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Die floristische Untersuchung epiphytischer Moose auf Stämmen der Baumfarne Cyathea arborea und Dicksonia sellowiana belegt eine große Artenvielfalt von Laub- und Lebermoosen. Von insgesamt 142 Arten wurden 20 in mehr als 10 % der Aufnahmen nachgewiesen; 77 Arten kamen nur 1 bis 3 mal vor. Es wurden fünf neue Assoziationen in zwei neuen Ordnungen beschrieben: Die Assoziationen der Ordnung Hymenodontetalia aeruginosae (Syrrhopodetum proliferi, Porotricho-Syrrhopodetum incompleti und Orthostichello-Syrrhopodetum parasitici) kommen fast ausschließlich auf Cyathea arborea vor. Sie bevorzugen luftfeuchte Habitate in Küstenregenwäldern, Nebelwäldern und in Feuchtwäldern landeinwärts der Küstengebirge. Das Campylopodetum extincti und das Campylopodetum occulti aus der neuen Ordnung Syrrhopodetetalia gaudichaudii bevorzugen Dicksonia sellowiana als Phorophyt. Daher trifft man diese Assoziationen hauptsächlich auf dem Planalto der südlichen Staaten Brasiliens an, wo Araukarienwald vorherrschend ist. In beiden Ordnungen sind die beherrschenden Wuchsformen Filze und Decken (meist Lebermoose). Die charakteristischen Elemente der Hymenodetetalia aeruginosae waren die Kurzrasen und vom Substrat abstehende Lebensformen (Bäumchen, Wedel, Schweif). Für die Ordnung Syrrhopodetetalia gaudichaudii sind dagegen die Kurzrasen-Polster-Mischform und Hochrasen typisch, die sich v.a. aus Camyplopus- und Syrrhopodon-Arten zusammensetzen.
A study of an isotype of Bryum arachnoideum C. Müll., a poorly understood species described from tropical Africa, revealed that this species is distinct from B. argenteum Hedw. var. lanatum (P. Beauv.) Hampe. The differences between both species are listed. All specimens from tropical Africa named as B. arachnoideum by the author must be attributed to B. argenteum var. lanatum. The differences between B. argenteum var. argenteum and var. lanatum, both morphologically and ecologically, are so important that it is proposed to treat var. lanatum on a species level as B. lanatum (P. Beauv.) Brid.
Chile and New Zealand share a common stock of 181 species of mosses in 94 genera and 34 families. This number counts for 23.3% of the Chilean and 34.6% of the New Zealand moss flora. If only species with austral distribution are taken into account, the number is reduced to 113 species in common, which is 14.5% of the Chilean and 21.6% of the New Zealand moss flora. This correlation is interpreted in terms of long distance dispersal resp. the common phytogeographical background of both countries as parts of the palaoaustral floristic region and compared with disjunct moss floras of other continents as well as the presently available molecular data.
The bryophyte vegetation in twenty-eight hectare plots in forests of S-Chile between 38° and 42°S and sea level and the forest line has been studied. Since bryophytes are fully dependend on atmospheric water and nutrient supply, they are good indicators of ecological conditions, especially for humidity. Therefore cover of epiphytic bryophytes, percentage of hepatics, composition of life forms and phytomass of epiphytic bryophytes were used as parameters. Cover and phytomass of epiphytic bryophytes as well as percentage of hepatics show moderate values in the lowlands, peak values in the montane belt (400-800m) and low values in the high montane to subalpine forests. This zonation corresponds with the composition of life forms and is attributed to a higher humidity in the montane belt. Life forms characteristic for the lowlands and submontane belts are pendants, those for the montane belt are wefts and tails, and those for the high montane and and subalpine belts are mats and cushions. The same zonation is found in New Zealand at comparable latitudes. The altitudinal differences are much stronger than the latitudinal ones. Compared with similar transect studies in New Zealand, there is a comparable zonation based on bryphytes. The percentage of hepatics as a good indicator of humidity, is – both in Chile and New Zealand - higher in the transects along the coast with higher precipitation, lower in transects in the inland with less precipitation, and increasing with altitude. Compared with tropical rain forests, the “mossiness” of temperate rain forests expressed by phytomass of epiphytic bryophytes per hectare, cover and percentage of hepatics is comparable to tropical rain forests above 2000 m, which is the corresponding elevation with regard to the mean annual precipitation. In Chile, however, there is a distinct decrease of “mossiness” in the high montane and subalpine forests, which is attributed to special climatological conditions, whereas bryophytes reach maximum cover and phytomass in the tropical high montane and subalpine forests. A comparison with montane forests in Europe in 48°N reveal, that phytomass and percentage of hepatics is distinctly less than in the true rain forests of the southern hemisphere.