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Ist der Pflegenotstand unabwendbar? : Über die Zukunft der Pflegeversicherung: Defizite und Lösungen
(2007)
Über die gesetzliche Pflegeversicherung wird seit der Verabschiedung des Gesetzes zur sozialen Absicherung des Risikos der Pflegebedürftigkeit (PflegeVersG oder SGB XI) im April 1994 kontrovers diskutiert. Ganz oben auf der politischen Agenda steht dieses Thema wieder seit der jüngsten Debatte zur Gesundheitsreform. Während die CDU/CSU-regierten Länder für eine private, kapitalgedeckte Zusatzversicherung eintreten, favorisieren SPDLänder eine »Bürgerversicherung« auch für die Pflegeversicherung. ...
This paper examines thoroughly the Chilean Pension Reform, giving first an overview of the mandatory saving plan, the relevant institutions, and the rules for transition from the old to the new system. The main part of the paper contains a critical evaluation of the reform, in particular the macroeconomic performance with respect to capital formation and growth, and the effects on the savings rate as well as on the rates of return and labor market are discussed. Furthermore, the development of capital markets is reviewed. A short critique is presented with respect to intergenerational distribution and risk sharing as well as with respect to the social consequences. This paper is the result of a CFS sponsored research project. A preliminary version was presented at the meeting of the committee of Social Policy of the Verein fuer Socialpolitik, May 1999 and at the 55th Congress of IIPF, 23-26 August 1999, in Moskow.
Vulnerability comes, according to Orio Giarini, with two risks: human-made risks, also called entrepreneurial risks, and natural or pure risks such as accidents and earthquakes. Both types of risk are growing in dimension and are increasingly interrelated. To control the vulnerability, sophisticated insurance products are called for. Here, mutual insurance is relevant, in particular when risks are large, probabilities uncertain or unknown, and events interrelated or correlated. In this paper the following three examples are discussed and the advantages of mutual insurance are shown: unknown probabilities connected with unforeseeable events, correlated risks and macroeconomic or demographic risks.
