Refine
Year of publication
- 2010 (974) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (974) (remove)
Language
- German (546)
- English (353)
- Portuguese (28)
- Croatian (26)
- French (7)
- Italian (6)
- Spanish (3)
- Multiple languages (2)
- mis (1)
- Polish (1)
Has Fulltext
- yes (974)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (974) (remove)
Keywords
- Filmmusik (94)
- Deutsch (42)
- Literatur (20)
- Gefühl (13)
- Habitus (12)
- Linguistik (10)
- Rezension (10)
- Tschechisch (10)
- Rezeption (9)
- Cape Verde Islands (8)
Institute
- Medizin (116)
- Extern (94)
- Biochemie und Chemie (45)
- Biowissenschaften (41)
- Gesellschaftswissenschaften (40)
- Geowissenschaften (39)
- Physik (25)
- Geschichtswissenschaften (22)
- Philosophie (20)
- E-Finance Lab e.V. (17)
Die in THE FILTH AND THE FURY geschilderten Ereignisse um die Sex Pistols und die Punkszene im London der späten 1970er Jahre gehören mittlerweile zu den Standards der Popgeschichte – von ihrer Performance der Nummer 1-Single God Save the Queen (The Fascist Regime) auf einem Boot auf der Themse parallel zu den pompösen Feierlichkeiten des Krönungsjubiläum 1977, bis hin zum Tod der „No Future“-Ikone Sid Vicious und seiner Freundin Nancy Spungen in New York. Der Poptheoretiker Greil Marcus hat in seinem Buch Lipstick Traces detailliert die Verbindungen zwischen Punk und avantgardistischer Aktionskunst erläutert, und Jon Savage verfasste mit England´s Dreaming eine epische soziokulturelle Chronologie der Szene.
In "The Filth and the Fury" porträtiert Regisseur Julien Temple den Aufstieg und Fall der berühmtberüchtigten Punkrock-Band The Sex Pistols Mitte der 1970er Jahre. Temple hatte zuvor bereits bei "The Great Rock'n'Roll Swindle" Regie geführt. Diesem ersten Werk wurde allerdings immer wieder eine einseitige Schilderung der Ereignisse aus Sicht des ehemaligen Managers der Sex Pistols - Malcom McLaren - vorgeworfen. McLaren soll viele Skandale der Band bewusst forciert haben, um aus der negativen Publicity Profit zu schlagen. Die Idee hinter "The Filth and the Fury" war, die "wahre Bandgeschichte" ans Licht zu bringen und auf Zelluloid zu bannen: "For 20 years our life has been rewritten - wrongly and very badly. It becomes intolerable. At some point you have to say: 'Stop. Here is the real deal.' I've told the truth constantly, but now it's on film. Somehow celluloid adds a touch of realism for most Americans".
The financial crisis – consequences for online banks : interview with Dr. Markus Walch, DAB bank
(2010)
THE EUROPEAN POST-TRADING LANDSCAPE IS RECENTLY CHANGING FUNDAMENTALLY DUE TO THE FINANCIAL CRISIS, REGULATORY ACTIONS, AND THE STRONG LINKAGE OF GLOBAL FINANCIAL MARKETS. THE SYSTEMIC IMPORTANCE OF POST-TRADING INFRASTRUCTURES UNDERLINES THE INDUSTRY’S SIGNIFICANT DEPENDENCE ON SAFE AND EFFICIENT RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESSES. USING THE DELPHI METHODOLOGY IN A STUDY AMONG A MULTITUDE OF EXPERTS FROM DIFFERENT AREAS OF POST-TRADING, WE TRIED TO DEVELOP A JOINT AND COHERENT VIEW OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ISSUES FOR THE EUROPEAN POST-TRADING SYSTEM IN THE NEAR FUTURE.
Background: ClC-7 is a ubiquitous transporter which is broadly expressed in mammalian tissues. It is implied in the pathogenesis of lysosomal storage disease and osteopetrosis. Because of its endosomal/lysosomal localization it is still poorly characterized. Methodology/Principal Findings: An electrophysiological characterization of rat ClC-7 using solid-supported membrane-based electrophysiology is presented. The measured currents show the characteristics of ClC-7 and confirm its function as a Cl−/H+-antiporter. We have used rat ClC-7 in CHO cells as a model system to investigate the functionality and cellular localization of the wt transporter and its variant G213R ClC-7 which is the analogue of human G215R ClC-7 responsible for autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type II. Our study shows that rat G213R ClC-7 is functional but has a localization defect in CHO cells which prevents it from being correctly targeted to the lysosomal membrane. The electrophysiological assay is tested as a tool for drug discovery. The assay is validated with a number of drug candidates. It is shown that ClC-7 is inhibited by DIDS, NPPB and NS5818 at micromolar concentrations. Conclusions/Significance: It is suggested that the scenario found in the CHO model system also applies to the human transporter and that mislocalization rather than impaired functionality of G215R ClC-7 is the primary cause of the related autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type II. Furthermore, the robust solid-supported membrane-based electrophysiological assay is proposed for rapid screening for potential ClC-7 inhibitors which are discussed for treatment of osteoporosis.
Emissions of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), one of the strongest greenhouse gases on a per molecule basis, are targeted to be collectively reduced under the Kyoto Protocol. Because of its long atmospheric lifetime (estimated as 800 to 3200 years), the accumulation of SF6 in the atmosphere is a direct measure of its global emissions. Examination of our extended data set of globally distributed high-precision SF6 observations shows an increase in SF6 abundance from near zero in the 1970s to a global mean of 6.7 ppt by the end of 2008. In-depth evaluation of our long-term data records shows that the global source of SF6 decreased after 1995, most likely due to SF6 emission reductions in industrialised countries, but increased again after 1998. By subtracting those emissions reported by Annex I countries to the United Nations Framework Convention of Climatic Change (UNFCCC) from our observation-inferred SF6 source leaves a surprisingly large gap of more than 70–80% of non-reported SF6 emissions in the last decade. This suggests a strong under-estimation of emissions in Annex I countries and underlines the urgent need for independent atmospheric verification of greenhouse gases emissions accounting.
Dass der britische Musikmanager Malcolm McLaren als Schöpfer der Sex Pistols gilt, einer der ersten Punk-Rock-Bands der Musikgeschichte, hängt wohl maßgeblich mit seiner übertrieben egozentrischen Selbstinszenierung zusammen. Sie findet ihren Höhepunkt in dem von McLaren angestoßenen Film THE GREAT ROCK‘N‘ROLL SWINDLE, der nicht die Band, sondern den Manager in den Mittelpunkt stellt. McLaren hatte Jahre zuvor schon einmal versucht, mit dem für provokante Low-Budget-Produktionen bekannten amerikanischen Regisseur Russ Meyer einen Film mit Musik der Sex Pistols zu drehen; der Film WHO KILLED BAMBI? scheiterte aber, als die Produktionsfirma 20th Century Fox Gelder verwehrte.
Eucalyptus largiflorens (Black Box) is the most common tree in the Chowilla anabranch system on the Murray River floodplain. It typically has dull, glaucous, grey-green leaves. Occasional trees with smaller, glossy green leaves (Green Box) occur scattered amongst the Black Box. In areas with increasing salinity, they usually appear much healthier than adjacent, normal Black Box trees. Green Box plants are intermediate between normal Eucalyptus largiflorens plants and Eucalyptus gracilis plants in many morphological and allozyme characters, strongly suggesting that they are hybrids between those species. Green Box plants tolerate salinity better and use water more conservatively than normal Black Box plants, traits that they have probably inherited from Eucalyptus gracilis. In 1994, the Botanic Gardens of Adelaide used tissue culture and micropropagation to produce nearly 9,000 cloned Green Box plants which were planted out on Riverland floodplains. Since the 1990s, the high cost of producing clonal plants has meant that no further such plantings have occurred. Because Green Box plants can be a considerable distance from the nearest plants of one putative parent (Eucalyptus gracilis), more detailed studies could contribute to the existing work on such phantom hybrids.
Disruptive behaviour disorders are reflected by a great variety of symptoms ranging from impulsive-hot tempered quarrels to purposeful and goal directed acts of cruelty. A growing body of data indicates that there are neurobiological factors that increase the risk for developing disruptive behaviour disorders. In this review, we give a broad overview of recent studies investigating physiological, neural, genetic factors, and specific neurotransmitter systems. We also discuss the impact of psychosocial risk and consider the effects of gene-environment interactions. Due to the heterogeneity of disruptive behaviour disorders, it is concluded that specific subtypes of disruptive behaviour should be considered both in terms their biological basis and in regard to specific treatment needs.
The impact of shift work induced chronic circadian disruption on IL-6 and TNF-α immune responses
(2010)
Aim: Sleep disturbances induce proinflammatory immune responses, which might increase cardiovascular disease risk. So far the effects of acute sleep deprivation and chronic sleep illnesses on the immune system have been investigated. The particular impact of shift work induced chronic circadian disruption on specific immune responses has not been addressed so far.
Methods: Pittsburgh-Sleep-Quality-Index (PSQI) questionnaire and blood sampling was performed by 225 shift workers and 137 daytime workers. As possible markers the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-alpha and lymphocyte cell count were investigated. A medical examination was performed and biometrical data including age, gender, height, weight, waist and hip circumference and smoking habits were collected by a structured interview.
Results: Shift workers had a significantly higher mean PSQI score than day workers (6.73 vs. 4.66; p < 0.001). Day workers and shift workers had similar serum levels of IL-6 (2.30 vs. 2.67 resp.; p = 0.276), TNF-alpha (5.58 vs. 5.68, resp.; p = 0.841) or lymphocytes count (33.68 vs. 32.99, resp.; p = 0.404). Furthermore there were no differences in cytokine levels (IL-6 p = 0.761; TNF-alpha p = 0.759) or lymphocyte count (p = 0.593) comparing the sleep quality within the cohorts. When this calculation of sleep quality was stratified by shift and day workers irrespective of their sleep quality day workers and shift workers had similar serum levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha or lymphocytes count. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant correlation of lymphocytes count and smoking habits.
Conclusion: Shift work induces chronic sleep debt. Our data reveals that chronic sleep debt might not always lead to an activation of the immune system, as we did not observe differences in lymphocyte count or level of IL-6 or TNF-alpha serum concentration between shift workers and day workers. Therefore chronic sleep restriction might be eased by a long-term compensating immune regulation which (in healthy) protects against an overstimulation of proinflammatory immune mechanisms and moderates metabolic changes, as they are known from short-term sleep deprivation or sleep related breathing disorders.
Live fast, Love Hard, Die Young – es scheint fast so, als könnte dieses auf das Leben Jimi Hendrix' sicherlich zutreffende Leitmotiv auch dem vorliegenden Film metaphorisch vorangestellt werden. Denn der in zwei Abschnitte unterteilte Film erzählt in den ersten 22 Minuten in Interviewausschnitten aus Gesprächen mit diversen Zeitgenossen und ehemaligen Bandmitgliedern der Jimi Hendrix Experience (Mitch Mitchell und Noel Redding) den musikalischen Werdegang Hendrix’ bis zu seinem legendären Auftritt auf dem Monterey Pop Festival 1967 in rasanter Geschwindigkeit. Nur kurzer Stücke zu verschiedenen Themen werden hintereinandergeschnitten. Dabei erkennt man erst allmählich, dass die chronologische Reihenfolge der Themen auf das Festival hin zielt. Der zweite und längere Abschnitt des Films zeigt den gesamten Auftritt von Jimi Hendrix auf dem Monterey-Festival.
Die 1970er Jahre galten als Zeit der Katastrophenfilme. Daran angelehnt bewarb die offizielle Pressemappe "The Kids Are Alright" als "the world's first rock'n'roll disaster movie". Wenn man das Zerschlagen der Gitarren auf offener Bühne (smashing) - The Who waren bekannt dafür, dass besonders Townshend und Moon auf der Bühne regelmäßig ihre Instrumente zerschlugen - denn überhaupt als "Katastrophe" ansehen will (der Film enthält einige derartige Szenen), so werden doch keine Hochhäuser, Passagierschiffe oder ganze Städte zerstört wie in den Filmen des Genres, sondern nur die Bedingungen des Konzerts selbst.
This paper proposes a new sound rule for Proto-Slavic, according to which *g (from PIE *g, *gw, *gh, and *gwh) was lost before *m. This development was posterior to Winter’s law and the merger of voiced and aspirated stop in Slavic. The operation of the rule is illustrated by new etymologies of four Slavic words: *ama, *jama ‘hole, pit’, *těmę ‘sinciput’, *mąžь ‘husband, man’, and *remy ‘leather belt’.
Theory building is not only underdeveloped in IT services management research, but in
general in IS. Given the paradigm shift that comes from the development away from a
networked economy towards a network economy, the lack of spending enough attention to
theorizing in IS becomes even more obvious. In the light of other "megatrends" in IS
research, such as the increasing professionalization and use of statistical methods and the
exploitation of extremely large sets of data (often harvested from social media sites), we
might lose interest in theorizing in the presence of the tremendous amount of available
empirical data. In this position paper, the author advocates that services science researchers
should focus on rigor and relevance in their research approaches.
Introduction: Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory disorder of pulmonary or extrapulmonary origin. We have previously demonstrated that netrin-1 dampens murine ALI, and in an attempt to advance this finding into future clinical practice we evaluated whether netrin-1 would reduce alveolar inflammation during porcine ALI. Methods: This was a controlled in vivo experimental study in pigs. We induced ALI through lipoploysaccharide (LPS) infusion (50 micro g/kg) for 2 hours. Following this, we exposed animals to either vehicle, intravenous netrin-1 (netrin-1 i.v.) or inhaled netrin-1 (netrin-1 inh.). Serum samples and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were obtained to determine levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1beta, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 at baseline and 6 hours following treatment. Myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and protein levels were determined in the BAL, and tissue samples were obtained for histological evaluation. Finally, animals were scanned with spiral CT. Results: Following LPS infusion, animals developed acute pulmonary injury. Serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 were significantly reduced in the netrin-1 i.v. group. BAL demonstrated significantly reduced cytokine levels 6 hours post-netrin-1 treatment (TNF-alpha: vehicle 633 ± 172 pg/ml, netrin-1 i.v. 84 ± 5 pg/ml, netrin-1 inh. 168 ± 74 pg/ml; both P < 0.05). MPO activity and protein content were significantly reduced in BAL samples from netrin-1-treated animals. Histological sections confirmed reduced inflammatory changes in the netrin-1-treated animals. Computed tomography corroborated reduced pulmonary damage in both netrin-1-treated groups. Conclusions: We conclude that treatment with the endogenous anti-inflammatory protein netrin-1 reduces pulmonary inflammation during the initial stages of ALI and should be pursued as a future therapeutic option.
Background: New drugs are constantly sought after to improve the survival of patients with malignant gliomas. The ideal substance would selectively target tumor cells without eliciting toxic side effects. Here, we report on the anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, and anti-invasive properties of the natural, nontoxic compound Curcumin observed in five human glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines in vitro. Methods: We used monolayer wound healing assays, modified Boyden chamber trans-well assays, and cell growth assays to quantify cell migration, invasion, and proliferation in the absence or presence of Curcumin at various concentrations. Levels of the transcription factor phospho-STAT3, a potential target of Curcumin, were determined by sandwich-ELISA. Subsequent effects on transcription of genes regulating the cell cycle were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Effects on apoptosis were determined by caspase assays. Results: Curcumin potently inhibited GBM cell proliferation as well as migration and invasion in all cell lines contingent on dose. Simultaneously, levels of the biologically active phospho-STAT3 were decreased and correlated with reduced transcription of the cell cycle regulating gene c-Myc and proliferation marking Ki-67, pointing to a potential mechanism by which Curcumin slows tumor growth. Conclusions: Curcumin is part of the diet of millions of people every day and is without known toxic side effects. Our data show that Curcumin bears anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, and anti-invasive properties against GBM cells in vitro. These results warrant further in vivo analyses and indicate a potential role of Curcumin in the treatment of malignant gliomas.
The physical and functional borders of transit peptide-like sequences in secondary endosymbionts
(2010)
Background: Plastids rely on protein supply by their host cells. In plastids surrounded by two membranes (primary plastids) targeting of these proteins is facilitated by an N-terminal targeting signal, the transit peptide. In secondary plastids (surrounded by three or four membranes), transit peptide-like regions are an essential part of a bipartite topogenic signal sequence (BTS), and generally found adjacent to a N-terminally located signal peptide of the plastid pre-proteins. As in primary plastids, for which no wealth of functional information about transit peptide features exists, the transit peptide-like regions used for import into secondary ones show some common features only, which are also poorly characterised. Results: We modified the BTS (in the transit peptide-like region) of the plastid precursor fucoxanthin-chlorophyll a/c binding protein D (FcpD) fused to GFP as model substrate for the characterisation of pre-protein import into the secondary plastids of diatoms. Thereby we show that (i) pre-protein import is highly charge dependent. Positive net charge is necessary for transport across the plastid envelope, but not across the periplastid membrane. Acidic net charge perturbs pre-protein import within the ER. Moreover, we show that (ii) the mature domain of the pre-protein can provide intrinsic transit peptide functions. Conclusions: Our results indicate important characteristics of targeting signals of proteins imported into secondary plastids surrounded by four membranes. In addition, we show a self-targeting mechanism, in which the mature protein domain contributes to the transit peptide function. Thus, this phenomenon lowers the demand for pre-sequences evolved during the course of endosymbiosis.
How is it possible to write about "American" habitus in general, when the United States is socially, geographically, ethically and politically so diverse? "The USA", it has been observed, "is not a country, it is a continent". The social forces and social processes shaping the habitus of Americans are multifarious. There has not, for example, ever been a single elite in the USA as a whole that has succeeded in monopolising the social "model-setting" function to the extent that was common in the history of many Western European countries. For the development of American habitus, Stephen Mennell advances a central proposition: His thesis is that the central historic experience shaping the social habitus of Americans is that of their country constantly becoming more powerful relative to its neighbours. This has had long-term and all-pervasive effects on the way Americans see themselves, on how they perceive the rest of the world, and how others see them.
Rhinoliths are mineralised foreign bodies in the nasal cavity that are a chance finding at anterior rhinoscopy. Undiscovered, they grow appreciably in size and can cause a foul-smelling nasal discharge and breathing problems. Giant nasal stones are now a very rare occurrence, since improved diagnostic techniques, such as endoscopic/microscopic rhinoscopy, now make it possible to identify foreign bodies at an early stage of development. We report the case of a 37-year-old patient who, at the age of 5-6 years, introduced a foreign body, probably a stone, into his right nasal cavity. On presentation, he complained of difficulty in breathing through the right nostril that had persisted for the last 10 years. For the past four years a strong fetid smell from the nose had been apparent to those in his vicinity. Under general anaesthesia, the stone was removed in toto from the right nasal cavity. The possible genesis of the rhinolith is discussed, our case compared with those described in the literature, and possible differential diagnoses are considered.
Nep1 (Emg1) is a highly conserved nucleolar protein with an essential function in ribosome biogenesis. A mutation in the human Nep1 homolog causes Bowen–Conradi syndrome—a severe developmental disorder. Structures of Nep1 revealed a dimer with a fold similar to the SPOUT-class of RNA-methyltransferases suggesting that Nep1 acts as a methyltransferase in ribosome biogenesis. The target for this putative methyltransferase activity has not been identified yet. We characterized the RNA-binding specificity of Methanocaldococcus jannaschii Nep1 by fluorescence- and NMR-spectroscopy as well as by yeast three-hybrid screening. Nep1 binds with high affinity to short RNA oligonucleotides corresponding to nt 910–921 of M. jannaschii 16S rRNA through a highly conserved basic surface cleft along the dimer interface. Nep1 only methylates RNAs containing a pseudouridine at a position corresponding to a previously identified hypermodified N1-methyl-N3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl) pseudouridine (m1acp3-Psi) in eukaryotic 18S rRNAs. Analysis of the methylated nucleoside by MALDI-mass spectrometry, HPLC and NMR shows that the methyl group is transferred to the N1 of the pseudouridine. Thus, Nep1 is the first identified example of an N1-specific pseudouridine methyltransferase. This enzymatic activity is also conserved in human Nep1 suggesting that Nep1 is the methyltransferase in the biosynthesis of m1acp3-Psi in eukaryotic 18S rRNAs.
The Road to God Knows Where
(2010)
Gott, Tod, Leid, Drogen, Liebe, Wahnsinn – all das sind Motive, die in den Texten Nick Caves immer wieder erscheinen. Ihnen verdankt er sein düsteres, depressives Image, das ihn seit dreißig Jahren in allen Rollen begleitet, die er nicht nur als Musiker, sondern auch als Schauspieler und selbst als Schriftsteller in der Musik- und Filmlandschaft spielt. Musikalisch-stilistisch setzt Cave Ende der 1970er Jahre mit seiner Band The Boys Next Door, die sich später in The Birthday Party umbenennen, in der frühen Punkszene an. Mit zusätzlichen Elementen aus Rock und Blues und seiner einzigartigen Stimme hat er mit seiner 1984 gegründeten, bis heute bestehenden Band The Bad Seeds – benannt nach dem Film THE BAD SEED von Mervin LeRoy (1956) über ein Kind, das mordet – seine ganz eigene Richtung gefunden.
This paper will examine the self-reported division of housework and childcare in Germany and Poland considering the job-related spatial mobility within dual-earner couples who are living in a household together with a partner, using 2007 data from the Job Mobility and Family Lives in Europe Project. We find that men who are spatially mobile for work often report shifting housework to their partners. Polish couples show a stronger tendency toward an egalitarian division of labor than German couples do, especially in terms of childcare. But the central finding of this research is, gender trumps national differences and spatial mobility constraints. Polish and German women, whether mobile for their work or not, report doing the majority of housework and childcare compared to their partners.
"You've heard of Oxford Circus, you've heard of Piccadilly Circus, and this is the Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus" - als Rolling-Stones-Frontmann Mick Jagger diesen Satz am 11. Dezember 1968 gegen 14 Uhr in der Montur eines Zirkusdirektors in die Kameras der BBC spricht, ahnt er mit Sicherheit noch nicht, was insbesondere er in den folgenden Wochen für einen beispiellosen Zirkus rund um diese Fernsehaufzeichnung veranstalten wird. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt, da die Bänder für die Aufzeichnung des 'Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus' gestartet werden, glaubt Jagger wohl noch, dass die TV-Sendung ein entspanntes Aufeinandertreffen mit befreundeten Rock'n'Roll-Größen wird; er glaubt wohl noch, dass der Auftritt der Rolling Stones am Ende des Konzertes zum furiosen Abschluss wird und die Performances der übrigen Bands in den Schatten stellt; und vor allem glaubt er wohl noch, dass der 'Rock and Roll Circus' wenige Wochen nach der Aufzeichnung über die heimischen Fernseher Großbritanniens flimmert. 15 Stunden später denkt Jagger über all dies anders. Aber der Reihe nach.
AS A MATTER OF COURSE, QUANTITATIVE DATA SUCH AS TIME SERIES AND QUARTERLY FIGURES ARE FREQUENTLY USED IN FINANCIAL ANALYSIS. SUCH DATA CAN BE PROCESSED AUTOMATICALLY AND INTERPRETED RATHER EFFICIENTLY. HOWEVER, A SIGNIFICANT PERCENTAGE OF RELEVANT INFORMATION ORIGINATES FROM UNSTRUCTURED SOURCES, PRIMARILY TEXTUAL DATA, WHICH REQUIRE MANUAL (HUMAN) INTERPRETATION. WE EXPLORE EMPIRICALLY HOW MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES CAN PROVIDE SUPPORT FOR ANALYZING AND INTERPRETING SUCH TEXTUAL DATA SOURCES.
This paper argues that the Fairtrade certification system represents an illuminating example of the challenge of systematically determining consumer and entrepreneurial responsibilities in our global age. In taking up the central question of what, if anything, may be called ‘just’ or ‘fair’ in Fairtrade, I more precisely argue for a two-fold thesis: that (1) a meaningful evaluation of Fairtrade must consider both an interactional and an (arguably prior) institutional understanding of global responsibilities to promote justice and that (2) Fairtrade can be better defended against several popular objections from the perspective of a theory that adequately differentiates between interactional responsibilities and institutional responsibilities of promoting justice under unjust circumstances.
The donor-free silanimines tBu2Si=N-SiRtBu2 (R = tBu, Ph), which are prepared from tBu2ClSiN3 and NaSiRtBu2 at −78 ◦C inBu2O, decompose in benzene at room temperature with the formation of isobutene. Products of ene reactions of isobutene and tBu2Si=N-SiRtBu2 (R = tBu, Ph) are formed. X-Ray quality crystals of H2C=C(CH2SitBu2-NH-SiPhtBu2)2 (monoclinic, space group C2/c, Z = 4) were grown from a benzene solution at ambient temperature, whereas single crystals of H2C=C(CH2SitBu2-NH-SitBu3)2 (monoclinic, space group P21, Z = 2) were obtained by recrystallization from THF.
"I wanted to capture the sights, the sounds, the smells, of a hard-working rock band on the road. And I got that. But I got more, a lot more." Mit diesen Worten leitet Regisseur Rob Reiner, der später für Filme wie "Harry und Sally" und die oscarprämierte Stephen-King-Verfilmung "Misery" verantwortlich war, in seiner Rolle als Dokumentarfilmer Marty DiBergi "This Is Spinal Tap" ein. Der Film ist eine so genannte Mockumentary, eine komödiantisch-parodistische Pseudo-Dokumentation, über die fiktive Metalband Spinal Tap.
Background: Thymostimulin is a thymic peptide fraction with immune-mediated cytotoxicity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro and palliative efficacy in advanced HCC in two independent phase II trials. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of thymostimulin in a phase III trial. Methods: The study was designed as a prospective randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter clinical phase III trial. Between 10/2002 and 03/2005, 135 patients with locally advanced or metastasised HCC (Karnofsky [greater than or equal to]60% / Child-Pugh [less than or equal to]12) were randomised to receive thymostimulin 75 mg s.c. 5x/week or placebo stratified according to liver function. Primary endpoint was twelve-month survival, secondary endpoints overall survival (OS), time to progression (TTP), tumor response, safety and quality of life. A subgroup analysis according to liver function, KPS and tumor stage (Okuda, CLIP and BCLC) formed part of the protocol. Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN64487365. Results: Twelve-month survival was 28% [95%CI 17-41; treatment] and 32% [95%CI 19-44; control] with no significant differences in median OS (5.0 [95% CI 3.7-6.3] vs. 5.2 [95% CI 3.5-6.9] months; p=0.87, HR=1.04 [95% CI 0.7-1.6]) or TTP (5.3 [95%CI 2.0-8.6] vs. 2.9 [95%CI 2.6-3.1] months; p=0.60, HR=1.13 [95% CI 0.7-1.8]). Adjustment for liver function, Karnofsky status or tumor stage did not affect results. While quality of life was similar in both groups, fewer patients on thymostimulin suffered from accumulating ascites and renal failure. Conclusions: In our phase III trial, we found no evidence of any benefit to thymostimulin in the treatment of advanced HCC and there is therefore no justification for its use as single-agent treatment. The effect of thymostimulin on hepato-renal function requires further confirmation. trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN64487365
Die Propyläen als Toranlage, die zur Akropolis führt, gaben der Kunstzeitschrift Propyläen (1798-1800) den Namen. Goethe gab sie heraus, um durch sie – wie durch ein Tor – die Kunst der Gegenwart zur Orientierung an der Antike zu führen. Das für die Zeitschrift grundlegende Motiv des Tores spielt eine Rolle auch in einem Artikel „Ueber Etrurische Monumente“, den Goethes Freund und Mitarbeiter Johann Heinrich Meyer anonym im ersten Band der Propyläen (S. 66-100) veröffentlichte.
Introduction: It has been proposed that individual genetic variation contributes to the course of severe infections and sepsis. Recent studies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the endotoxin receptor and its signaling system showed an association with the risk of disease development. This study aims to examine the response associated with genetic variations of TLR4, the receptor for bacterial LPS, and a central intracellular signal transducer (TIRAP/Mal) on cytokine release and for susceptibility and course of severe hospital acquired infections in distinct patient populations. Methods: Three intensive care units in tertiary care university hospitals in Greece and Germany participated. 375 and 415 postoperative patients and 159 patients with ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) were included. TLR4 and TIRAP/Mal polymorphisms in 375 general surgical patients were associated with risk of infection, clinical course and outcome. In two prospective studies, 415 patients following cardiac surgery and 159 patients with newly diagnosed VAP predominantly caused by Gram-negative bacteria were studied for cytokine levels in-vivo and after ex-vivo monocyte stimulation and clinical course. Results: Patients simultaneously carrying polymorphisms in TIRAP/Mal and TLR4 and patients homozygous for the TIRAP/Mal SNP had a significantly higher risk of severe infections after surgery (odds ratio (OR) 5.5; confidence interval (CI): 1.34 - 22.64; P = 0.02 and OR: 7.3; CI: 1.89 - 28.50; P < 0.01 respectively). Additionally we found significantly lower circulating cytokine levels in double-mutant individuals with ventilator associated pneumonia and reduced cytokine production in an ex-vivo monocyte stimulation assay, but this difference was not apparent in TIRAP/Mal-homozygous patients. In cardiac surgery patients without infection, the cytokine release profiles were not changed when comparing different genotypes. Conclusions: Carriers of mutations in sequential components of the TLR signaling system may have an increased risk for severe infections. Patients with this genotype showed a decrease in cytokine release when infected which was not apparent in patients with sterile inflammation following cardiac surgery.
Total Balalaika Show
(2010)
„Welcome to an outrageous spectacle!“, verkündet eine charmante Ansagerin mit enormer Haartolle, wie sie nur die Stirn eines Leningrad Cowboy zieren kann. Das Musikerkollektiv hat die totale Show initiiert und dafür die 100 Sänger, 40 Musiker und 20 Tänzer des Alexandrov-Ensembles der Roten Armee der unlängst zerfallenen Sowjetunion auf Bühne geladen. 70.000 Zuschauer strömen vor die gewaltige Freilichtbühne ins historische Zentrum Helsinkis. Sie erwarte ein einmaliges Ereignis in der finnischen Rockgeschichte, so die Musiker - und ein Crossover: von Klassik und Rock, von „Old and New, East and West“.
Orientation: The work of industrial/organisational (I/O) psychologists presents an interesting and relevant context for studying meaning and engagement as components of happiness. Research purpose: The aim of this study was to determine how I/O psychologists experience the meaning of their work and to investigate the relationships between their experiences of work-role fit, meaning of work, psychological meaningfulness and work engagement, utilising the happiness framework proposed by Seligman (2002). Motivation for the study: I/O psychologists spend more than 88% of their working day with people, and they are primary role models for happiness in the workplace. Information about their work engagement and experiences of meaning is therefore needed. Research design, approach and method: A survey design was used. A convenience sample (n = 106) was taken of I/O psychologists in South Africa. A biographical questionnaire, the Work-Role Fit Scale, the Work-Life Questionnaire, the Psychological Meaningfulness Scale, the Work Engagement Scale and a survey measuring the actual and desired time spent on six broad categories of work were administered. Main findings: Work-role fit predicted psychological meaningfulness and work engagement. The calling orientation to work predicted both psychological meaningfulness and work engagement. Work-role fit mediated the relationship between the meaning of work and psychological meaningfulness. Work-role fit partially mediated the relationship between a calling orientation to work and work engagement. Practical implications: A calling orientation to work should be fostered in I/O psychologists because it contributes to experiences of work-role fit, psychological meaningfulness and work engagement. Contribution/value-add: The results of this study contribute to scientific knowledge about work-role fit, engagement and meaning as components of happiness of I/O psychologists.
As an exemplum of that kind of “modern” art, in terms of Adorno, Kafka’s work is marked not only by its strictly “realistic” character, but also by the unavoidable critical and testimonial value of that realism. According to this perspective, both in Adorno and in Benjamin the testimonial aspect of Kafkian writing – that is of a writing as “dialectical image”, as memory of the unfullfilled possibility – it’s all the same not with its symbolical or “epiphanical” aspect but instead with its “allegorical” one.
Tracer measurements in the tropical tropopause layer during the AMMA/SCOUT-O3 aircraft campaign
(2010)
We present airborne in situ measurements made during the AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis)/SCOUT-O3 campaign between 31 July and 17 August 2006 on board the M55 Geophysica aircraft, based in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O were measured with the High Altitude Gas Analyzer (HAGAR), CO was measured with the Cryogenically Operated Laser Diode (COLD) instrument, and O<sub>3</sub> with the Fast Ozone ANalyzer (FOZAN). We analyze the data obtained during five local flights to study the dominant transport processes controlling the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) above West-Africa: deep convection up to the level of main convective outflow, overshooting of deep convection, horizontal inmixing across the subtropical tropopause, and horizontal transport across the subtropical barrier. Except for the flight of 13 August, distinct minima in CO<sub>2</sub> indicate convective outflow of boundary layer air in the TTL. The CO<sub>2</sub> profiles show that the level of main convective outflow was mostly located between 350 and 360 K, and for 11 August reached up to 370 K. While the CO<sub>2</sub> minima indicate quite significant convective influence, the O<sub>3</sub> profiles suggest that the observed convective signatures were mostly not fresh, but of older origin. When compared with the mean O<sub>3</sub> profile measured during a previous campaign over Darwin in November 2005, the O<sub>3</sub> minimum at the main convective outflow level was less pronounced over Ouagadougou. Furthermore O<sub>3</sub> mixing ratios were much higher throughout the whole TTL and, unlike over Darwin, rarely showed low values observed in the regional boundary layer. Signatures of irreversible mixing following overshooting of convective air were scarce in the tracer data. Some small signatures indicative of this process were found in CO<sub>2</sub> profiles between 390 and 410 K during the flights of 4 and 8 August, and in CO data at 410 K on 7 August. However, the absence of expected corresponding signatures in other tracer data makes this evidence inconclusive, and overall there is little indication from the observations that overshooting convection has a profound impact on TTL composition during AMMA. We find the amount of photochemically aged air isentropically mixed into the TTL across the subtropical tropopause to be not significant. Using the N<sub>2</sub>O observations we estimate the fraction of aged extratropical stratospheric air in the TTL to be 0.0±0.1 up to 370 K during the local flights, increasing above this level to 0.2±0.15 at 390 K. The subtropical barrier, as indicated by the slope of the correlation between N<sub>2</sub>O and O<sub>3</sub> between 415 and 490 K, does not appear as a sharp border between the tropics and extratropics, but rather as a gradual transition region between 10 and 25° N latitude where isentropic mixing between these two regions may occur.
Transcripts of NANOG and OCT4 have been recently identified in human t(4;11) leukemia and in a model system expressing both t(4;11) fusion proteins. Moreover, downstream target genes of NANOG/OCT4/SOX2 were shown to be transcriptionally activated. However, the NANOG1 gene belongs to a gene family, including a gene tandem duplication (named NANOG2 or NANOGP1) and several pseudogenes (NANOGP2-P11). Thus, it was unclear which of the NANOG family members were transcribed in t(4;11) leukemia cells. 5'-RACE experiments revealed novel 5'-exons of NANOG1 and NANOG2, which could give rise to the expression of two different NANOG1 and three different NANOG2 protein variants. Moreover, a novel PCR-based method was established that allows distinguishing between transcripts deriving from NANOG1, NANOG2 and all other NANOG pseudogenes (P2–P11). By applying this method, we were able to demonstrate that human hematopoietic stem cells and different leukemic cells transcribe NANOG2. Furthermore, we functionally tested NANOG1 and NANOG2 protein variants by recombinant expression in 293 cells. These studies revealed that NANOG1 and NANOG2 protein variants are functionally equivalent and activate a regulatory circuit that activates specific stem cell genes. Therefore, we pose the hypothesis that the transcriptional activation of NANOG2 represents a ‘gain-of-stem cell function’ in acute leukemia.
Sacoglossan sea slugs are unique in the animal kingdom in that they sequester and maintain active plastids that they acquire from the siphonaceous algae upon which they feed, making the animals photosynthetic. While most sacoglossan species digest their freshly ingested plastids within hours, four species from the family Plakobranchidae retain their stolen plastids (kleptoplasts) in a photosynthetically active state on time scales of weeks to months. The molecular basis of plastid maintenance within the cytosol of digestive gland cells in these photosynthetic metazoans is yet unknown, but is widely thought to involve gene transfer from the algal food source to the slugs based upon previous investigations of single genes. Indeed, normal plastid development requires hundreds of nuclear-encoded proteins, with protein turnover in photosystem II in particular known to be rapid under various conditions. Moreover, only algal plastids, not the algal nuclei, are sequestered by the animals during feeding. If algal nuclear genes are transferred to the animal either during feeding or in the germ line, and if they are expressed, then they should be readily detectable with deep-sequencing methods. We have sequenced expressed mRNAs from actively photosynthesizing, starved individuals of two photosynthetic sea slug species, Plakobranchus ocellatus Van Hasselt, 1824 and Elysia timida Risso, 1818. We find that nuclear-encoded, algal-derived genes specific to photosynthetic function are expressed neither in P. ocellatus nor in E. timida. Despite their dramatic plastid longevity, these photosynthetic sacoglossan slugs do not express genes acquired from algal nuclei in order to maintain plastid function.
Understanding causal relationships, or effective connectivity, between parts of the brain is of utmost importance because a large part of the brain’s activity is thought to be internally generated and, hence, quantifying stimulus response relationships alone does not fully describe brain dynamics. Past efforts to determine effective connectivity mostly relied on model based approaches such as Granger causality or dynamic causal modeling. Transfer entropy (TE) is an alternative measure of effective connectivity based on information theory. TE does not require a model of the interaction and is inherently non-linear. We investigated the applicability of TE as a metric in a test for effective connectivity to electrophysiological data based on simulations and magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings in a simple motor task. In particular, we demonstrate that TE improved the detectability of effective connectivity for non-linear interactions, and for sensor level MEG signals where linear methods are hampered by signal-cross-talk due to volume conduction.
Presenting the actual theoretical debates (of Göhlich, Welsch, de Nancy, Bachmann-Medick) with respect to the concept of transculturality, underlining the related aspects such as hybridity, intertextuality, globalisation, the author traces the aspects of transculturality in the process of the translations from Romanian to German. The success of the literary transfer is conditioned by the intra- and intercultural competence, by the knowledge of the identity factors, of the specific operational frame and of the key texts (translations or originals) from the literatures that come into contact with it. As in other countries, where there are specific basic cultural notions with a certain symbolic charge like „birch” in Russia, „hut” in the Czech republic, the traditional cultural universe affirmatively or polemically resorts to cultural words such as „plai” (poetic realm), „codru” (forest), „mioritic” (mioritical). Tracing by means of rich examples the history of translations, the author distinguishes the stages of translations motivated by philological, ethnographic, political interests and lastly and parallel to it, by aesthetical interests. These translations contribute to the identitary image of the Romanians, being normally recorded with an increased attention and sensibility. Concretely applying the discussed theoretical concepts on a text, the author presents the German translation of an essayistic text by Andrei Pleşu, arguing the possible interest of the German public for the writer, emphasizing the ironical hybrid and ludic signs that are important for the translation, with all untranslatabilities of the word games, in order to find at least an adequate, if not equivalent, transfer. The annotations and the translation (starting with the analysis of the title) constitute a demonstration of transculturality applied live.
Structured RNA regions are important gene control elements in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Here, we show that the mRNA of a cyanobacterial heat shock gene contains a built-in thermosensor critical for photosynthetic activity under stress conditions. The exceptionally short 5´-untranslated region is comprised of a single hairpin with an internal asymmetric loop. It inhibits translation of the Synechocystis hsp17 transcript at normal growth conditions, permits translation initiation under stress conditions and shuts down Hsp17 production in the recovery phase. Point mutations that stabilized or destabilized the RNA structure deregulated reporter gene expression in vivo and ribosome binding in vitro. Introduction of such point mutations into the Synechocystis genome produced severe phenotypic defects. Reversible formation of the open and closed structure was beneficial for viability, integrity of the photosystem and oxygen evolution. Continuous production of Hsp17 was detrimental when the stress declined indicating that shutting-off heat shock protein production is an important, previously unrecognized function of RNA thermometers. We discovered a simple biosensor that strictly adjusts the cellular level of a molecular chaperone to the physiological need.
A comprehensive evaluation of seasonal backward trajectories initialized in the Northern Hemisphere lowermost stratosphere (LMS) has been performed to investigate the origin of air parcels and the main mechanisms determining characteristic structures in H2O and CO within the LMS. In particular we explain the fundamental role of the transit time since last tropopause crossing (tTST) for the chemical structure of the LMS as well as the feature of the extra-tropical tropopause transition layer (ExTL) as identified from CO profiles. The distribution of H2O in the background LMS above Θ=320 K and 340 K in northern winter and summer, respectively, is found to be governed mainly by the saturation mixing ratio, which in turn is determined by the Lagrangian Cold Point (LCP) encountered by each trajectory. Most of the backward trajectories from this region in the LMS experienced their LCP in the tropics and sub-tropics. The transit time since crossing the tropopause from the troposphere to the stratosphere (tTST) is independent of the H2O value of the air parcel. TST often occurs 20 days after trajectories have encountered their LCP. CO, on the other hand, depends strongly on tTST due to its finite lifetime. The ExTL as identified from CO measurements is then explained as a layer of air just above the tropopause, which on average encountered TST fairly recently.
A comprehensive evaluation of seasonal backward trajectories initialized in the northern hemisphere lowermost stratosphere (LMS) has been performed to investigate the factors that determine the temporal and spatial structure of troposphere-to-stratosphere-transport (TST) and it’s impact on the LMS. In particular we explain the fundamental role of the transit time since last TST (tTST) for the chemical composition of the LMS. According to our results the structure of the LMS can be characterized by a layer with tTST<40 days forming a narrow band around the local tropopause. This layer extends about 30K above the local dynamical tropopause, corresponding to the extratropical tropopause transition layer (ExTL) as identified by CO. The LMS beyond this layer shows a relatively well defined separation as marked by an aprupt transition to longer tTST indicating less frequent mixing and a smaller fraction of tropospheric air. Thus the LMS constitutes a region of two well defined regimes of tropospheric influence. These can be characterized mainly by different transport times from the troposphere and different fractions of tropospheric air. Carbon monoxide (CO) mirrors this structure of tTST due to it’s finite lifetime on the order of three months. Water vapour isopleths, on the other hand, do not uniquely indicate TST and are independent of tTST, but are determined by the Lagrangian Cold Point (LCP) of air parcels. Most of the backward trajectories from the LMS experienced their LCP in the tropics and sub-tropics, and TST often occurs 20 days after trajectories have encountered their LCP. Therefore, ExTL properties deduced from CO and H2O provide totally different informations on transport and particular TST for the LMS.
The inclusive charged particle transverse momentum distribution is measured in proton–proton collisions at s=900 GeV at the LHC using the ALICE detector. The measurement is performed in the central pseudorapidity region (|η|<0.8) over the transverse momentum range 0.15<pT<10 GeV/c. The correlation between transverse momentum and particle multiplicity is also studied. Results are presented for inelastic (INEL) and non-single-diffractive (NSD) events. The average transverse momentum for |η|<0.8 is 〈pT〉INEL=0.483±0.001 (stat.)±0.007 (syst.) GeV/c and 〈pT〉NSD=0.489±0.001 (stat.)±0.007 (syst.) GeV/c, respectively. The data exhibit a slightly larger 〈pT〉 than measurements in wider pseudorapidity intervals. The results are compared to simulations with the Monte Carlo event generators PYTHIA and PHOJET.
Der Aufsatz bringt Edward W. Sojas Idee einer Trialektik des Raumes, Homi K. Bhabhas Begriff des Zwischenraums sowie Michel Foucaults Konzept der Heterotopien mit der Betrachtung des filmischen Raumes in Verbindung. Dabei steht die Frage im Vordergrund wie der Film und der in ihm gezeigte Raum das Raumdenken eines « spatial turn » in Zeiten globaler Bilder- und Menschenwanderungen transportieren kann. Der Blick auf den Raum konzentriert sich auf die Darstellung der französischen Großstadt Paris im Film und die damit in Verbindung zu bringende Dialektik von Zentrum und Peripherie. In einem ersten Schritt wird untersucht wie sich im Kontext fortschreitender Entterritorialisierungen eine städtische Segregation konstituiert, auf die in einem zweiten Untersuchungsschritt durch den Film erneut Bezug genommen wird. Eine Brücke zwischen der Imagination des Films und der Frage nach der Vorstellung des realen Raums schlägt der Rückgriff auf Foucault und Soja. Mit der Betrachtung des filmischen Raumes und des Filmbildes als Heterotopie oder Thirdspace ist es möglich, den im Film dargestellten Raum nicht allein durch eine ästhetisch-interpretative Folie zu betrachten, sondern die Grenzen zwischen filmischer Imagination und einer de facto Realität im Kontext des Raum-Denkens zu transzendieren
Tato esej je věnována významu citového vývoje ve dvou povídkách Sophie von La Rocheové – nebo přesněji řečeno – je věnována pláči a slzám jejích protagonistů. Perspektiva autorky obrácená na důleţitost rovnováhy mezi autentickým cítěním a poučeným myšlením se objevuje v celém jejím literárním díle a pro ni byla autorka často kritizována pro svou příslušnost k literárnímu hnutí sentimentalismu. Analýza příběhu Eduarda Rose a Elisy Blumenthalové ilustruje, jak byl pohled La Rocheové na harmonický vnitřní vývoj a úspěšné vzdělání ve skutečnosti vyváţený. Pláč se tu více neţ znamením slabosti stává prostředkem růstu (a síly) resp. emancipace od starých struktur. Eduard a Elise se (slzami, odvahou a učením) dokáţou dostat na novou úroveņ ve svých ţivotech a získají nakonec jakés-takés štěstí a společenský status, v níţ jsou schopni fungovat jako citlivé a osvícené figury.
The mass-dependent structure of the composite nucleus is shown based on three-dimensional timedependent Hartree-Fock calculations with Skyrme interactions (SLy4d and SkM*). One remarkable result is that the isovector monopole excitation dominantly appears for collisions of heavy nuclei, and the isovector dipole excitation for those of light ones. Such a difference found in the dynamical structure of composite nucleus plays a role in the equilibration of charge.
The first measurement of two-pion Bose–Einstein correlations in central Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. We observe a growing trend with energy now not only for the longitudinal and the outward but also for the sideward pion source radius. The pion homogeneity volume and the decoupling time are significantly larger than those measured at RHIC.
U2 3D
(2010)
Viele Rockumentaries haben das Ziel, nicht nur ein Konzert, ein Festival, eine Tournee oder eine Band zu porträtieren, sondern auch das Gefühl zu vermitteln, wie es war, dabeigewesen zu sein. Dazu lädt vor allem das anwesende Publikum ein, weshalb Bilder vom Publikum, die die emotionale Angerührtheit oder auch nur die Begeisterung der Fans zeigen, zu den Standardbildern fast aller Rockfilme zählen. Gleichwohl bleibt eine große Differenz zwischen Real-Geschehen und Film bestehen, so intensiv auch der Wunsch des Zuschauers sein mag, den Film als Medium eines imaginären Dabeigewesenseins zu nutzen. Die seit wenigen Jahren sich ausbreitende 3D-Kinematographie scheint zumindest auf den ersten Blick jenem Wunsch nach intensiver Illusionierung entgegenzukommen. Sie scheint ein räumliches Erlebnis zu ermöglichen, das dem Realeindruck näher kommt als die normale 2D-Darstellung. Natürlich gibt es schon diverse Filme, die in 3D gezeigt werden können, jedoch war die Aufnahmetechnik, besonders die Kamera, sehr teuer, sehr kompliziert und sehr groß. Eine Lösung für diese Probleme bietet die digitale Technik.