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The article offers a philosophical reading of Mazen Kerbaj's sound piece "Starry Night". Recorded in 2006 during the bombing of Beirut by the Israeli Air Force, the piece stages an acoustic encounter between the improvised sounds of the trumpet and live bomb explosions. Arguing for a formal examination of the ways in which Kerbaj stages the problem of the genesis of musical order in the exchange between trumpet and bombs, the article draws parallels with explorations of the problems of the State and of political contradiction in the Marxist tradition. Three common points are identified: the contingency of the appearance of order, its inseparability from an excess of violence, and its spatializing function. The last part delineates parallels between Kerbaj's subversive aesthetic strategies and Badiou's elaboration of the concept of the subject as the interruption of a repetitive logic of placement.
This contribution consists of an explanatory introduction and extracts from recent fiction works, 'White Tales' (novel) and 'Peep Show' (novel in progress). Both fiction works explore the spiralling tensions between intensity and excess, desire and jouissance, via the structure and methodology pioneered in the author's previous work with 'subconscious narrative' film. The result of this prior work was the 18-minute subconscious narrative film 'The Dangers', which explores an experimental narrative structure and is fascinated by the creation and sustenance of suspense, particularly when created with the notion of the uncanny in mind.
The article sketches a critical paradigm for interdisciplinary work that is centred on tension as a highly ambiguous and ultimately deeply paradoxical notion. It highlights that a unifying account of what tension is or a systematic classification of its diverse meanings would risk resolving tensions between different approaches and privileging a particular mode of doing so. Successively focussing on aesthetic, socio-political, and physical tensions, the essay articulates tension rather as a broad umbrella term that is stretched by multi-perspectival articulations, unified through its intensive surface tension, and at the same time full of transformative and generative potentials. In particular, it proposes that tensions between different cultural or disciplinary fields can be made productive by inducing tensions within each field so that different fields can be related to each other on the basis of tension rather than some substantial commonality.
The article analyses A. Boissier's image "Les Amants électrisés par l'amour" in view of the larger question of how something is able to arouse interest on first sight, but also in repeat encounters. Highlighting the engraving's didactic iconography, the article shows how it revolves around the solution to a riddle and uses a typical design of the Enlightenment to show the uncovering of a deception. As such, the engraving is part of a long tradition of showing (supposedly) supernatural events, more specifically the tradition of Magia naturalis. At the same time, the image contains dissonances and can be seen to simulate suspense through dichotomies that can be identified as antagonistic historical concepts. The article furthermore discusses the amalgamation of love and electricity in contemporary discourses and addresses the temporal dimension of the engraving, which constructs itself out of an absence, out of something yet unseen.
The article provides a close reading of the video "Sometimes you fight for the world, sometimes you fight for yourself", dir. by Pauline Boudry/Renate Lorenz (2004, 5'). It reads the video as promoting what it calls a 'queer politics of paradox', that is, a politics that acknowledges desire as a constitutive moment of the political and at the same time challenges the political via a queer understanding of desire in order to make room for the political articulation of the Other. The article argues that a reworking of the political - one that aims at de-centring its hegemonic dynamic and creating space for Otherness - becomes possible if one invites paradox as a specific, anti-identitarian, and agonistic mode of tension to function as a constitutive moment of desire and of the political.
Writing a positive account of utopias has always been a difficult and risky task. Utopias have always already been out of fashion and outside of time. Since 1989 at the latest, visions of utopia appear to have come to an end. Twenty years after Fukayama's 'end of history', this article re-assesses the potentially fruitful roles for utopia’s out-of-timeness. Focusing on the critical potential of utopias through the concept of tension, it argues that utopian thought must be conceptualized through its tensile connections both to the status quo of a given society and to its possible futures.
The article compares the aesthetic notions of the "je ne sais quoi" (as it emerges in the Renaissance and is widely debated in the eighteenth century) and of the 'uncanny' as theorized by Ernst Jentsch and Sigmund Freud in the early twentieth century. Its hypothesis is that both notions, in situating aesthetic experience in a liminal space between pleasure and trouble, can be considered after-images of non-aesthetical notions - notions that belong to the domain of the sacred and have metamorphosed as forms of aesthetic undecidability through the paradigmatic fracture of early modernity. The article focuses on depictions of female figures directing their gaze upward - in the iconography of Sade's Justine, in popular imagery connected with Lourdes apparitions (1858), in medium photography, and in the images taken by Charcot of his hysterical patients at the Salpêtrière - and argues that they become a Warburgian Pathosformel indicating a space of undecidability and 'nonsense' between the subject and otherness.
This article shows that 'tension' cannot be conceived as a specific object of an analysis for which one could determine a precise field of enquiry. Instead, it establishes tension as a specific mode or angle of approach with which any given contingent object or set of objects can be explored. The wideness of its applicability and the specificity of its angle suggest that research on tension can help to unfold a better understanding of a classical ontological question concerning the essential value of actions and relations in the definition of what a thing is. The text follows this line of argumentation by pairing contemporary philosophical sources and specific aesthetic and political examples. Suggesting the possibility of an open classification of different modes of tension, it clarifies the extent to which the essential definition of a thing is bound to the contingent analysis of its transformations.
This article discusses the function of tension in autobiographies written by eighteenth-century doctors George Cheyne, Francis Fuller, Claude Revillon, and the Viscount de Puysegur. It studies how their rhetorical strategies stir tensions in readers through the narration of their own periods of infirmity and search for a remedy. The descriptions of their recoveries offer resolution, legitimate their medical practices, and help diffuse their works. Through the staging of these reversals, the authors suggest a shift in the way the role of medical doctors was perceived as well as a fundamental change in their relationship to illness.
This edited transcript of a presentation by filmmaker/choreographer Laura Taler responds to Heinrich von Kleist's text by taking him on as a dancing partner. It follows a simple structure of proposal and response similar to that found in the movements between leader and follower in Argentine tango. Engaging Kleist's text in the double form of a speech and a tango performance, this critical contribution follows a twofold direction: it questions Kleist's representation of dance as a mechanical activity deprived of any form of intelligence and it refuses his attempt to force the aesthetic experience of dance into a framework that privileges theory over bodily experience. These two classical philosophical positions are questioned and provocatively opposed to the dynamic, situated, and dialogic thought performed within a witty tango interaction.
This article conceptualizes tension as a relation between elements in which at least two forces with different directions are involved. How can this concept of tension be applied to the analysis of the peculiar logic of life in common? The article offers a reading, inspired by the method of conceptual history, of the use of the concept of 'force' in three models of society: Hobbes's political model, the economic model proposed by the thinkers of commercial society, and Durkheim's social theory. The analysis sheds some light on the ways in which the presence of contradictory forces can be taken to be constitutive of the social itself. This observation is then used to suggest that the puzzling fascination exerted by the notion of tension can be better understood if we see it pointing to some fundamental features of our way of collectively inhabiting the world.
Insects, the new food?
(2017)
In many parts of the world it is common to eat insects while in the western world it is regarded as a bizarre habit, even evoking disgust. Is this justified? What if insects were nutritionally similar to our common meat products and have proven to be delicious in blind tests? Insects have an environmental impact which is much less than our common production animals, so why not eat it? If these questions can be answered affirmatively, then the question is: Can we persuade the western consumers to take this psychological barrier? There has been a tremendous interest during the last five years to promote insects as food. There are now close to 200 start-up companies listed. Also, in the scientific world the interest is growing exponentially, testified by the number of articles on edible insects that have appeared during the last 15 years (83 from 2011 to 2015 against 9 from 2001 to 20051). These articles deal with harvesting from nature, environmental benefits, nutritional value, food safety, processing, and consumer attitudes. I will give a short overview of the developments in these different areas.
Sozialgeschichte des Theaters - das soll im folgenden bedeuten: eine Geschichte der Berührungen der Institution und des Mediums Theater mit "Gesellschaft". Diese Formel lenkt den Blick auf zwei Sachverhalte, nämlich zum ersten auf die Gruppe(n) derjenigen, die Theater rezipieren, also auf bestimmte Gesellschaftsausschnitte, aus denen sich gewissermaßen Publikum konstituiert, zum zweiten auf die Reflexion sozialer Konstellationen und Prozesse im Rahmen des künstlerischen Produkts "Theater", etwa auf der Ebene der behandelten Themen und Stoffe. Beide Sachverhalte sind nicht zu trennen von der grundsätzlichen Frage nach der gesellschaftlichen Funktion von Theater. [...] Nähert man sich Wien und seinem Theater über Konzepte wie Identität oder Image, so erhebt sich die Frage, wie sich dieses "Wien" eigentlich fassen lässt. Wien als räumliches und soziales Gebilde besaß und besitzt eine überaus komplexe Struktur. [...] Um sich diesen Sachverhalten immerhin anzunähern und Wien als einen in einzigartiger Weise geordneten Raum des sozialen Miteinanders, des Wohnens, des Arbeitens und des Vergnügens zu erschließen, bietet sich das Modell einer kulturellen Topographie an. [...] Mit den Begriffen Identität und Topographie sind jene beiden Kategorien benannt, an denen sich die folgenden Ausführungen zum Wiener Theater vornehmlich orientieren. Diese Zugangsweise erhebt ebenso wenig Anspruch auf Objektivität wie die Auswahl der Aspekte der Wiener Theatergeschichte, die aus der vorgegebenen, drei Jahrhunderte umfassenden Zeitspanne herausgegriffen und diskutiert werden. Einige hauptsächliche Prämissen der Darstellung seien gleichwohl benannt: Erstens wird im Sinne einer integralen Theatergeschichtsschreibung die dem Miteinander und Gegeneinander der Disziplinen (Sprech-)Theaterwissenschaft und Musikwissenschaft nach wie vor zugrunde liegende, vom historischen Theateralltag aber nicht gedeckte Trennung von Sprechtheater und musikalischem Theater aufgegeben, fallweise auch die Trennung von institutionalisiertem Theater und semitheatralen Formen. Zweitens werden - entsprechend der im vorliegenden Kontext erforderlichen Entprivilegierung (hoch-)kultureller Erscheinungen - populäre, auf ein breites Publikum zielende Genres besondere Berücksichtigung finden, Genres, die übrigens fast durchwegs dem musikalischen Theater angehören. Drittens wird es im Hinblick auf die Berührung zwischen der Gesellschaft bzw. ihren Teilen und dem Theater vorrangig um Zugänge und um Zugänglichkeiten gehen: das Stichwort "Zugänge" bezieht sich auf Räume für Theater, und zwar auf Räume der Stadt, die dem Theater erschlossen werden, und auf die eigentlichen Theatergebäude / Institutionen als Orte des Aufeinandertreffens von Theaterspiel und Zuschauer; mit "Zugänglichkeiten" sind jene Bereiche der Theatergesetzgebung (inklusive herrschaftlicher Einzelentscheidungen) gemeint, die gleichsam die Rezeption von Theater steuern, wie etwa das Konzessions- und Privilegienwesen und die Zensur.
Johann Josef La Roche wirkte von 1781–1806 als Kasperl-Darsteller an der von Karl Marinelli (mit)begründeten, stehenden Bühne in der Leopoldstadt. Dieser Zeitraum, der identisch ist mit dem noch in den Kinderschuhen steckenden "Zeitalter der belletristischen Lesekultur" (zu beachten ist dabei, dass der Großteil der Bevölkerung noch im Analphabetismus verhaftet war, was das Theater für die bildungsfernen Schichten besonders interessant machte, da hier die zeitgenössische Dramenkunst unabhängig von der Lesefähigkeit des Einzelnen zu konsumieren war), bedarf einer näheren Betrachtung, um die historischen und soziologischen Bedingungen der Produktion, des Konsums sowie der Rezeption der für den Kasperl-Darsteller La Roche eigens gefertigten Komödientexte besser verstehen zu können. Auf den folgenden Seiten soll nun nichts anderes als der wirkungsgeschichtliche Kontext der Literaturproduktion wie der Literaturrezeption am Leopoldstädter Theater erhoben werden - oder mit anderen Worten - sollen epochale Charakteristika des literarischen Feldes herausgestrichen werden, die ausgehend von der Feldtheorie Pierre Bourdieus eine literatursoziologische Verortung erfahren.