Germanistik, Deutsche Sprache und Literatur
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The new forms and practices of communication on the Internet open up an interdisciplinary field of research within which social media interaction is a central research area. In the first months after the outbreak of the Corona pandemic (2020), fake news has been spread massively via social media. Social media data allow the extraction of large amounts of data and can be used in a variety of ways, e.g., to detect side effects of drugs or to identify groups of people who are critical of certain treatments. Drawing on comments on the discussion platform Reddit, the article reveals the role of everyday experience in fixing knowledge about the placebo effect.
The German newspaper in Romania Neuer Weg, whose first issue appeared on March 13, 1949, was addressed to the German-language readership and was at the same time a propaganda tool of the Romanian Communist Party. The overall aim of the whole press of that time was to support the social, political, economic and cultural changes that the first years of the so-called popular democratic construction brought. For this reason, the present work intends to analyse the features of the communist discourse in the press, examining the socialist use of language and highlighting the linguistic peculiarities. The author takes the standpoint of pragma linguistics in the study and evaluation of the linguistic data and starts from the concept of the so-called wooden language.
The article intends to present some facts about the medieval history of the Saxons in the Wallachian town of Câmpulung Muscel/Langenau. German-speaking colonists were settled in Langenau around the 13th century, and their traces can be followed until the middle of the 18th century. A German language document from the 16th century will serve as an illustration, depicting the relations between the Transylvanian Saxons from Râșnov/Rosenau and the population of Câmpulung Muscel/Langenau. The linguistic peculiarities of the document are discussed, as well as the problems of its transcription, which led to different publication variants. This document is also interesting because it contains many Romanian names of persons.
The article deals with the educational language German at German schools abroad and DSD schools in Romania. Schools in regions with autochthonous German minorities are given special consideration, as these contribute to the preservation of the minority‘s cultural identity. Existing empirical studies on language use and language retention at DSD schools are discussed and it is proposed that analyzes should not only be devoted to the norm-orientation in the language use of pupils, but to interactive processes in subject teaching.
Stellenanzeigen in Zeitungen: eine vergleichende Studie anhand deutscher
und kamerunischer Texte
(2023)
Across different cultures in the world, companies recruit new workers by publishing job announcement in newspapers. This contribution examines job announcement in German and Cameroonians newspapers in order to bring out theirs similarities and differences. The analysis reveals that job announcements in both countries are quite similar as far as the communication situation is concerned. Differences and similarities appear in text structure and in the usage of linguistic items.
This paper highlights the theoretical foundations of the turn from the classical understanding of translation as the interlingual transmission of texts to the broader and partly metaphorical conception of translation as the transfer and mediation of different types of spatial and temporal boundaries. The intersection of fictional memory with translation will be explored in the context of theoretical considerations for establishing a framework for analysing the role of translates in circulating transcultural memory.
This study aims to present the linguistic landscape of a transylvanian city, namely Mediaș, using the Linguistic Landscape method. It is investigated in which areas of the public space the languages of the historical national minorities are present. The corpus includes inscriptions from the public space that have been analysed and classified according to certain criteria.
One of the most memorable moments of Joe Biden’s inauguration as president of the USA was that of Amanda Gorman reciting her inaugural poem The Hill we Climb. The translation of this text led to a far-reaching controversy in the international media while at the same time raising a series of theoretical questions in the field of translation studies. The present paper intends to discuss certain theoretical issues such as the translator’s visibility and literary translation related to forms and relations of power by placing them in the context of the shift of theoretical paradigms in translation studies which started in the second half of the 20th century.
The article is devoted to a historical German settlement in present-day Slovakia, since the small German minority of the lumberjacks/woodcutters (Slovak. Huncokári) has received little attention. The urgency of the need for research is also pointed out, since there are only very few speakers of this dialect left. The article therefore informs about some background of the settlement history, the present state and about approaches for ethnological field research.
The present article initially covers the meaning of Pomānǝ, a noun loaned from the Romanian language into certain idioms and collocations of the TransylvaninSaxon vernacular. It goes on to cover this loan word‘s constructions documented in the North-Transylvanian craft vocabulary, mainly hybrid formations, including their meaning and their type of word formation. The verb pomenin loaned from the Romanian language into the Transylvanian-Saxon vernacular is presented in its transitive, intransitive as well as reflexive usage in meaningful vernacular records and outlines its morphological integration into the Transylvanin-Saxon language. Both loan words come with etymological explanations. The vernacular records are taken from South Transylvanian and North Transylvanian specialist and vernacular literature as well as from the Transylvanian-Saxon Dictionary.
The article deals with the promotion of the German language abroad through Germany’s foreign cultural and educational policy. An important concern of the German intermediary organizations abroad is access to culture and education across geographic, political and social borders, but scientific and economic policy. interests, which benefit the needs of the German market, also play a major role. Regarding the fact that more and more skilled workers who are ultimately lacking in their countries of origin are migrating to Germany, the article questions whether it is always a so-called triple-win model.
A.E. Johann (1901-1996), relying on his experience of over sixty years of travelling around the world, left behind a wealth of literary and journalist material, in which he often addresses topics and issues related to the United States of America. This paper’s objective is to analyze the reflections and observations of this writer and journalist included in the travel report from the period of the Weimar Republic and entitled America. Untergang am Überfluß (1932) as compared with his later creative output of a more autobiographical nature and developed between 1989 to 1992 (Dies wilde Jahrhundert, 1989; Schön war die Welt. Erinnerungen an die großen Reisen, 1992). Thus, continuity and change in his perception and image of America will be investigated; moreover, at attempt will be made to answer the question to what extent this perception and image have evolved throughout six decades (or one should rather ask why this image hardly changes with the passage of time and the emergence of new circumstances). This once very popular writer, whose books were sold in high volume, for many years could not enjoy the attention and focus of literary scholars. Accordingly, this paper aims to expand the knowledge about him and boost the discussion on German (anti-) Americanism.
Cosmin, a twelve-year-old Roma boy from Transylvania, only goes to school for a short while. For his mother, it is more important, that he, the only male of a household with many mouths to feed, help her with work. But Cosmin’s teacher does not give up and proposes a bargain: If Cosmin’s mother lets her children go to school, she will get electricity from the school to be able to watch TV. Due to this arrangement, Cosmin returns to school for a few days, becomes a little thief and embarks on a journey that can become an opportunity for him. A kind of a bildungsroman, a coming of age novel focused on the ups and downs between two worlds on Romanian soil, that could not be more different from one another: the Romanian majority and the Roma minority. This article sets out to document life at the brink of society, with all of its facets.
The stories about the Vaser Valley in the northern Romanian Forest Carpathians have not only fascinated the population of the region, but also famous writers who have always tried to collect the stories and tales from the historical region of the Vaser Valley. The best-known author of this region, who turned his lifelong work into this spectacular project, is the German-speaking ethnologist and writer, of Romanian origin, Anton-Joseph Ilk. His book Die mythische Welt des Wassertales includes a remarkable collection of legends and tales from this region, presented in their orally transmitted stories. The main themes of the stories naturally include customs and traditions, whereby certain values and principles were passed on not only to he children and grandchildren, but also to all succeeding generations.
In the context of the emergence of various online dictionaries and platforms that also address phraseological units, their usefulness is being questioned and their potential examined in order to illustrate new directions in the development of digital phraseography. The article shows special traits in the formation of lexicographical content in two selected online dictionaries, using the lemma “cat” as example.
The novel “Wasserzeichen” was published at the Pop Publishing House in Ludwigsburg, Germany, in 2018. The destiny of the main character of the aforementioned literary work is undoubtedly linked to the Transylvanian city of Cluj-Napoca. After finishing high school in Brașov, the young Eginald – who is not the same as the author of the novel – arrives in Cluj-Napoca where he first goes to the Faculty of Protestant Theology, from which he is relegated; afterwards, he starts the courses of another faculty, but before finishing his studies he is arrested by the Securitate. The life story of the young Transylvanian Saxon turns out to be a troubled one – full of defining experiences for his existence. Due to the relationships with the people whom he meets there, the romantic entanglements, and the betrayals he experiences, he matures quickly. The 1st person narrator becomes a true man in this predestinate space.
In comparison to the Transsylvanian-Saxon or to the German-speaking Bukowina literature the modernists exerted a more reduced influence on the literature of the Banat Swabians. Franz Xaver Kappus (1883-1966) influenced the literary modernists in the Western part of Romania especially through his expressionistic texts. He became famous thanks to his correspondence with Rainer Maria Rilke. The masterpiece Die lebenden Vierzehn (The Fourteeen Survivors) (1918) is swayed by a collective catastrophe and represents a certain kind of utopia, which anticipates the end of the world. A dread causing image with a peculiar unreality shapes the event. Kappus’ fantasy does not shrink back from images of dread and horror. As in the expressionistic literature any destruction of the harmonious beautiful principle comes about in dread. The grotesque features belong to the expressionistic character of the book. It is interesting that the dreadful and the grotesque show their demonic side and with it they destroy the familiar reality. Such a development demonstrates that Kappus follows a tradition to which also E. T. A. Hoffmann, Frank Wedekind, Franz Kafka or Georg Heym belong. There are also streaks of naturalism in the novel.
The German-speaking Saxon minority from Transylvania, a region in Romania, has almost disappeared due to the historical events after World War II and the fall of communism in December 1989. Therefore, the literary work that was created before 1990 is often considered to be a “lieu de mémoire”, a place of remembrance, for the Saxon culture. This article deals with the question whether Maria Haydl’s short stories can be considered as such or do they show too much influence of the politically imposed writing style in order to be authentic.
The present study shed some light on the socalled Türkenbüchlein (The Turks Booklet) by analyzing, in what extent, a literary work on the history, culture, and religion of the Turks a widely disseminated book in the 15th century, belonging to Georg from Hungary (also “Der Ungenannte Mühlbächer,” “Rumeser Student,” Captivus Septemcastrensis, c. 1422–3 July 1502), is still worth reading. Undoubtedly, it would be necessary to investigate what made the book so popular in the past and what could make it a bestseller today. The article reveals the story of the book`s creation and success, as well as, the multifaceted personality of the main character.
In his tale „Der Wortmann“, the Transylvanian-German author Traugott Teutsch tells the story of Peter Emerich, an influent man in his community, who is keen on getting rich and climbing up the social ladder, while preserving the image of an honest person. The article follows through different stages the evolution of his mindset up to the point where he repents of his past actions, tries to make amends for some of his mistakes and decides to lead an unselfish life of faithful service to the community. Guilt, repentance and redemption are some of the main topics followed in this article, which constituted also some of the founding stones of the Transylvanian-German collective mentality.
This paper is an attempt to peel out the core of historical and autobiographical reality in Klara Blumʼs poems, to show their militant character and ideological limits, and to analyze them as contemporary documents whose relevance lies less in the originality of their language than in the consistency of their historical and intellectual substance.
All three hitherto published novels by Dana Grigorcea do explicitly refer to Romania. Had her first novel been set in the Danube Delta and her second in Bucharest, so the plot of the recently released novel "Die nicht sterben" is located in the touristic town B. (= Buşteni) at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains. Based on Bram Stoker’s Dracula as literary pre-text, the plot of "Die nicht sterben" interweaves elements of Romanian history, Romanian contemporary events as well as elements of the family history of the first-person narrator. The present paper is focused especially on the female narrator’s bodily, erotic and flying fantasies. The social and moral revolt which manifests itself first and foremost in the vampiresses’ urge to impale, subsides in the end in uncritical idyllic and narcissistic self-reflection.
Die Essayistik Herta Müllers
(2022)
The article follows the two volumes of essays The King Bows and Kills (2003) and Always the same snow and always the same uncle (2011) written by Herta Müller. Politics and aesthetics define the Nobel laureate’s writing, with her essays anchored in Romania’s recent history. They are of a political nature, offer retrospectives on their life in Romania beyond the Iron Curtain, insights into the dictatorial past, persecution by the secret service, the betrayal of closest friends, but also contain reflections on the role of the language, the preference for Romanian, on the use of “The King” in their fictional texts, explain their “alien gaze”. Always the same snow and always the same uncle focuses on the deportation of the Romanian Germans to the Ukraine, with the information serving as a companion work to the novel Hunger angel. The betrayal of closest friends is also discussed, whereby the insight into their files and the past of Oskar Pastior/Otto Stein’s files are used.
Using the example of Herta Müller‘s novels written after her emigration into the Federal Republic of Germany, the article shows how digital tools can be used to classify the fragmented space that unfolds in the writings of the Nobel Prize winner into a clear model structure. Quantitative research methods are combined with a database-driven GIS analysis toolkit to illustrate the weighting of the fictionalized locations given their gravity centers and polarities. The series of maps show both the density and spread of the action places, as well as the meanings which are attached to the literary space.
Der Klimawandel ist nicht die einzige drängende Zukunftsfrage, der sich die Menschheit stellen muss. Ein genauerer Blick in die Literatur des 20. Jahrhunderts zeigt, dass etliche namhafte Literaten sich in ihren Werken mit der systemischen Transformation ökologischer Systeme durch den Menschen auseinandergesetzt haben.
"En tierras bajas" de Herta Müller: mirada crítica hacia las cicatrices de una infancia irrespirable
(2016)
A través de la mirada y la voz narrativa de una niña rumana, la escritora Herta Müller nos acerca con su ópera prima Niederungen (En tierras bajas) a las cicatrices aún hoy vivas de su propia infancia en un pequeño pueblo ubicado en la región de Timisoara en la época de la dictadura de Nicolae Ceaucescu. Este artículo pretende una aproximación crítica a la recurrente temática centrada en la denuncia del país dejado atrás por la escritora tras su experiencia de exilio a la entonces Alemania occidental en el año 1987. Un análisis crítico de esta primera obra publicada por Müller en lengua alemana nos acerca a la literatura intercultural de la escritora migrante rumano-alemana cuya calidad y trayectoria literaria la hizo merecedora en 2009 del Premio Nobel de Literatura.
Grenzenloser Reichtum und schier unerschöpfliche Geldquellen – diese Träume sind der Stoff, aus dem unzählige Geschichten narratives Kapital schlagen. Der Mythos von König Midas oder die Comics mit Dagobert Duck gehören zu den prominentesten Vertretern solcher Erzählungen. Der Fortunatus hingegen, in dem ein Geld produzierender Zauberbeutel die Geschicke bestimmt, ist weitgehend in Vergessenheit geraten. Dabei kann gerade dieser Roman, der 1509 in Augsburg anonym veröffentlicht wurde, in doppelter Hinsicht als ein Pionier der Literaturgeschichte gelten.
Richard Wagner hatte ein gebrochenes Verhältnis zum Geld: Er benötigte viel, hatte aber meist so wenig, dass er auf Pump leben musste. Nicht selten war er auf der Flucht vor seinen Gläubigern. Die Erfindung des Geldes hielt er für einen Sündenfall, das Eigentum für die Wurzel allen Übels. Im »Ring des Nibelungen « spiegelt er im Mythos vom Fluch des Goldes die moderne Erfahrung der Macht des Geldes.
Er gilt als Meister der Sprache, als Poet der Empfindsamkeit, als Dichter des Zwischenraums, der die Umbrüche der Moderne antizipierte, als Sonderling und Grenzgänger im Leben wie im Werk, als Projektmacher bis zum selbst inszenierten Tod: Heinrich von Kleist (1777– 1811) entzieht sich allen gewöhnlichen Rubrizierungen. Nicht zuletzt deshalb sind seine Werke für Literaturwissenschaftler bis heute von besonderer Faszination. In pointierten Beiträgen beschreiben Frankfurter Forscher, eine Dramaturgin des Schauspiel Frankfurt und eine Berliner Journalistin, wie sie sich Kleists Texten nähern. Auf das vehemente Posthum-Interesse an seiner Person und seinen schriftstellerischen Hinterlassenschaften hätte Kleist eine ironische Antwort parat, er nahm sie bereits zu Lebzeiten vorweg: "Nachruhm! Was ist das für ein seltsam Ding, das man erst genießen kann, wenn man nicht mehr ist." Kleist Special: * "...zu leben in einer Zeit, die vorbei, oder nicht da ist" – Von einem, der auszog – Kleists Suche nach einer Lebensform über den Augenblick hinaus. [Nora Khuon] * Die Doppelrolle eines simplen Strichs. Wenn der Erzähler erzählt, ohne zu erzählen – Zu Kleists (Gedanken)Strichen. [Waltraud Wiethölter] * "Gott, mein Vater!" Neues von der Marquise von O… [Andreas Kraß] * "Verwahr’ es wohl, es wird dir dereinst das Leben retten!" Kleist und die Biopolitik. [Davide Giuriato] * "Der Krüge schönster ist entzwei geschlagen" Komik in der Materialität des Körpers und des Zeichens. [Heinz Drügh] * "Was weiter erfolgte, brauchen wir nicht zu melden ..." Heinrich von Kleists "Poetik der Unschärfe". [Christian Metz] * "O tief, tief sinkt die Schale des Glückes" Seine zwei letzten Jahre in Berlin: Kleist als Herausgeber der ersten Berliner Tageszeitung - Das heiter inszenierte Ende am Kleinen Wannsee. [Lisette Nichtweiss] * Von der wundersamen Vermehrung der Kleist-Lektüre. Im Gedenkjahr 2011 erweitern neue Bücher und Biografien das Wissen über den Dichter und Dramatiker. [Lisette Nichtweiss]
"Herakleitos sagt, dass die Wachenden ein und dieselbe gemeinsame Welt (éna kai koinòn kosmon) haben, während von den Schlafenden ein jeder sich zu seiner eigenen (Welt; eis ídion apostréphesthai) abwende." (DK 22 B 89) Diese "eigene" Welt des Schlafenden heißt ídios kósmos, die Welt der Träume. "In der Nacht entzündet der Mensch ein Licht für sich selbst, sterbend, seine Sehkraft ist erloschen." (DK 22 B 26). – Heraklit (535 - ca. 475 v. u.Z.) trifft die Überzeugung der gesamten antiken Kultur, dass der Wachzustand eine Welt des Zugänglichen, des Lichterfüllten, die Welt also des Öffentlichen, des Gemeinsamen und des Logos darstelle: koinos kósmos. ...
Zeuge schauerlicher Tragik : Erhard von Mutius im Briefwechsel mit Gerhart Hauptmann 1933-1944
(2007)
Die Form von Reinmars Leich
(1995)
Die sprachliche Gestalt des Muspilli und ihre Vorgeschichte im Zusammenhang mit der Abschreiberfrage
(1942)
Die drei Frauen in Deutschland als Gestalten der Sage, des Märchens und des christlichen Kultes
(1934)
Thomas Manns "Fiorenza"
(1921)