Rechtswissenschaft
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Working Paper (401)
- Article (373)
- Review (259)
- Conference Proceeding (119)
- Part of a Book (57)
- Part of Periodical (56)
- Book (51)
- Contribution to a Periodical (36)
- Doctoral Thesis (31)
- Report (14)
Language
- German (1004)
- English (369)
- Italian (12)
- French (8)
- Multiple languages (6)
- Portuguese (5)
- Spanish (3)
- mis (1)
- Polish (1)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (1409)
Keywords
- Deutschland (71)
- Aktienrecht (17)
- Kapitalmarktrecht (16)
- Börsenrecht (12)
- Coronavirus (12)
- Corporate Governance (12)
- Börsenordnung (11)
- Urheberrecht (11)
- Democracy (10)
- USA (10)
- Internet (9)
- Aktionärsstruktur (7)
- Law (7)
- human rights (7)
- law (7)
- Aktiengesellschaft (6)
- Bundesverfassungsgericht (6)
- Datenschutz (6)
- Digital Services Act (6)
- Großbritannien (6)
- Konfliktlösung (6)
- Rechtstheorie (6)
- Rule of Law (6)
- democracy (6)
- China (5)
- Digitalisierung (5)
- European Union (5)
- Europäische Union (5)
- Going Public (5)
- Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien (5)
- Rechtsgeschichte (5)
- Religionsfreiheit (5)
- Strafrecht (5)
- Takeover (5)
- Verfassung (5)
- copyright (5)
- prudential supervision (5)
- Aktionär (4)
- Börsenzulassung (4)
- Criminal Law (4)
- Financial Regulation (4)
- Hauptversammlung (4)
- Informationstechnologie (4)
- Investmentfonds (4)
- Investmentsparen (4)
- Kriminologie (4)
- Meinungsfreiheit (4)
- Recht (4)
- Refugee Protection (4)
- Regulierung (4)
- Versammlungsfreiheit (4)
- Völkerrecht (4)
- Wertpapieremission (4)
- banking union (4)
- climate change (4)
- intellectual property (4)
- internet (4)
- legal pluralism (4)
- responsibility (4)
- Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) (3)
- Altertum (3)
- Antike (3)
- Beilegung (3)
- Big Data (3)
- Copyright (3)
- Demokratie (3)
- Diskriminierung (3)
- EU rule of law framework (3)
- European Central Bank (ECB) (3)
- Frankreich (3)
- Fusion (3)
- Gerichte (3)
- Gesellschaft (3)
- Gesellschaftsrecht (3)
- Globalisierung (3)
- Hassrede (3)
- Human Rights (3)
- Innovation (3)
- International Law (3)
- Internationales Recht (3)
- Juristenausbildung (3)
- Konstitutionalisierung (3)
- Konzern (3)
- Lebensversicherung (3)
- NetzDG (3)
- Normativität (3)
- Privatautonomie (3)
- Rechtsphilosophie (3)
- Rechtspolitik (3)
- Rechtssoziologie (3)
- Rechtsstreit (3)
- Rechtswissenschaft (3)
- Reform (3)
- Risikohaftung (3)
- Theory of Law (3)
- Universalbank (3)
- Unternehmen (3)
- Values (3)
- autonomy (3)
- banks (3)
- conflict resolution (3)
- constitutionalism (3)
- constitutionnalisation (3)
- corporate governance (3)
- educational freedom (3)
- globalization (3)
- homeschooling (3)
- institutions (3)
- jurisprudence (3)
- justice (3)
- legal theory (3)
- open content (3)
- regulatory arbitrage (3)
- right-wing terrorism (3)
- shadow banking (3)
- society (3)
- Adjudication (2)
- Alterungsrückstellungen (2)
- Anlegerschutz (2)
- Anleihe (2)
- Anteilseigner (2)
- Antitrust (2)
- Art. 6 GG (2)
- Art. 7 EU (2)
- Ausnahmezustand (2)
- Bank (2)
- Basistarif (2)
- Brazilian Legal System (2)
- Bundesgerichtshof (2)
- Börsenkurs (2)
- COVID-19 (2)
- Citizenship (2)
- Constitutionalism (2)
- Consumer Welfare (2)
- Corona Bonds (2)
- Courts (2)
- Crisis (2)
- Critical Theory (2)
- DDR (2)
- Demokratieprinzip (2)
- Deprivation of Citizenship (2)
- Desinformation (2)
- Deutschland / Wertpapiererwerbs- und Übernahmegesetz (2)
- Digital Humanities (2)
- Disclosure (2)
- Dworkin (2)
- E-democracy (2)
- ECB (2)
- ESG (2)
- Eigenkapital (2)
- Eigentumsfreiheit (2)
- Einflussnahme (2)
- Ethnopsychoanalyse (2)
- Euro (2)
- Europarecht (2)
- European Banking Authority (EBA) (2)
- European law (2)
- Facebook (2)
- Financial Crisis (2)
- Finanzierung (2)
- Finanzkapital (2)
- Freedom of Expression (2)
- Führungskraft (2)
- Gender (2)
- Germany (2)
- Geschichte (2)
- Gesellschaftsumwandlung (2)
- Gesetzgebung (2)
- Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung (2)
- Gesundheitsrecht (2)
- Giorgio Agamben (2)
- Gleichstellung (2)
- Globalization (2)
- Great Transformation (2)
- Greece (2)
- Grundrechte (2)
- Haftung (2)
- Hans Kelsen (2)
- Hegel (2)
- Hugo Sinzheimer (2)
- ICTs (2)
- Institution building (2)
- Intermediäre (2)
- Italien (2)
- Jurisprudence (2)
- Justice (2)
- Kabelweitersendung (2)
- Kapitalanlage (2)
- Kapitalversicherung (2)
- Kommodifizierung (2)
- Konstitutionalismus (2)
- Kriminalpolitik (2)
- Laizismus (2)
- Laizität (2)
- Legal Theory (2)
- Legitimation (2)
- Manipulation (2)
- Markenrecht (2)
- Marketing (2)
- Mediation (2)
- Methodenlehre (2)
- Michel Foucault (2)
- Moral (2)
- Netzneutralität (2)
- Netzwerkdurchsetzungsgesetz (2)
- Open Access (2)
- Originalism (2)
- Pandemic (2)
- Papyri (2)
- Parität (2)
- Patent (2)
- Philosophy (2)
- Plattform (2)
- Polanyi (2)
- Political Economy (2)
- Polizeirecht (2)
- Private Krankenversicherung (2)
- Professionsforschung (2)
- Publizität (2)
- Publizitätspflicht (2)
- Rationalization (2)
- Reallocation (2)
- Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (2)
- Rechtsfortbildung (2)
- Rechtsprechung (2)
- Rechtsvereinheitlichung (2)
- Rechtsvergleich (2)
- Recognition (2)
- Referral to the ECJ (2)
- Regulation (2)
- Remix (2)
- Risikomanagement (2)
- Same Sex Marriage (2)
- Sanktionen (2)
- Securitization (2)
- Security (2)
- Social Justice (2)
- Staatsrechtslehre (2)
- State (2)
- Stimmrecht (2)
- Störerhaftung (2)
- Sustainability (2)
- Sweden (2)
- Techniksoziologie (2)
- Tochtergesellschaft (2)
- Transit Zones (2)
- Transparency (2)
- US Supreme Court (2)
- USA / Sarbanes-Oxley Act (2)
- UWG (2)
- Umweltrecht (2)
- United Nations (2)
- Vergütung (2)
- Versicherung (2)
- Versicherungsrecht (2)
- Vertragsfreiheit (2)
- Vertragsklausel (2)
- Vertrauen (2)
- Vollstreckung (2)
- WTO (2)
- Wahlrecht (2)
- Werkbegriff (2)
- Wettbewerb (2)
- Wissenschaft (2)
- anthropology (2)
- asset pricing (2)
- bioethics (2)
- branches (2)
- coercion (2)
- compulsory education (2)
- consolidating supervision (2)
- constitution (2)
- courts (2)
- cross-border banking (2)
- digital rights management (2)
- equality (2)
- ethics (2)
- euro crisis (2)
- fundamental rights (2)
- geistiges Eigentum (2)
- hermeneutics (2)
- home education (2)
- inequality (2)
- information (2)
- international law (2)
- investor protection (2)
- judicial independence (2)
- justification (2)
- legal history (2)
- mediation (2)
- methodology (2)
- micro-prudential supervision (2)
- monetary policy (2)
- net neutrality (2)
- normativity (2)
- open access (2)
- parental autonomy (2)
- persecution (2)
- political economy of bureaucracy (2)
- private equity (2)
- public sphere (2)
- regulatory capture (2)
- religious freedom (2)
- separation of powers (2)
- state (2)
- subsidiaries (2)
- values (2)
- "Critical Race Theory” (1)
- 401(k) plan (1)
- AGB + Verträge (1)
- AGCOM (1)
- AGG (1)
- AI (1)
- AI Act (1)
- AI borrower classification (1)
- AI enabled credit scoring (1)
- AKM (1)
- Abmahnung (1)
- Abnormal Use (1)
- Absatzweg (1)
- Abschiebung (1)
- Abschlussprüfer (1)
- Absolute Level (1)
- Abstammungsrecht (1)
- Abstinenzkontrolle (1)
- Abstinenzweisung (1)
- Abteilungsleiter (1)
- Abwicklungsinstrumente (1)
- Accession Protocol (1)
- Activism (1)
- Activist Hedge Fund (1)
- Afghanistan (1)
- Afrika (1)
- Agamben (1)
- Aggregate outcomes (1)
- Akkadian language (1)
- Akkadische Sprache (1)
- Albania (1)
- Alexy (1)
- Algorithmen (1)
- Allgemeine Geschäftsbedingungen (1)
- Allgemeine Kriminalitätstheorie (1)
- Allocative Effciency (1)
- Alter Orient (1)
- Alternative (1)
- Altersgrenze (1)
- Altersvorsorge (1)
- American legal paradigm (1)
- Amicus Curiae (1)
- Amtsgerichte (1)
- Analytical model (1)
- Ancient Law (1)
- Ancient Near Eastern International Law (1)
- Ancient Near Eastern law (1)
- Ancient near east (1)
- Anerkennung (1)
- Angebotspolitik (1)
- Angst individuell, kollektiv (1)
- Animal Welfare Act (1)
- Anlageverhalten (1)
- Anreizsystem (1)
- Antidiskriminierungsrecht (1)
- Antike Rechtsgeschichte (1)
- Antikes Recht (1)
- Antonin Scalia (1)
- Anzeigenwerbung (1)
- Appellate Adjudication (1)
- Appraisal rights (1)
- Arbeitnehmerstatus von GmbH-Geschäftsführern (1)
- Arbeitsproduktivität (1)
- Arbeitsrecht (1)
- Arbeitsverfassung (1)
- Archaeological Method (1)
- Archaeology of Knowledge (1)
- Architecture (1)
- Aristotle (1)
- Art. 15 DSM-Richtlinie (1)
- Art. 17 DSM-Richtlinie (1)
- Art. 2 EU (1)
- Art. 3 ECHR (1)
- Art. 5 EMRK (1)
- Art. 7 GG (1)
- Arthur von (1)
- Artificial Intelligence (1)
- Asyl (1)
- Asyl- und Flüchtlingspolitik in Europa (1)
- Asylrecht (1)
- Asymmetrische Information (1)
- Aufsichtsrat (1)
- Auftrittsverbot (1)
- Ausbürgerung (1)
- Ausgangssperre (1)
- Auskunftsanspruch (1)
- Auslandsanleihe (1)
- Auslegung (1)
- Ausländerrecht (1)
- Ausländerwahlrecht (1)
- Ausschuss (1)
- Ausschüsse für Politik und Recht (1)
- Autor + Text (1)
- Autoritarismus (1)
- Außenpolitik der Europäischen Union (1)
- Außerbörslicher Wertpapierhandel (1)
- Axel Honneth (1)
- BAFin (1)
- BGH (1)
- BVerfG (1)
- Bail-in (1)
- Balkaya (1)
- Bank Accounting (1)
- Bank regulation (1)
- Bankautomation (1)
- Bankenaufsicht (1)
- Bankenaufsichtsrecht (1)
- Bankenunion (1)
- Banking Union (1)
- Bankrecht (1)
- Bare Life (1)
- Bartolomé de Las Casas (1)
- Bausparkasse (1)
- Bayern (1)
- Begriffsbildung (1)
- Behavioral Finance (1)
- Behavioral sciences (1)
- Belgien (1)
- Beliefs (1)
- Bem jurídico (1)
- Berichtspflicht des Vorstands (1)
- Berne Convention (1)
- Beschluss (1)
- Beschneidung (1)
- Bestimmtheit (1)
- Betriebsleiter (1)
- Betriebsübergang (1)
- Betrug (1)
- Bevölkerungspolitik (1)
- Bewaffnete Konflikte (1)
- Bias (1)
- Bibel (1)
- Bild <Psychologie> (1)
- Bildung (1)
- Bildungswesen (1)
- Bindung an Gesetz und Recht (1)
- Bioethics (1)
- Biographie (1)
- Biopolitics (1)
- Biopower (1)
- Black Sea (1)
- Boards für Stadt-Entwicklung (1)
- Bodenschätze (1)
- Borghesia (1)
- Bosnia and Herzegovina (1)
- Bourgeoisie (1)
- Brasilien (1)
- Brazil (1)
- Brazilian Federal Supreme Court (1)
- Brazilian Judiciary (1)
- Brazilian Law courses (1)
- Brazilian legal system (1)
- Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz (1)
- Bundesdatenschutzgesetz (1)
- Burka (1)
- Business lending (1)
- Buyout-Verträge (1)
- Börsenaufsicht (1)
- Börseninformationssystem (1)
- Bürgschaftsrecht (1)
- Büros für Wirtschafts-und Handelsbeziehungen (1)
- Büros für Wohnungsbau (1)
- CECL (1)
- CETA (1)
- CO2 emission (1)
- CSDP (1)
- CSR (1)
- Call-Option (1)
- Capitalism (1)
- Cash Management (1)
- Cashflow (1)
- Certainty in Law (1)
- Charitable trust (1)
- Chief Executive Officer (1)
- China / Vertragsgesetz (1)
- Chinese studies (1)
- Chinesisches Kaufrecht (1)
- Chinesisches Recht (1)
- Città (1)
- City (1)
- Civil Society (1)
- Climate Change (1)
- Climate Protection (1)
- Cloud Computing (1)
- Coaching Systems (1)
- Code-based regulation (1)
- Collective Expulsion (1)
- Collective Redress Recommendation (1)
- Colonialism (1)
- Common Law (1)
- Common Morality (1)
- Communication (1)
- Competition (1)
- Compliance (1)
- Concentration (1)
- Concept of person (1)
- Conflict of Laws (1)
- Confucianism legal system (1)
- Constitution (1)
- Constitutional Court (1)
- Constitutional Interpretation (1)
- Constitutional Reform (1)
- Consumer Protection (1)
- Consummations of Legislation (1)
- Content ID (1)
- Contract Law (1)
- Contractarian Model of Corporate Law (1)
- Corona Constitutional (1)
- Corona-Steuerhilfegesetz (1)
- Corporate Groups (1)
- Corporate Social Responsibility (1)
- Corporate governance (1)
- Corporate law (1)
- Costituzionalismo (1)
- Costituzione societaria (1)
- Council of the Judiciary (1)
- Cour constitutionnelle fédérale (1)
- Courts of Law (1)
- Creative Commons (1)
- Credit rating agencies (1)
- Creditor Protection (1)
- Creditor Rights (1)
- Crime (1)
- Criminal Theory (1)
- Crimiology (1)
- Critical Legal Studies (1)
- Critique (1)
- Crypto-Assets (1)
- Cryptocurrencies (1)
- Cultural Finance (1)
- Cultural Rights (1)
- Cultural diversity of law (1)
- Cultural translation (1)
- DS-GVO (1)
- DSA (1)
- Danosa (1)
- Data Protection Directive (1)
- Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (1)
- Datenschutzrecht (1)
- Datenverarbeitung (1)
- David Hilbert (1)
- David Sciulli (1)
- Debatten (1)
- Defect (1)
- Democracy, the Internet, Net, Disintermediation, Election (1)
- Democratic Backsliding (1)
- Democratic State of Law (1)
- Democrazia (1)
- Demographie (1)
- Demokratietheorie (1)
- Der Muselmann (1)
- Derivat <Wertpapier> (1)
- Deutsche Mark (1)
- Deutsches Arbeitsrecht (1)
- Deutschland / Finanzmarktförderungsgesetz 4 (1)
- Deutschland <Bundesrepublik> (1)
- Devisenrecht (1)
- Dienst der Informationsgesellschaft (1)
- Dienstaufsicht (1)
- Digital Democracy (1)
- Digital Markets Act (1)
- Digitale Rechtssubjekte (1)
- Digitalwirtschaft (1)
- Directed Duties (1)
- Direito (1)
- Direito Penal (1)
- Direktor (1)
- Diritto internazionale (1)
- Disciplines (1)
- Discourse theory of law (1)
- Discretion (1)
- Disintermediation (1)
- Diskurstheorie (1)
- Diversifikation (1)
- Diversität (1)
- Dodd-Frank Act (1)
- Donald Trump (1)
- Dorfkomitees (1)
- Dossier (1)
- Drag-along rights (1)
- Dritte Option (1)
- Dritter (1)
- Dublin III (1)
- Ductility in Law (1)
- Duration of Civil Proceedings (1)
- Duty to investigate (1)
- Dyson (1)
- E-Democracy (1)
- E-Government (1)
- E-Participation (1)
- E-Voting (1)
- E.U. Corporate Law (1)
- ECHR (1)
- EEA law (1)
- EEA legal order (1)
- EFTA Court (1)
- ESG-reporting (1)
- EU Parliament (1)
- EU Recovery Funds (1)
- EU proposed Regulation on Artificial Intelligence (1)
- EU-Strafrecht (1)
- EZB (1)
- Echo-Räume (1)
- Economia (1)
- Economics (1)
- Education for citizenship (1)
- Efficiency (1)
- Ehe (1)
- Ehegattensplitting (1)
- Eide (1)
- Eigene Aktie (1)
- Eigenproduktion (1)
- Eike v. Savigny (1)
- Eilrechtsschutz (1)
- Einbürgerung (1)
- Eindeutigkeit (1)
- Einkommensteuer (1)
- Einstellung (1)
- Einstellungen zu Recht und Gesetz (1)
- Election (1)
- Electronic Banking (1)
- Electronic Commerce (1)
- Empirical model (1)
- Encapsulation (1)
- Encryption Technology (1)
- Energie- und Klimapolitik (1)
- Enforcement (1)
- English jurisdiction (1)
- Enlightenment (1)
- Enron Corp. <Houston, Tex.> (1)
- Enteignung (1)
- Entrepreneurship (1)
- Entry and exit (1)
- Entscheidungssysteme (1)
- Entstellung (1)
- Entwicklungshilfe (1)
- Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (1)
- Environment (1)
- Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance (ESG) (1)
- Epistemic Values (1)
- Equality (1)
- Equity (1)
- Erbschaftsteuer (1)
- Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde (1)
- Ethical (1)
- Ethical Use (1)
- Ethics (1)
- Ethics and law (1)
- Ethics in International Law (1)
- Euro <Währung> (1)
- Eurokrise (1)
- Europa (1)
- European Central Bank (1)
- European Commission (1)
- European Court (1)
- European Court of Human Rights (1)
- European Fundamental Values (1)
- European Legal Space (1)
- European Parliament (1)
- European Takeover Directive (1)
- European Values (1)
- Europäische Union / Europäisches Parlament / Parlamentsgebäude (1)
- Europäischer Arbeitnehmerbegriff (1)
- Europäischer Haftbefehl (1)
- Europäisches Wettbewerbsrecht (1)
- Europäisierung (1)
- Evolution (1)
- Evolutionary Psychology (1)
- Evolutionspsychologie (1)
- Exotic options (1)
- Expectations (1)
- Expected credit losses (1)
- Experiences (1)
- Experimental Animals (1)
- Expert Witness (1)
- Exportrestriktionen für Rohstoffe (1)
- Fahrverbot (1)
- Fair Play (1)
- Fair value (1)
- Fairness (1)
- Faktencheck (1)
- Fallrecht (1)
- Familie (1)
- Familienrecht (1)
- Federalist Papers (1)
- Feindeslisten (1)
- Fernmeldegeheimnis (1)
- Feststellungsklage (1)
- Festverzinsliches Wertpapier (1)
- FinTech (1)
- Finance and Employment (1)
- Financial Reporting (1)
- Financial Supervision (1)
- Financial regulation (1)
- Financial stability (1)
- Financing Constraints (1)
- Finanzdienstleistung (1)
- Finanzdienstleistungsinstitut (1)
- Finanzierungsstruktur (1)
- Finanzmarkt (1)
- Finanzplatz (1)
- Finland (1)
- Folter (1)
- Fondsmanager (1)
- Foreign Investment Insurance (1)
- Forensische Psychiatrie (1)
- Foucault (1)
- Fractal scaling (1)
- Frankfurter Arbeitskreis Strafrecht (1)
- Frankfurter Schule des Strafrechts (1)
- Franz Böhm (1)
- Frauendiskriminierung (1)
- Free Riders (1)
- Freedom (1)
- Freedom of research (1)
- Freiheit (1)
- Fremdbezug (1)
- Fundamental Rights (1)
- Fusionskontrolle (GKV) (1)
- Fußball (1)
- Führer principal (1)
- GRI social standards (1)
- Geburtenrate (1)
- Gefahrenabwehrrecht (1)
- Gegenseitige Anerkennung von Gerichtsurteilen (1)
- Geistiges Eigentum (1)
- Geldausgabeautomat (1)
- Geldpolitik (1)
- Gender Gap (1)
- Genderforschung (1)
- Generaldirektor (1)
- Genetic Engineering (1)
- Genetically Modified Organism (1)
- Gerechtigkeit (1)
- Gericht (1)
- Gerichtete Pflichten (1)
- Gerichtspräsident (1)
- Gerichtssachverständiger (1)
- Gerichtsverfahren (1)
- German Capital Markets Model Case Act (KapMuG) (1)
- German copyright law (1)
- Gertrude Lübbe-Wolff (1)
- Geschichte 1946-1997 (1)
- Geschichtsbilder (1)
- Geschäftsführer (1)
- Geschäftsleiterermesse (1)
- Gesellschafter (1)
- Gesellschaftsbild (1)
- Gesellschaftsgestaltung (1)
- Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung (1)
- Gesundheitswesen (1)
- Gewalt im Alter (1)
- Gewaltenteilung (1)
- Gewaltprävention im Alter (1)
- Gewaltverbot (1)
- Gewerbesteuer (1)
- Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz (1)
- Gewissenszwang (1)
- Ghost donations (1)
- Giuridicizzazione (1)
- Gleichheit (1)
- Gleichheitsgrundsatz (1)
- Globalizzazione (1)
- GmbH (1)
- Going Private (1)
- Google (1)
- Google Books (1)
- Governance (1)
- Governmentality (1)
- Gramisci (1)
- Greek Tragedy (1)
- Green Movement (1)
- Grexit (1)
- Griechenland (1)
- Group Interesterest (1)
- Growth (1)
- Großbetrieb (1)
- Grundgesetz (1)
- Grundrecht auf Leben (1)
- Grundrente (1)
- Grundsicherung (1)
- Gunther Teubner (1)
- Gutachten-Logik (1)
- Günther (1)
- Günther Jakobs: Strafrecht, Allgemeiner Teil (1)
- HHole (for Mannheim) (1)
- Habermas (1)
- Hamburg <2000> (1)
- Handelsrechtsprechung (1)
- Hannah Arendt (1)
- Hanse (1)
- Hart (1)
- Hate Speech (1)
- Hedge Fund (1)
- Heinrich Brunner (1)
- Hermeneutic model (1)
- Hermeneutik (1)
- Hilary Putnam (1)
- Historical Memory (1)
- Historische Rechtsvergleichung (1)
- History (1)
- History & Finance (1)
- History of Law (1)
- Hochfrequenzhandel (1)
- Hochschild (1)
- Homo Sacer (1)
- Homo-Ehe (1)
- Hong Kong (1)
- Horst Seehofer (1)
- Household Finance (1)
- Hukuk Uyuşmazlıklarında Arabuluculuk Kanunu (1)
- Human and machine (1)
- ICANN UDRP (1)
- ICT (1)
- IFRS 9 (1)
- IG-Farben (1)
- ILO (1)
- IPTV (1)
- IT Audit (1)
- IT-Grundrecht (1)
- IVR (1)
- Icelandic courts (1)
- Ilse Staff (1)
- Imagination (1)
- Immanuel Kant (1)
- Immaterialgüterrecht (1)
- Immobilienmakler (1)
- Impairments (1)
- Indeterminacy (1)
- Index Funds (1)
- Individualismus (1)
- Infektionsschutzrecht (1)
- Informality of negotiation (1)
- Informalität der Verhandlungen (1)
- Information (1)
- Information Age (1)
- Information Ethics (1)
- Information Filtering (1)
- Information Systems Design (1)
- Information Technology (1)
- Information and Communication Technologies (1)
- Information system (1)
- Infrastruktur (1)
- Insidergeschäft (1)
- Insiderregeln (1)
- Institute (1)
- Institution (1)
- Institutional fact (1)
- Institutioneller Anleger (1)
- Instructional Design (1)
- Integritätsschutz (1)
- Intellectual Property (1)
- Interessenabwägung (1)
- Interest Theory of Rights (1)
- Internationale Arbeitsorganisation (1)
- Internationale Arbeitsstandards (1)
- Internationale Gerichtsbarkeit (1)
- Internationale Rohstoffabkommen (1)
- Internationale Sozialpolitik (1)
- Internationale Streitbeilegung (1)
- Internationale Wirtschaftspolitik (1)
- Internationaler Kapitalmarkt (1)
- Internationales Investitionsschutzrecht (1)
- Internationales Privatrecht (1)
- Internationales Umweltrecht (1)
- Internet Protocol Television (1)
- Internet-TV (1)
- Internetzugang (1)
- Interpretation (1)
- Interpretativism (1)
- Interpretive Concepts (1)
- Interrationalität (1)
- Intersubjectivity (1)
- Intervener (1)
- Intervenient (1)
- Investment Protection (1)
- Investor Protection (1)
- Iranian Politics (1)
- Irreführung (1)
- Jan Böhmermann (1)
- Japanese annexation (1)
- Jeffrey Alexander (1)
- Jeremy Bentham (1)
- Jews (1)
- Josef Kohler (1)
- Journalism (1)
- Juan de Palacios Rubios (1)
- Judicature Acts (1)
- Judicature Commission (1)
- Judicial Modernization (1)
- Judicial review (1)
- Judiciary Reform (1)
- Jugend (1)
- Juridification (1)
- Jurisprudência (1)
- Justice Nomination (1)
- Justiz (1)
- Justizverständnis (1)
- Justizverwaltung (1)
- Jüdisches Recht (1)
- Jürgen Rödig (1)
- KI (1)
- Kalifornien (1)
- Kant (1)
- Kantian-Lockean tradition (1)
- Kapitalbeteiligung (1)
- Kapitalbeteiligungsgesellschaft (1)
- Kapitalertrag (1)
- Kapitalgesellschaft (1)
- Kapitalgewinn (1)
- Kapitalmarktforschung (1)
- Kapitalstruktur (1)
- Karl Polanyi (1)
- Karl Popper (1)
- Karl William Kapp (1)
- Kartellrecht (1)
- Kartellrecht (GKV) (1)
- Katastrophe (1)
- Katastrophenrisiko (1)
- Kauf (1)
- Kaufleute (1)
- Kaufrecht (1)
- Kaufvertrag (1)
- Keilschriftrecht (1)
- Kinderbetreuungskosten (1)
- Kindergeld (1)
- Kinderrechte (1)
- Kinderrechtskonvention (1)
- Klarheit (1)
- Klein- und Mittelbetrieb (1)
- Klima-Proteste (1)
- Klimastrafrecht (1)
- Klimawandel (1)
- Kollisionsrecht (1)
- Kongress (1)
- Konjunkturpolitik (1)
- Kontinuierliche Transdermale Alkoholüberwachung (1)
- Konzernrecht (1)
- Konzernverantwortung (1)
- Kooperaton (1)
- Kopftuch (1)
- Kopftuchverbot (1)
- Kraftfahrzeugindustrie (1)
- Krankenversicherung (1)
- Kriege (1)
- Krisenprotokoll (1)
- Kulturelle Diversität (1)
- Kulturwissenschaften (1)
- Kyoto Protocol (1)
- Landtage (1)
- Lauterkeitsrecht (1)
- Lautsi vs Italy case (1)
- Law Enforcement (1)
- Law Making (1)
- Law and Finance (1)
- Law and Politics (1)
- Law and economics (1)
- Law and finance (1)
- Law as an Applied Social Science (1)
- Law communication (1)
- Law epistemology (1)
- Law of Enforcement (1)
- Lebensalter und Recht (1)
- Lebenspartnerschaft (1)
- Legal Positivism (1)
- Legal Post-Positivism (1)
- Legal Problem Solving (1)
- Legal Reasoning (1)
- Legal Sociology (1)
- Legal Transplants (1)
- Legal act (1)
- Legal computing (1)
- Legal good (1)
- Legal informatics (1)
- Legal modelling, Legal computing, Fractal scaling (1)
- Legal pluralism (1)
- Legal realism (1)
- Legal status (1)
- Legal visualization (1)
- Legislation (1)
- Legislative Facts (1)
- Lehrangebot (1)
- Lehrende (1)
- Lehrfreiheit (1)
- Leistungsausschluss (1)
- Leistungsfähigkeit (1)
- Leistungsrecht/Leistungsgrundrecht (1)
- Leitender Angestellter (1)
- Letzte Generation (1)
- Levinas (1)
- Levola (1)
- Lex Mercatoria (1)
- Liability regime (1)
- Liberal Theory (1)
- Liberalismus (1)
- Liquidation (1)
- Lissabon-Urteil (1)
- Loan losses (1)
- Loans (1)
- Luhmann (1)
- MICAR (1)
- MREL (1)
- MacCormick (1)
- Machine Learning (1)
- Macht (1)
- Majority (1)
- Make or buy (1)
- Mandatory Law (1)
- Mankind (1)
- Market Efficiency (1)
- Market Power (1)
- Marktversagen (1)
- Marx (1)
- Max Weber (1)
- Max Weber Gesamtausgabe (1)
- Mediator (1)
- Medioevo (1)
- Meeresverschmutzung (1)
- Mehrpersonenverhältnis (1)
- Meineid (1)
- Mending wall (1)
- Menschenrechte (1)
- Menschenrechtspolitik (1)
- Menschenwürde (1)
- Methode (1)
- Methodological aspects in the law research (1)
- Middle Ages (1)
- Migration (1)
- Migrationsrecht (1)
- Mindestzuführungsverordnung (1)
- Minority Shareholder Protection (1)
- Miscegenation (1)
- Missbrauch (1)
- Mitbestimmung (1)
- Mittelalter (1)
- Mittelmeer (1)
- Moderation (1)
- Modern Constitutionalism (1)
- Modern reason (1)
- Monographs of Law students (1)
- Montesquieu (1)
- Moral Responsibility (1)
- Multi-Normativität (1)
- Multi-normativity (1)
- Multicultural (1)
- Multikulturalismus (1)
- Multilateralism (1)
- Multisensory law (1)
- Mythos and Logos (1)
- NATO (1)
- NSU (1)
- Narendra Modi (1)
- National Identity (1)
- Nationale Identität (1)
- Nationalsozialismus (1)
- Nationalversammlung (1)
- Natural Law (1)
- Nature (1)
- Naturkatastrophe (1)
- Nazism (1)
- Net (1)
- Netzwerkdurchsetzungsesetz (1)
- Netzwerkeffekte (1)
- Neue Weltwirtschaftsordnung (1)
- Neuer Markt <Börse> (1)
- Neutralitätsgebot (1)
- New Media Bargaining Code (1)
- Niederlande (1)
- Non Refoulement (1)
- Non-Monetary Surplus Values (1)
- Non-violence (1)
- Norm (1)
- Normabweichung (1)
- Normal Use (1)
- Normative Ordnung (1)
- Normative Ordnungen (1)
- Normativer Wille (1)
- Normenkontrolle (1)
- Nutzungsausfall (1)
- Ombudsmannverfahren (1)
- Online News Act (1)
- Online-Plattformen (1)
- Ontologie (1)
- Open Source (1)
- Open Texture (1)
- Optionsgeschäft (1)
- Optionshandel (1)
- Optionsmarkt (1)
- Organisation (1)
- Organisationspflichten von Banken (1)
- Outsourcing (1)
- Overblocking (1)
- PEPP (1)
- PIA process (1)
- PIA taxonomy (1)
- PPEP (1)
- PUAG (1)
- Pandemie (1)
- Paris Convention (1)
- Parlamentarismus (1)
- Parteien (1)
- Parteienpartizipation (1)
- Parteistaat (1)
- Participation (1)
- Participatory Budgeting (1)
- Participatory Democracy (1)
- Patents (1)
- Paul Koschaker (1)
- People (1)
- People’s sovereignty (1)
- Perceptions (1)
- Persistence (1)
- Personalleiter (1)
- Personenstandsrecht (1)
- Persönlichkeitsrecht (1)
- Petitionen (1)
- Pflegebedürftigkeit (1)
- Philosophy of History (1)
- Phronesis (1)
- Plagiat (1)
- Plaintiff Lawyers (1)
- Plattformen (1)
- Policies (1)
- Policy debates (1)
- Polish Supreme Court (1)
- Political Information (1)
- Political Obligation (1)
- Political Philosophy (1)
- Political Risk Insurance (1)
- Political Theory (1)
- Political action (1)
- Politics and Law Committees (1)
- Politik + Recht (1)
- Polizei (1)
- Population (1)
- Populismus (1)
- Post-Communist countries (1)
- Posthumanism (1)
- Power (1)
- Pragmatic Realism (1)
- Praktische Vernunft (1)
- Predictive Policing (1)
- Premodern Trial (1)
- Presseleistungsschutzrecht (1)
- Principlism (1)
- Privacy (1)
- Private Equity (1)
- Private International Law (1)
- Private equity (1)
- Private limited company (1)
- Private ordering (1)
- Privatschulfinanzierung (1)
- Privileg (1)
- Privilegien (1)
- Production and communication pattern (1)
- Productivity and Growth (1)
- Produktionsregime (1)
- Prokurist (1)
- Prokuristin (1)
- Prospektprüfung (1)
- Prudential oversight (1)
- Prämie (1)
- Präventionsstaat (1)
- Psychoanalyse (1)
- Public Administration (1)
- Public Domain (1)
- Public Sphere (1)
- Public freedoms (1)
- Public spaces (1)
- Punishment (1)
- Put-Option (1)
- Put-back (1)
- Quantitative Easing (1)
- RFID applications (1)
- Race Relations in Brazil (1)
- Racionalização (1)
- Radio Cottbus (1)
- Rassenbeziehungen in Brasilien (1)
- Rassenmischlung (1)
- Razionalizzazione (1)
- Recht (national) (1)
- Recht auf Wohnung (1)
- Rechtfertigungsordnung (1)
- Rechtsanthropologie (1)
- Rechtsauslegung (1)
- Rechtschutz in Kindheit und hohem Alter (1)
- Rechtschöpfung (1)
- Rechtsdogmatik (1)
- Rechtsetzung (1)
- Rechtsfortbildungstatsachen (1)
- Rechtshegemonie (1)
- Rechtskultur (1)
- Rechtsordnung (1)
- Rechtspluralismus (1)
- Rechtsreform (1)
- Rechtsschutz (1)
- Rechtsschutz der Aktionäre (1)
- Rechtsstaat (1)
- Rechtsstaatlichkeit (1)
- Rechtsstreitigkeiten (1)
- Rechtssubjekt (1)
- Rechtssubjektivität (1)
- Rechtsverbindlichkeit (1)
- Rechtsvergleich <Fach> (1)
- Rechtsvergleichung (1)
- Rechtswettbewerb (1)
- Rechtswissenschaft (national) (1)
- Recognition Theory (1)
- Reflexive Law (1)
- Regionalwissenschaften (1)
- Regulations (1)
- Reichsgericht <Deutsches Reich> (1)
- Reiserecht (1)
- Related Party Transactions (1)
- Relative Level (1)
- Religious endowments (1)
- Reproduktionsarbeit (1)
- Reproduktionsmedizin (1)
- Responsible Practice of Law (1)
- Richten (1)
- Richter (1)
- Richterrecht (1)
- Richterwahl (1)
- Richterwahlen (1)
- Right of Withdrawal (1)
- Right to Information (1)
- Right to Security (1)
- Risikokapital (1)
- Risikominderung (1)
- Robert Frost (1)
- Robo-Advisory (1)
- RogueBlock (1)
- Rohstoffkonflikte (1)
- Ronald Dworkin (1)
- Rudolf His (1)
- Rule by Law (1)
- République romaine (1)
- Rückfallkriminalität (1)
- Rückfallstrafschärfung (1)
- Rückfalltäter (1)
- Rückversicherung (1)
- Rückversicherungsvertrag (1)
- SRM (1)
- Sachsenspiegel (1)
- Samenspende (1)
- Sampling + Remix (1)
- Sanktion (1)
- Satire (1)
- Schadensrecht (1)
- Scharia (1)
- Schiedsgerichtsparkeit (1)
- Schiedsverfahren (1)
- Schlichten (1)
- Schlichtung (1)
- School of Salamanca (1)
- Schuld (1)
- Schule (1)
- Schweiz (1)
- Scientificity (1)
- Scoring (1)
- Searle (1)
- Sekularität (1)
- Selbstbestimmung des Patienten (1)
- Selbstbevorzugungsverbot (1)
- Selbstregulation (1)
- Selbstregulierung (1)
- Selbstverwaltung (1)
- Seuchenrecht (1)
- Shareholder Rights Directive (1)
- Sicherstellungspflichten von Geschäftsleitern (1)
- Sieckmann (1)
- Signatura Rerum (1)
- Single Supervisory Mechanism (1)
- Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) (1)
- Sinologie (1)
- Sittlichkeit (1)
- Smart City (1)
- Smart Contracts (1)
- Social Conditioning (1)
- Social Contract (1)
- Social Credit System (1)
- Social Engineering (1)
- Social Learning (1)
- Social Media (1)
- Social Movements (1)
- Social Philosophy (1)
- Social networks (1)
- Social utopias (1)
- Societal Constitution (1)
- Sociologia (1)
- Sociology (1)
- Souveränität (1)
- Sovereignty (1)
- Soziale Medien (1)
- Soziale Netzwerke (1)
- Sozialontologie (1)
- Sozialphilosophie (1)
- Sozialpolitik (1)
- Sozialpsychologie (1)
- Sozialstaat (1)
- Sozialtechnik (1)
- Sozialversicherungsträger (1)
- Spitzenkandidaten Process (1)
- Sporthelm (1)
- Staat (1)
- Staatenlosigkeit (1)
- Staatsangehörigkeit (1)
- Staatsbürgerschaft (1)
- Staatstrojaner (1)
- Staatsziele (1)
- Staatszuschuss (1)
- Staatsängste (1)
- Stabilität (1)
- Stablecoins (1)
- Standard (1)
- Start-ups (1)
- States (1)
- Status Theory of Rights (1)
- Statustheorie von Rechten (1)
- Strafen zu Haut und Haar (1)
- Strafjuristen (1)
- Strafjustiz (1)
- Strafrecht und Mediengesellschaft (1)
- Strafrecht und Ökonomisierung (1)
- Strafrechtsdogmatik (1)
- Strafrechtsgeschichte (1)
- Strafrechtsprinzipien (1)
- Strafrechtstheorie (1)
- Strafzumessung (1)
- Strafzweck der Sicherung (incapacitation) (1)
- Stubengesellschaft (1)
- Studierende (1)
- Ständige Souveränität über Natürliche Ressourcen (1)
- Supply Chain (1)
- Swedish Labour Court (1)
- System (1)
- Systematik (1)
- TLAC (1)
- TRIPS Agreement (1)
- Tatsachenermittlung (1)
- Tax exemption (1)
- Technology (1)
- Technology Assessment (1)
- Teilrechtsfähigkeit (1)
- Telekommunikation (1)
- Telekommunikationsüberwachung (1)
- Temple tax (1)
- Teoria do Reconhecimento (1)
- Termingeschäft (1)
- Territorialität (1)
- Terrorism (1)
- Textual Analysis (1)
- The Brazilian Private-Constitutional School of Thought (1)
- The Montreux Convention of 1936 (1)
- Theoretical models of Law Science (1)
- Theorie-Praxis (1)
- Theories of Rights (1)
- Theory of Chaos (1)
- Thomas Aquinas (1)
- Tokens (1)
- Tolerance (1)
- Toleranz (1)
- Topmanager (1)
- Trade sales (1)
- Trademark (1)
- Trandermale Alkoholmessung (1)
- Transdiziplinarität (1)
- Transitional Justice (1)
- Transnational Law (1)
- Transnationale Rechtswissenschaft (1)
- Transnationale Wirtschaftsverfassung (1)
- Transnationaler Konstitutionalismus (1)
- Transnationales Recht (1)
- Treuhänder (1)
- Trittbrettfahrerverhalten (1)
- Trust (1)
- Tunesien (1)
- Tunneling (1)
- Turkish Legislation of GMO (1)
- Turkish Straits (1)
- Turkish sociological positivism (1)
- Twitter (1)
- Türkei (1)
- Türkisches Medienrecht (1)
- Türkisches Recht (1)
- UCITS (1)
- UDRP (1)
- UGP-Richtlinie (1)
- US-Kriminalpolitik (1)
- USA / Securities and Exchange Commission (1)
- Ukraine (1)
- Ultima-ratio-Charakter (1)
- Umfrage (1)
- Unification of Law (1)
- Unionsbürger (1)
- Universalism (1)
- Universalismo (1)
- Universitätsgeschichte (1)
- Unrechtsbewusstsein (1)
- Unterbrecher (1)
- Unterhaltsrecht (1)
- Unternehmensfinanzierung (1)
- Unternehmensinteresse (1)
- Unternehmensrecht (1)
- Unternehmensstrafrecht (1)
- Unternehmensverfassung (1)
- Unternehmensveräußerung (1)
- Untersuchungsausschuss (1)
- Unverfügbarkeit des Lebens (1)
- Urheberpersönlichkeitsrecht (1)
- Urhebervertragsrecht (1)
- VAT (1)
- Vagueness in Law (1)
- Validity of Law (1)
- Validity of Legal Norms (1)
- Venture capital (1)
- Verbandsorganisation (1)
- Verbandsstrafrecht (1)
- Verbindungsdaten (1)
- Verbraucherschutz (1)
- Verbrechen (1)
- Verbrechensbegriff (1)
- Verbreiten personenbezogener Daten (1)
- Vereinheitlichung (1)
- Vereinigungsfreiheit (1)
- Vereinsrecht (1)
- Verfahren (1)
- Verfahrensregeln (1)
- Verfassungsauslegung (1)
- Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit (1)
- Verfassungsinterpretation (1)
- Verfassungskollisionen (1)
- Verfassungskultur (1)
- Verfassungsprinzip (1)
- Verfassungsstaat (1)
- Verfassungstheorie (1)
- Verfassungswandlung (1)
- Verfassungsänderung (1)
- Vergaberecht (GKV) (1)
- Vergleichende Rechtsgeschichte (1)
- Verhaltenscodices multinationaler Unternehmen (1)
- Verhaltensforschung (1)
- Verhaltenskodex (1)
- Verhandlung (1)
- Verhältnismäßigkeit (1)
- Verkehrsdaten (1)
- Verlustrücktrag (1)
- Vermittlung (1)
- Vermittlungsdienst, (1)
- Vernachlässigung in häuslicher Pflege (1)
- Verschleierung (1)
- Verschwörungsmythen (1)
- Versicherungsaufsichtsrecht (1)
- Versicherungswirtschaft (1)
- Vertikale Integration (1)
- Vertikale Konzentration (1)
- Vertragsrecht (1)
- Vertrauensschadenversicherung (1)
- Verträge (1)
- Verwaltungsreform (1)
- Verwertungsgesellschaften (1)
- Victorian era (1)
- Viktorianisches Zeitalter (1)
- Virtual Currencies (1)
- Volk (1)
- Vorgesetzter (1)
- Vorratsdatenspeicherung (1)
- Vorratsspeicherung (1)
- Vorschaubilder (1)
- Vorstand (1)
- Vorstandsmitglied (1)
- WIPO (1)
- WIPO ALERT (1)
- WIPO Alert (1)
- Wahlberechtigung (1)
- Wahlverfahren (1)
- Wahlverhalten (1)
- Walter Benjamin (1)
- Wandelschuldverschreibung (1)
- War on Terror (1)
- Wealth (1)
- Weber (1)
- Weimar Constitution (1)
- Weimarer Reichsverfassung (1)
- Weinberg (1)
- Weltgesellschaft (1)
- Werkvernichtung (1)
- Wert (1)
- Wertpapierkurs (1)
- Wertpapierrecht (1)
- Wettbewerbsfreiheit (1)
- Wettbewerbsfähigkeit (1)
- Wiederherstellungsansprüche (1)
- Wiederkauf (1)
- Winfried Hassemer (1)
- Wirecard (1)
- Wirtschaftsprüfung (1)
- Wirtschaftsregulierung (1)
- Wirtschaftsstrafrecht (1)
- Wissenschaftlerinnen (1)
- Wissenschaftliche Redlichkeit (1)
- Wissenschaftlicher Diskurs (1)
- Wissenschaftliches Fehlverhalten (1)
- Wissenschaftsproduktion (1)
- Wissenschaftssystem (1)
- Wissenschaftssystem (national) (1)
- Word Congress (1)
- World Health Organization (WHO) (1)
- World Intellectual Property Organization (1)
- Währungsrecht (1)
- Xetra-Handelssystem (1)
- Zeugenvereidigung (1)
- Zivilprozess (1)
- Zivilprozessrecht (1)
- Zivilrechtsgeschichte (1)
- Zukunftssoziologie (1)
- Zulassungsvoraussetzungen für Mediatoren (1)
- Zulässigkeit des einseitigen Behandlungsabbruchs (1)
- Zweckbindung (1)
- Zürs.net (1)
- ability to pay (1)
- accident prevention technologies (1)
- accountability (1)
- advertising (1)
- aesthetics (1)
- akrasia (1)
- alternative dispute resolution (ADR) (1)
- alternative oispute resolution (ADR) (1)
- altorientalisches Recht (1)
- altorientalistisches internationales Recht (1)
- angemessene Vergütung (1)
- anti-terrorism (1)
- arbitration (1)
- area studies (1)
- argumentative self-entrapment (1)
- armed conflicts (1)
- arquitetura transnacional de segurança (1)
- art criticism (1)
- artificial intelligence (1)
- asset management (1)
- asylum (1)
- attractiveness stereotype (1)
- authenticity (1)
- authoritarianism (1)
- autopoiesis (1)
- autorégulation (1)
- axiom (1)
- axiom of choice (1)
- axiomatic method (1)
- bail-in (1)
- bank capital (1)
- banking and treasury functions (1)
- banking separation (1)
- benchmarks (1)
- bilateral investment treaties (1)
- bioethics subject (1)
- biopolitics (1)
- biopower (1)
- bitcoin (1)
- blockchain (1)
- bond market liquidity (1)
- border control (1)
- brain-drain problem (1)
- break-through rule (1)
- brown-spinning (1)
- capital markets (1)
- capital regulation (1)
- capitalism (1)
- cartel damages (1)
- case law (1)
- category mistake (1)
- censure (1)
- choice (1)
- citizen participation (1)
- citizenship- and residence-by-investment (1)
- city development boards (1)
- civil law (1)
- civil liberties (1)
- civil sphere (1)
- clandestine metaphysics (1)
- classic and modern conceptions of citizenship (1)
- climate (1)
- climate risk (1)
- climate-related disclosures (1)
- code of conduct (1)
- code substitutes (1)
- codification (1)
- cognitive liberty (1)
- collective action (1)
- collective litigation (1)
- collective redress (1)
- collisions (1)
- common law (1)
- communicative aesthetic rationality (1)
- company law (1)
- comparative history of constitutional law (1)
- comparison (1)
- compensation (1)
- complementarity (1)
- complexity (1)
- concept acquisition (1)
- concept of crime (1)
- conciliation (1)
- conquest (1)
- constitiutionalism (1)
- constitutional theory (1)
- constitutionalisation (1)
- constitutionnalisme (1)
- constitutions without constitutionalism (1)
- constitutive convention (1)
- construction (1)
- constructivism (1)
- content analysis (1)
- contractarianism (1)
- contracts (1)
- conventionalism (1)
- coordination convention (1)
- corporate fiduciary duties (1)
- corporate finance (1)
- corporate insolvency (1)
- corporate responsibility (1)
- corporate voting (1)
- cost to move (1)
- court cases (1)
- courts of honor (1)
- creating concepts (1)
- credit funds (1)
- credit scoring methodology (1)
- credit scoring regulation (1)
- creditors runs (1)
- crime (1)
- criminal law (1)
- criminology (1)
- cross-border institutions (1)
- cross-border political access (1)
- cryptocurrencies (1)
- cult of immediacy (1)
- cultural difference (1)
- cultural diversity (1)
- cultural studies (1)
- culture (1)
- customary international law (1)
- customary law (1)
- customs (1)
- cyborg (1)
- data protection (1)
- decision systems (1)
- decision theory (1)
- deconstruction (1)
- demilitarisation (1)
- democracy and technology (1)
- democratic representation (1)
- demokratische Repräsentation (1)
- derivatives (1)
- descriptivism (1)
- determinism (1)
- development (1)
- diagnostics (1)
- dialectics (1)
- diffuse legal structure (1)
- diffusion of norms (1)
- dignity (1)
- directors (1)
- direito global (1)
- direitos humanos (1)
- discounting (1)
- discrimination (1)
- disinformation (1)
- distribution of income (1)
- district courts (1)
- dominium (1)
- droit européen (1)
- droit international (1)
- droits fondamentaux (1)
- e-participation (1)
- earnings management (1)
- ecolabelling (1)
- economic and trade bureaus (1)
- economic barriers (1)
- economic nationalism (1)
- efficiency (1)
- einfachgesetzliche Konkretisierung (1)
- elections (1)
- emancipation (1)
- emerging countries (1)
- englisches Gerichtswesen (1)
- enterprises (1)
- entrepreneurship (1)
- equal concern (1)
- equal sacrifices (1)
- equity (law) (1)
- erbotsirrtum (1)
- ethic (1)
- ethical conflict (1)
- ethical consumerism (1)
- ethical standards (1)
- eurozone (1)
- executive labor market (1)
- expected utility (1)
- experience (1)
- exploitation (1)
- exponential progression (1)
- faciliation (1)
- fact-finding (1)
- fair trade (1)
- fascination (1)
- federalism (1)
- fiction (1)
- finance and development (1)
- financial distress (1)
- financial privacy (1)
- financial regulation (1)
- financial stablity (1)
- fintech (1)
- firm value (1)
- fiscal union (1)
- follow the money (1)
- forming (1)
- fragmented authoritarianism (1)
- fragmentierter Autoritarismus (1)
- free trade agreement (1)
- free will (1)
- freedom of assembly (1)
- functioning (1)
- fundamental national policy (1)
- gender (1)
- general principles of law (1)
- general theory of crime (1)
- geo-economics (1)
- geoblocking (1)
- geotargeting (1)
- gesellschaftlicher Konstitutionalismus (1)
- global environment (1)
- global justice (1)
- global law (1)
- global redistribution (1)
- global warming (1)
- globalisation (1)
- globalism (1)
- golden passports (1)
- golden shares (1)
- governance through information (1)
- green finance (1)
- grounds for decision (1)
- haircut (1)
- health (1)
- health law (1)
- hegemony theory (1)
- heimliche Metaphysik (1)
- historical perceptions (1)
- homo sacer (1)
- honesty (1)
- household finance (1)
- housing construction bureaus (1)
- human rights policy (1)
- höchstrichterliche Zivilrechtsprechung (1)
- identity and being (1)
- identity change (1)
- immaturity (1)
- incidence (1)
- inclusivity (1)
- income distribution (1)
- incommensurability (1)
- indeterminism (1)
- individual ethics (1)
- infrastructural power (1)
- innovation (1)
- institution (1)
- institutional construction (1)
- institutional investors (1)
- intelligence services (1)
- intergenerational justice (1)
- intermediaries (1)
- international labour standards (1)
- international legal theory (1)
- international treaties (1)
- internationales Recht (1)
- interpretation of legal rules (1)
- interpretivism (1)
- investor preferences (1)
- investor segmentation (1)
- jewish law (1)
- judging (1)
- judicial activism (1)
- judicial offices (1)
- judicial review (1)
- judicial understanding (1)
- juridical and non-juridical normative concepts (1)
- jurisdiction (1)
- jurisprudence (national) (1)
- juristische Argumentation (1)
- kalokagathia (1)
- labels (1)
- law (national) (1)
- law-making (1)
- legal authority (1)
- legal culture (1)
- legal doctrine (1)
- legal education (1)
- legal epistemology (1)
- legal norm (1)
- legal norms (1)
- legal policy (1)
- legal rationality (1)
- legal realism (1)
- legal standards (1)
- legal theories (1)
- legal transplants (1)
- legally binding force (1)
- legislation (1)
- legitimation (1)
- liability (1)
- liberal legalism (1)
- liberalism (1)
- liberdades civis (1)
- liberté d’expression (1)
- libéralisme (1)
- licence contracts (1)
- life cycle saving (1)
- limits to growth (1)
- litigation (1)
- living will (1)
- local Public Security Bureaus (1)
- local government (1)
- lokale Regierungen (1)
- lokale Ämter für Öffentliche Sicherheit (1)
- managerial judge (1)
- mandatory disclosure (1)
- market discipline (1)
- market supervision (1)
- market-making (1)
- mathematics (1)
- media pluralism (1)
- medieval law (1)
- mehrseitige Märkte (1)
- merchants (1)
- metaphor (1)
- method (1)
- methodological proposal (1)
- methodology in legal history (1)
- misinformation (1)
- model case procedure (1)
- modernism (1)
- modernity (1)
- moral dispositions (1)
- morphological freedom (1)
- mortgages (1)
- multi-normativity (1)
- multiculturalism (1)
- multinormativity (1)
- multiple-voting shares (1)
- mutmaßliche Einwilligung (1)
- nano-particles (1)
- nanotechnology (1)
- national identity (1)
- national laws (1)
- naturalization (1)
- negligence (1)
- negotiation (1)
- neighbouring right (1)
- net-zero transition (1)
- network effect (1)
- network effects (1)
- neues Publikum (1)
- neutralisation (1)
- new media (1)
- news publication (1)
- non-bank financial intermediation (1)
- non-state justice (1)
- non-voting shares (1)
- normative Ordnungen (1)
- normative resources (1)
- normative systems (1)
- normativity of law (1)
- oaths (1)
- off-market transactions in securities (1)
- omt (1)
- one share-one vote (1)
- ontology (1)
- open borders (1)
- order out of chaos (1)
- paradigm (1)
- parental rights (1)
- participation as complicity (1)
- party-state (1)
- passive Sterbehilfe (1)
- patent paradox (1)
- patent system (1)
- patents (1)
- personal morality (1)
- petitioning cases (1)
- philosophy of Law (1)
- phrónesis (1)
- piracy (1)
- point of view (1)
- political justice (1)
- political membership (1)
- political morality (1)
- political public sphere (1)
- political violence (1)
- politische Ästhetik (1)
- positivist paradigm (1)
- postmodern thought (1)
- postmodernity (1)
- precautionary measures (1)
- press publication (1)
- price stability (1)
- principal-agent theory (1)
- principles-based regulation (1)
- pringle (1)
- privacy (1)
- privacy-by-design (1)
- private companies (1)
- private markets (1)
- private ordering (1)
- privileges (1)
- procedural rules (1)
- procedure (1)
- product diversity (1)
- professional interests (1)
- prohibition of proprietary trading (1)
- propensity to patent (1)
- property qualification (1)
- property rights (1)
- proportional sacrifices (1)
- protected values (1)
- public discourse (1)
- public hearings (1)
- public markets (1)
- public-private-policy-mix (1)
- publicity of law (1)
- publisher (1)
- purchase (1)
- race (1)
- racial inequality (1)
- recruitment of professionals (1)
- regulation (1)
- regulatory competition (1)
- related right (1)
- religious authority (1)
- respect and protection of rights (1)
- responsible lending (1)
- retirement (1)
- richterliche Rollenbilder (1)
- richterliche Unabhängigkeit (1)
- rightness of natural reason (1)
- risk (1)
- risk assessment (1)
- risk design (1)
- risk-taking (1)
- risks (1)
- robot (1)
- rule of law (1)
- rule of law crisis (1)
- rule of reconition (1)
- römische Republik (1)
- sales contracts (1)
- sanctions (1)
- schlichte Einwilligung (1)
- science system (national) (1)
- scraping (1)
- securities markets (1)
- securities regulation (1)
- selective admission (1)
- self-closure (1)
- self-regulation (1)
- self-respect (1)
- settlement procedures (1)
- severity (1)
- shareholder activism (1)
- shareholderism (1)
- smarte Ordnungen (1)
- social costs (1)
- social damages (1)
- social engineering (1)
- social norms (1)
- social psychology (1)
- social rights (1)
- societal (1)
- sociology of Law (1)
- sociology of law (1)
- solidarity (1)
- sources of international law (1)
- sovereign debt (1)
- soziale Netzwerke (1)
- soziale Selbstbestimmung (1)
- sozialer Ausgleich (1)
- speech acts (1)
- stability (1)
- stakeholder theory (1)
- stakeholders (1)
- state aid (1)
- statische/dynamische Freiheit (1)
- statistical discrimination (1)
- statistical testing (1)
- stewardship codes (1)
- strict liability (1)
- structural power (1)
- structure of the norms (1)
- student rights (1)
- subsequent practice (1)
- substantiation (1)
- supreme courts (1)
- sustainable finance (1)
- sustainable fisheries (1)
- system (1)
- system theory (1)
- tax (1)
- tax justice (1)
- tax policy (1)
- taxes (1)
- taxonomies (1)
- technical barriers to trade (1)
- technocracy (1)
- technological change (1)
- technology (1)
- technology assessment (1)
- technology diffusion (1)
- teoria da hegemonia (1)
- teoria do direito (1)
- territorial scope of EU law (1)
- terrorism (1)
- terrorismo (1)
- test cases (1)
- text and data mining (1)
- the Club of Rome (1)
- the communicative competence (1)
- the educational and cognitive preparation (1)
- the future lawyer (1)
- the professional preparation (1)
- the rule of law (1)
- theoretical reflection (1)
- theory of justice (1)
- theory of law (1)
- theory of rationalization (1)
- tipping (1)
- torture (1)
- trade jurisdiction (1)
- trademark (1)
- trademark law (1)
- trademarks (1)
- transdisciplinarity (1)
- transhuman (1)
- transnational constitutionalism (1)
- transnational jurisprudence (1)
- transnational law (1)
- transnational security architecture (1)
- transnationales Wirtschaftsrecht. (1)
- treaties (1)
- truancy (1)
- two-aspect model of legal norm (1)
- türkisches Mediationsgesetz (1)
- ultima ratio (1)
- uncertainty (1)
- unechter Ausnahmezustand (1)
- unlautere Behinderung (1)
- unlautere Geschäftspraktiken (1)
- unverbesserliche Rückfalltäter (1)
- use of force (1)
- validity (1)
- value incommensurability (1)
- value pluralism (1)
- vertraglicher Drittschutz (1)
- verwaiste Werke (1)
- village committees (1)
- virtue (1)
- weak-willed actions (1)
- wealth distribution (1)
- wealth effects (1)
- weiwen (1)
- welfare state (1)
- world law (1)
- world society (1)
- § 263 StGB (1)
- § 68b Abs. 1 S. 1 Nr. 10 StGB (1)
- § 770 Abs. 1 BGB (1)
- §126a StGB (1)
- Änderungsrisiko (1)
- Åland (1)
- État constitutionnel (1)
- État social (1)
- Öffentliche Aufgaben (1)
- Öffentlicher Rundfunk (1)
- Öffentlicher Sektor (1)
- Öffentliches Recht (1)
- Ökonomie (1)
- Übernahmeangebot (1)
- Überschussbeteiligung (1)
- Übersicht (1)
- öffentlicher Raum (1)
- ökonomische Analyse (1)
- ‘dolphin-safe’ labels (1)
- “ethnic origins” (1)
Institute
- Rechtswissenschaft (1409)
- Präsidium (85)
- Sustainable Architecture for Finance in Europe (SAFE) (61)
- Exzellenzcluster Die Herausbildung normativer Ordnungen (56)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (54)
- House of Finance (HoF) (53)
- Center for Financial Studies (CFS) (48)
- Foundation of Law and Finance (41)
- Geschichtswissenschaften (24)
- Neuere Philologien (20)
We identify strong cross-border institutions as a driver for the globalization of in-novation. Using 67 million patents from over 100 patent offices, we introduce novel measures of innovation diffusion and collaboration. Exploiting staggered bilateral in-vestment treaties as shocks to cross-border property rights and contract enforcement, we show that signatory countries increase technology adoption and sourcing from each other. They also increase R&D collaborations. These interactions result in techno-logical convergence. The effects are particularly strong for process innovation, and for countries that are technological laggards or have weak domestic institutions. Increased inter-firm rather than intra-firm foreign investment is the key channel.
Using hand-collected data on CEO appointments during shareholder activism campaigns, this study examines whether shareholder involvement in CEO recruiting affects frictions in CEO hiring decisions. The results indicate that appointments of CEOs who are recruited with shareholder activist influence are followed by more favorable stock market reactions and stronger profitability improvements than CEO appointments that also occur during activism campaigns but without the influence of activists. I find little evidence that shareholder activists increase hiring frictions by facilitating the recruiting of CEOs who will implement myopic corporate policies. Analyses of recruiting process characteristics reveal that activist influence is associated with more resources being dedicated to the CEO search process and with a higher propensity to recruit CEOs from outside the firm. These findings contribute to the CEO labor market literature, which tends to focus on the decision to remove incumbent CEOs but provides limited insights into CEO recruiting.
This paper argues that the key mechanisms protecting retail investors’ financial stake in their portfolio investments are indirect. They do not rely on actions by the investors or by any private actor directly charged with looking after investors’ interests. Rather, they are provided by the ecosystem that investors (are legally forced to) inhabit, as a byproduct of the mostly self-interested, mutually and legally constrained behavior of third parties without a mandate to help the investors (e.g., speculators, activists). This elucidates key rules, resolves the mandatory vs. enabling tension in corporate/securities law, and exposes passive investing’s fragile reliance on others’ trading.
Do required minimum distribution 401(k) rules matter, and for whom? Insights from a lifecylce model
(2021)
Tax-qualified vehicles helped U.S. private-sector workers accumulate $25Tr in retirement assets. An often-overlooked important institutional feature shaping decumulations from these retirement plans is the “Required Minimum Distribution” (RMD) regulation, requiring retirees to withdraw a minimum fraction from their retirement accounts or pay excise taxes on withdrawal shortfalls. Our calibrated lifecycle model measures the impact of RMD rules on financial behavior of heterogeneous households during their worklives and retirement. We show that proposed reforms to delay or eliminate the RMD rules should have little effects on consumption profiles but more impact on withdrawals and tax payments for households with bequest motives.
Expectations about economic variables vary systematically across genders. In the domain of inflation, women have persistently higher expectations than men. We argue that traditional gender roles are a significant factor in generating this gender expectations gap as they expose women and men to different economic signals in their daily lives. Using unique data on the participation of men and women in household grocery chores, their resulting exposure to price signals, and their inflation expectations, we document a tight link between the gender expectations gap and the distribution of grocery shopping duties. Because grocery prices are highly volatile, and consumers focus disproportionally on positive price changes, frequent exposure to grocery prices increases perceptions of current inflation and expectations of future inflation. The gender expectations gap is largest in households whose female heads are solely responsible for grocery shopping, whereas no gap arises in households that split grocery chores equally between men and women. Our results indicate that gender differences in inflation expectations arise due to social conditioning rather than through differences in innate abilities, skills, or preferences.
This paper aims at an improved understanding of the relationship between monetary policy and racial inequality. We investigate the distributional effects of monetary policy in a unified framework, linking monetary policy shocks both to earnings and wealth differentials between black and white households. Specifically, we show that, although a more accommodative monetary policy increases employment of black households more than white households, the overall effects are small. At the same time, an accommodative monetary policy shock exacerbates the wealth difference between black and white households, because black households own less financial assets that appreciate in value. Over multi-year time horizons, the employment effects are substantially smaller than the countervailing portfolio effects. We conclude that there is little reason to think that accommodative monetary policy plays a significant role in reducing racial inequities in the way often discussed. On the contrary, it may well accentuate inequalities for extended periods.
Our starting point is the following simple but potentially underappreciated observation: When assessing willingness to pay (WTP) for hedonic features of a product, the results of such measurement are influenced by the context in which the consumer makes her real or hypothetical choice or in which the questions to which she replies are set (such as in a contingent valuation analysis). This observation is of particular relevance when WTP regards sustainability, the “non-use value” of which does not derive from a direct (physical) sensation and where perceived benefits depend heavily on available information and deliberations. The recognition of such context sensitivity paves the way for a broader conception of consumer welfare (CW), and our proposed standard of “reflective WTP” may materially change the scope for private market initiatives with regards to sustainability, while keeping the analytical framework within the realm of the CW paradigm. In terms of practical implications, we argue, for instance, that actual purchasing decisions may prove insufficient to measure consumer appreciation of sustainability, as they may rather echo learnt but unreflected heuristics and may be subject to the specific shopping context, such as heavy price promotions. Also, while it may reflect current social norm, the latter may change considerably over time as more consumers adopt their behavior.
We present evidence on the way personal and institutional factors could together guide public company directors in decision-making concerning shareholders and stakeholders. In a sample comprising more than nine hundred directors originating from over fifty countries and serving in firms from twenty three countries, we confirm that directors around the world hold a principled, quasi-ideological stance towards shareholders and stakeholders, called shareholderism, on which they vary in line with their personal values. We theorize and find that in addition to personal values, directors’ shareholderism level associates with cultural norms that are conducive to entrepreneurship. Among legal factors, only creditor protection exhibits a negative correlation with shareholderism, while general legal origin and proxies for shareholder and employee protection are unrelated to it.
We show strong overall and heterogeneous economic incidence effects, as well as distortionary effects, of only shifting statutory incidence (i.e., the agent on which taxes are levied), without any tax rate change. For identification, we exploit a tax change and administrative data from the credit market: (i) a policy change in 2018 in Spain shifting an existing mortgage tax from being levied on borrowers to being levied on banks; (ii) some areas, for historical reasons, were exempt from paying this tax (or have different tax rates); and (iii) an exhaustive matched credit register. We find the following robust results: First, after the policy change, the average mortgage rate increases consistently with a strong – but not complete – tax pass-through. Second, there is a large heterogeneity in such pass-through: larger for borrowers with lower income, a smaller number of lending relationships, not working for the lender, or facing less banks in their zip-code, thereby suggesting a bargaining power mechanism at work. Third, despite no variation in the tax rate, and consistent with the non-full tax pass-through, the tax shift increases banks’ risk-taking. More affected banks reduce costly mortgage insurance in case of loan default (especially so if banks have weaker ex-ante balance sheets) and expand into non-affected but (much) ex-ante riskier consumer lending, experiencing even higher ex-post defaults within consumer loans.
This paper shows that judicial enforcement has substantial effects on firms’ decisions with regard to their employment policies. To establish causality, I exploit a reorganization of the court districts in Italy involving judicial district mergers as a shock to court productivity. I find that an improvement in enforcement, as measured by a reduction in average trial length, has a large, positive effect on firm employment. These effects are stronger in firms with high leverage, or that belong to industries more dependent on external finance and characterized by higher complementarity between labor and capital, consistent with a financing channel driving the results. Moreover, in presence of stronger enforcement, firms can raise more debt to dampen the impact of negative shocks and, in this way, reduce employment fluctuations.
We present novel evidence on the value of cross-border political access. We analyze data on meetings of US multinational enterprises (MNEs) with European Commission (EC) policymakers. Meetings with Commissioners are associated with positive abnormal equity returns. We study channels of value creation through political access in the areas of regulation and taxation. US enterprises with EC meetings are more likely to receive favorable outcomes in their European merger decisions and have lower effective tax rates on foreign income than their peers without meetings. Our results suggest that access to foreign policymakers is of substantial value for MNEs.
We investigate the impact of reporting regulation on corporate innovation. Exploiting thresholds in Europe’s regulation and a major enforcement reform in Germany, we find that forcing firms to publicly disclose their financial statements discourages innovative activities. Our evidence suggests that reporting regulation has significant real effects by imposing proprietary costs on innovative firms, which in turn diminish their incentives to innovate. At the industry level, positive information spillovers (e.g., to competitors, suppliers, and customers) appear insufficient to compensate the negative direct effect on the prevalence of innovative activity. The spillovers instead appear to concentrate innovation among a few large firms in a given industry. Thus, financial reporting regulation has important aggregate and distributional effects on corporate innovation.
Extant research shows that CEO characteristics affect earnings management. This paper studies how investors infer a specific characteristic of CEOs, namely moral commitment to honesty, from earnings management and how this perception – in conjunction with their own social and moral preferences – shapes their investment choices. We conduct two laboratory experiments simulating investment choices. Our results show that participants perceive a CEO to be more committed to honesty when they infer that the CEO engaged less in earnings management. For investment decisions, a one standard deviation increase in a CEO's perceived commitment to honesty compared to another CEO reduces the relevance of differences in the CEOs’ claimed future returns by 40%. This effect is most prominent among investors with a proself value orientation. To prosocial investors, their own honesty values and those attributed to the CEO matter directly, while returns play a secondary role. Overall, perceived CEO honesty matters to different investors for distinct reasons.
This paper documents that resource reallocation across firms is an important mechanism through which creditor rights affect real outcomes. I exploit the staggered adoption of an international convention that provides globally consistent strong creditor protection for aircraft finance. After this reform, country-level productivity in the aviation sector increases by 12%, driven mostly by across-firm reallocation. Productive airlines borrow more, expand, and adopt new technology at the expense of unproductive ones. Such reallocation is facilitated by (i) easier and quicker asset redeployment; and (ii) the influx of foreign financiers offering innovative financial products to improve credit allocative efficiency. I further document an increase in competition and an improvement in the breadth and the quality of products available to consumers.
In times of crisis, governments have strong incentives to influence banks’ credit allocation because the survival of the economy depends on it. How do governments make banks “play along”? This paper focuses on the state-guaranteed credit programs (SGCPs) that have been implemented in Europe to help firms survive the COVID 19 crisis. Governments’ capacity to save the economy depends on banks’ capacity to grant credit to struggling firms (which they would not be inclined to do spontaneously in the context of a global pandemic). All governments thus face the same challenge: How do they make sure that state guaranteed loans reach their desired target and on what terms? Based on a comparative analysis of the elaboration and implementation of SGCPs in France and Germany, this paper shows that historically-rooted institutionalized modes of coordination between state and bank actors have largely shaped the terms of the SGCPs in these two countries.
An important question in banking is how strict supervision affects bank lending and in turn local business activity. Supervisors forcing banks to recognize losses could choke off lending and amplify local economic woes. But stricter supervision could also change how banks assess and manage loans. Estimating such effects is challenging. We exploit the extinction of the thrift regulator (OTS) to analyze economic links between strict supervision, bank lending and business activity. We first show that the OTS replacement indeed resulted in stricter supervision of former OTS banks. Next, we analyze the ensuing lending effects. We show that former OTS banks increase small business lending by roughly 10 percent. This increase is concentrated in well-capitalized banks, those more affected by the new regime, and cannot be fully explained by a reallocation from mortgage to small business lending after the crisis. These findings suggest that stricter supervision operates not only through capital but can also correct deficiencies in bank management and lending practices, leading to more lending and a reallocation of loans.
n today’s world, the transfer of laws and regulations between different legal systems is commonplace. The global spread of stewardship codes in recent years presents a promising, but yet untested, terrain to explore the diffusion of such norms. This paper aims to fill this gap. Employing the method of content analysis and using information from 41 stewardship codes enacted between 1991 and 2019, we systematically examine the formal diffusion of these stewardship codes. While we find support for the diffusion story of the UK as a stewardship norm exporter, especially in former British colonies in Asia, we also find evidence of diffusion from transnational initiatives, such as the EFAMA and ICGN codes, as well as regional clusters. We also show that the UK Stewardship Code of 2020 now deviates from these current models; thus, it remains to be seen how far a second round of exportation of the revised UK model into the transnational arena will follow.
When parties present divergent econometric evidence, the court may view such evidence as contradictory and thus ignore it completely, without conducting closer analysis. We develop a simple method for distinguishing between actual and merely apparent contradiction based on the statistical concept of the “severity” of the furnished evidence. Again using “severity”, we also propose a method for reconciling divergent findings in instances of mere seeming contradiction. Our chosen application is that of damage estimation in follow-on cases.
This paper contributes to the debate on the adequate regulatory treatment of non-bank financial intermediation (NBFI). It proposes an avenue for regulators to keep regulatory arbitrage under control and preserve sufficient space for efficient financial innovation at the same time. We argue for a normative approach to supervision that can overcome the proverbial race between hare and hedgehog in financial regulation and demonstrate how such an approach can be implemented in practice. We first show that regulators should primarily analyse the allocation of tail risk inherent in NBFI. Our paper proposes to apply regulatory burdens equivalent to prudential banking regulation if the respective transactional structures become only viable through indirect or direct access to (ad hoc) public backstops. Second, we use insights from the scholarship on regulatory networks as communities of interpretation to demonstrate how regulators can retrieve the information on transactional innovations and their risk-allocating characteristics that they need to make the pivotal determination. We suggest in particular how supervisors should structure their relationships with semi-public gatekeepers such as lawyers, auditors and consultants to keep abreast of the risk-allocating features of evolving transactional structures. Finally, this paper uses the example of credit funds as non-bank entities economically engaged in credit intermediation to illustrate the merits of the proposed normative framework and to highlight that multipolar regulatory dialogues are needed to shed light on the specific risk-allocating characteristics of recent contractual innovations.
Venture capital-backed firms, unavoidable value-destroying trade sales, and fair value protections
(2020)
This paper investigates the implications of the fair value protections contemplated by the standard corporate contract (i.e., the standard contract form for which corporate law provides) for the entrepreneur–venture capitalist relationship, focusing, in particular, on unavoidable value-destroying trade sales. First, it demonstrates that the typical entrepreneur–venture capitalist contract does institutionalize the venture capitalist’s liquidity needs, allowing, under some circumstances, for counterintuitive instances of contractually-compliant value destruction. Unavoidable value-destroying
trade sales are the most tangible example. Next, it argues that fair value protections can prevent the entrepreneur and venture capitalist from allocating the value that these transactions generate as they would want. Then, it shows that the reality of venture capital-backed firms calls for a process of adaptation of the standard corporate contract that has one major step in the deactivation or re-shaping of fair value protections. Finally, it argues that a standard corporate contract aiming to promote social welfare through venture capital should feature flexible fair value protections