determined by a single recessive gene. The study covered two periods of approximately 9 months each, separated by an interval of 3 months during which a reduced quantity of food was provided and the rat population underwent a major decline. During the two periods of richer feeding the population first increased and then stabilized at a level where the animals remained in good condition and there was no starvation. In the first 9-month period, stabilization was achieved by emigration of young adults who colonized neighbouring buildings. Towards the end of the second period, stabilization was achieved by limitation of breeding. The rats accepted a wide variety of foods, including meat, and a number of instances of predation were seen. Small vertebrates as well as insects were killed and eaten. Small pieces of food were usually eaten in situ but large bits were taken up to the nests in the roof. Such differential treatment in relation to size may be a factor of some importance in the evolution of hoarding. The rats visiting the feeding place formed a unit with a definite social structure. A single dominant male and never more than one, was always present and in certain circumstances a linear male hierarchy was formed. There were usually two or three mutually tolerant top ranking females who were subordinate to the top male but dominant to all other members of the group. Within the group attacks were directed downwards in the social scale. An attacked subordinate either fled or appeased and serious fights therefore did not develop. The most essential component of the appease. ment appeared to be a mouth to mouth contact which may be derived from the infantile pattern of 'mouth suckling'. Appeasement permitted superior rats to maintain their status without the necessity of carrying attacks on subordinates to the point where actual hurt was inflicted. A group territory round the feeding place was defended against interlopers. Both sexes took part in chasing out intruders but since males showed inhibition in attacking females, the exclusion of strange females was due principally to the activities of the home females. The point at which pursuit of an intruder stopped was regarded as the territorial boundary. This was also the limit beyond which a group member would not allow himself to be chased but it was not a prison wall. When agonistic tendencies were not aroused the animals no longer always I turned back at the boundary and foraging beyond its limits allowed them to become familiar with an area larger than the territory. Although intruders were normally driven out, it was occasionally possible for a particularly determined animal of either sex to force its way in and ultimately become a member of the group. The patterns of behaviour seen are described, particularly those concerned with hostile encounters and with mating. Scent marking with urine drip trails was not seen but adults of both sexes marked by rubbing the cheeks and ventral surface on branches. The circumstances in which tooth gnashing was heard suggest that this behaviour is not a form of threat but a response to unfamiliar auditory or visual stimuli. There was some evidence that it functioned as an alarm signal within the group. Pilo-erection and a gait or posture with the hind legs much extended ('stegosauring') are considered to function as threats. Pilo-erection occurred in situations where there was little to suggest conflict and is considered to represent a form of threat which has undergone emancipation. Various forms of displacement and ambivalent behaviour were seen. Rapid vibration of the tail occurred in thwarting situations, either during mating or when a defeated opponent suddenly vanished. There was no evidence that it acted as a signal. The common form of amicable behaviour was social grooming. Another amicable action was sitting together with the bodies in contact. Animals reared in cages remained shy and wary and even hand reared young developed the usual alarm responses to movement and noises. Females had their first litters at ages of 3 to 5 months. For first litters gestation periods were 21 to 22 days but in females that were simultaneously lactating they ranged from 23 to 29 days. Eight was the commonest litter number and ten the highest recorded. At birth the tail is very much shorter than the body but has outstripped it by the time the youngster emerges from the nest. This was found to be the result of a period of extremely rapid tail growth immediately preceding emergence. In Rattus norvegicus the peak in tail growth rate was found to be later and less striking. The difference is interpreted as related to the importance of the tail in climbing in the more arboreal R. rattus. During the second week of life an edge response (retreat from a declivity) and a clinging response made their appearance: these have the function of preventing accidental falls from a nest situated above ground level. Mouth suckling was seen only during a period of a few days towards the end of lactation. Play developed within a few days of emergence from the nest: locomotor and fighting play were the common types. Older animals occasionally joined in play with the young. In problem solving tests, first solutions were not insightful but once a solution had been found, the successful technique was at once adopted and subsequently perfected. There was no evidence of learning by imitation but the rats did learn from each other's behaviour that food could be obtained at a certain location and thus the solution of a problem by one rat accelerated its independent solution by others. The reasons for the differences between the behaviour of the free living population and the caged animals studied by other authors are discussed.
U radu se analiziraju eliptični oblici anglizama u ruskome i hrvatskome jeziku i dopunjuje pristup njihove dosadašnje kvalifikacije i klasifikacije. Preciznijim definicijama stupnja elipse u anglizmu predlaže se jednostavnije i jasnije određivanje njihovih granica i razlika. Na temelju rezultata analize anglizama uočene su nove mogućnosti u njihovu formiranju. U formiranju eliptičnoga oblika anglizma nije nužno samo ispuštanje određenih elemenata, već se eliptični oblik anglizma može formirati i s pomoću kombinacija drugih tvorbenih načina: kombinacijom elipse i supstitucije, elipse i kompozicije, elipse i adicije, elipse, supstitucije i adicije, elipse, supstitucije i kompozicije te kombinacijom elipse, adicije i kompozicije.
Bemerkenswerte Pflanzenarten im Emsland (westliches Niedersachsen) werden aufgeführt als Ergänzung zur Flora von Südwest-Niedersachsen und dem benachbarten Westfalen (Weber 1995). Sie wurden vom Autor vor allem 1997 im Zuge verschiedener Kartierungen notiert. 25 Pflanzenarten wurden erstmalig für das Emsland belegt, beispielsweise Amaranthus powellii, Amsinckia menziesii, Poa chaixii, Puccinellia distans und Rumex thyrsiflorus. Zwölf von ihnen scheinen fest eingebürgert zu sein. Fünf einheimische Arten, die als verschollen galten, sind an neuen Wuchsorten wiederentdeckt worden, beispielsweise Anagallis foemina, Helichrysum arenarium und Serratula tinctoria. Alle Pflanzenarten sind dem Viertelquadranten-Raster der Topographischen Karten 1 :25000 zugeordnet.
Expression of surfactant protein B is dependent on cell density in H441 lung epithelial cells
(2017)
Background: Expression of surfactant protein (SP)-B, which assures the structural stability of the pulmonary surfactant film, is influenced by various stimuli, including glucocorticoids; however, the role that cell-cell contact plays in SP-B transcription remains unknown. The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of cell-cell contact on SP-B mRNA and mature SP-B expression in the lung epithelial cell line H441.
Methods: Different quantities of H441 cells per growth area were either left untreated or incubated with dexamethasone. The expression of SP-B, SP-B transcription factors, and tight junction proteins were determined by qPCR and immunoblotting. The influence of cell density on SP-B mRNA stability was investigated using the transcription inhibitor actinomycin D.
Results: SP-B mRNA and mature SP-B expression levels were significantly elevated in untreated and dexamethasone-treated H441 cells with increasing cell density. High cell density as a sole stimulus was found to barely have an impact on SP-B transcription factor and tight junction mRNA levels, while its stimulatory ability on SP-B mRNA expression could be mimicked using SP-B-negative cells. SP-B mRNA stability was significantly increased in high-density cells, but not by dexamethasone alone.
Conclusion: SP-B expression in H441 cells is dependent on cell-cell contact, which increases mRNA stability and thereby potentiates the glucocorticoid-mediated induction of transcription. Loss of cell integrity might contribute to reduced SP-B secretion in damaged lung cells via downregulation of SP-B transcription. Cell density-mediated effects should thus receive greater attention in future cell culture-based research.
Come Hell or High Water
(2010)
„Es würde mehr Spaß machen, mit Saddam Hussein auf der Bühne zu stehen als mit Ian Gillan,“ erklärte Ritchie Blackmore nach seinem zweiten und endgültigen Abschied von Deep Purple im Jahr 1993. Die Spannungen zwischen dem Sänger Gillan und dem Gitarristen Blackmore sorgten immer wieder für Probleme in der Band, förderten gleichzeitig aber auch die Kreativität der Mark II genannten Besetzung Ian Gillan (Gesang), Ritchie Blackmore (Gitarre), Jon Lord (Orgel/Keyboard), Roger Glover (Bass) und Ian Paice (Schlagzeug), die von 1969 bis 1973, 1984 bis 1989 sowie 1992 bis 1993 gemeinsam aktiv war. Insgesamt existierten von der Bandgründung im Jahr 1968 bis heute zehn verschiedene Line-Ups, betitelt mit Mark I bis Mark X. Der größte Erfolg war dabei, gemessen an Platten- und Ticketverkäufen, stets Mark II beschieden. Auch die großen Hits der Band wie Highway Star, Perfect Strangers oder das weltbekannte Smoke On The Water stammen von dieser Besetzung, in anderen Konstellationen war die Gruppe verhältnismäßig unproduktiv.
Live after death
(2010)
LIVE AFTER DEATH begleitet Iron Maiden, eine der erfolgreichsten und dienstältesten Metalbands der Welt, auf ihrer World-Slavery-Tour 1984/85 zu ihrem gleichzeitig erschienenen fünften Studioalbum Powerslave. Für den Film wurde ein Konzert im März 1985 in der Long Beach Arena in Kalifornien ausgewählt. Hier spielte die Band an vier aufeinander folgenden Abenden vor insgesamt 52.000 Zuschauern. Zwei der Konzerte wurden filmisch dokumentiert, doch statt des eigentlich geplanten Zusammenschnittes wurde ein kompletter Auftritt als Film veröffentlicht.
U članku se raspravlja o istrorumunjskim nazivima koji su u bilo kakvoj svezi sa stablom (općenito). Obrađeni su oblici dio opsežnijega korpusa od preko 8000 oblika koji smo sami prikupili (istraživanja su obavljana u više navrata od 1985. godine – posljednje provjere i dopune korpusa obavljene su tekuće, 2010., godine i to u svim mjestima gdje se i danas govori istrorumunjski: Žejane, Šušnjevica, Nova Vas, Jesenovik, Letaj, Brdo, Škabići, Trkovci, Zankovci, Miheli, Kostrčan). Uz svaku obrađenu riječ navode se odgovarajuće iz svih dostupnih nam istrorumunjskih repertoara. Za svaku riječ daje se etimologijsko tumačenje do kojeg se dolazi usporedbom pojedinog termina s odgovarajućim čakavskim i istromletačkim okolnim govorima, a ako je riječ domaća, daju se i paralele iz ostala tri rumunjska dijalekta. U obrađenoj građi prevladavaju posuđenice iz čakavskih govora. Domaćih je riječi 14, no za neke se to ne može s potpunom sigurnošću utvrditi jer se u potpunosti poklapaju s čakavskim ekvivalentima. Izravnih posuđenica iz (istro)mletačkoga nema.
Depeche Mode – 101
(2010)
Für den Tourfilm 101 der Synthie-Pop-Gruppe Depeche Mode wurde der bekannte Musikdokumentarfilmer D.A. Pennebaker zusammen mit seiner Ehefrau Chris Hedegus sowie David Dawkins engagiert, um die letzten Etappen der Tour filmisch im Stile des Direct Cinema zu begleiten. Die Wahl fiel deshalb auf genau dieses Filmteam, weil die Band einen unmanipulierten Einblick ins Tourleben geben wollte und man in Pennebaker und seinen Mitstreitern dafür die richtigen Leute vermutete. Der Sänger Dave Gahan erklärte: „Wir hatten gesehen, was er mit Dylan und Monterey Pop und der Kennedy-Doku gemacht hatte – diese Filme geben nur Tatsachen wieder. Allzu viele Bands lassen solche Filme mit genauen Drehbuchvorschiften, Klischees und viel Glanz und Glamour machen.“ Pennebaker äußerte eine ähnliche Intention: „Ich wollte einen Film über reale Leute im realen Leben machen“ (Malins 2007, 133).
65 Revisited
(2010)
Pennebaker hat doch zurückgeblickt. In weiteren fünfundsechzig Minuten zeigt er mit 65 REVISITED neue und ergänzende Facetten von Bob Dylan auf seiner 1965er Tournee durch England aus bisher unveröffentlichtem und digital aufgearbeitetem Material. Couchman (2002, 94) betont, dass Dylan über vierzig Jahre nach DON‘T LOOK BACK (1965) noch immer nichts von seiner enigmatischen Ausstrahlung verloren habe. Das gleiche gilt auch für den Film und für seine Ergänzung.