Studia Germanistica 27
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The topic of this paper is legal language and its integration into the teaching process in the training of translators working in the language combination German / Slovak; this area of didactics is relatively unexplored in Slovakia. The main aim of the study is to emphasize the importance of developing professional translation competence as part of translator training, as this competence is of significant assistance when creating content-correct translations. Based on an analysis of student translations, the article lists the most common problems encountered when translating legal texts, mainly related to the use of incorrect translation strategies.
Clothing plays an important role in the tragedy 'König Ottokars Glück und Ende' by the Austrian dramatist Franz Grillparzer - however, this role has not yet been adequately explored. Coats, jackets, helmets and garters are not mere props in the play; sometimes they are elevated to the level of symbols which can (and indeed must) be interpreted. Two types of garment play a particularly important symbolic role: Emperor Rudolf's grey jacket (jerkin) and King Ottokar's gold-embroidered coat. The King's coat is a symbol of his power and authority, yet it also evokes his alienation from his Bohemian subjects. It can also be interpreted as an allusion to the French Emperor Napoleon, whose features are clearly transferred into the figure of Ottokar.
This paper presents some results from a wider study which aims to define the features of German medical textbooks from a diachronic perspective. The medical textbook is presented here as a genre-class (Textsortenklasse) subsuming all texts written for didactic purposes in the field of medicine, i.e. texts aiming to present the theoretical and practical background required in this particular specialist professional field. Since the lingua franca of academic communication was Latin until the 18th century, the corpus used for this study mainly comprises surgery textbooks. The paper focuses solely on structural aspects of textbooks, seeking to show how these aspects functionally contribute to the realization of the general textual function and thereby constitute a historically established conventionalized scheme underlying genres. However, a thorough and effective description of a genre-class requires a much more extensive approach including more interrelated levels of analysis.
The author of this article analyses 50 articles from the field of business German and 50 texts written by students of business German. The article focuses on the filling of the 'Vorfeld' (clause-initial position), using the topological sentence model developed by Drach. The following types of texts are researched: newspaper and journal articles, textbooks of business German, essays by students, and Bachelor theses. The author hypothesizes that the students fill the 'Vorfeld' more often with the subject than is the case in the authentic German business texts, where adverbials and objects are also common in this position. Didactic methods are recommended which should help students to develop a command of natural sentence structures.
The study presented in this article investigates the resources of legal terminology used in an important legal document written by the Olomouc court scribe Jindřich Polan. The first part of the study describes the development of German legal terminology in four stages, from the compilation of the 'Sachsenspiegel' until the beginning of the 19th century. The second part deals with the characteristics of German legal terms in Polan's regulations, and the third part discusses the use of legal terminology of Latin origin in the same document. Polan's approach to Latin loanwords is also analyzed - especially his approach to their semanticization, which is intended to simplify users' understanding of the text and the morphology of loanwords.
Phraseolexemes and sentence-like phraseologisms taken from the novel 'Windlichter des Todes. Roman aus Siam' (1933) prove that Alma M. Karlin is rightly known as a linguistically creative author. It can be shown that Karlin often uses patterns of occasionalisms (modifications and neologisms) to support the aesthetic and artistic value of the novel.
Globalisierung durch reduzierte Fachwörter, oder Elemente einer beinahe universellen Lingua franca?
(2020)
This paper focuses on multi-segmental acronyms ('Kurzwörter'), whose use was initially condemned by German linguistic purists as a manifestation of language decay. However, the desire for abbreviation has not abated: multi-segmental acronyms are being used more and more. Without them, technical language would no longer be conceivable today. But are they only popular because of their brevity? This article investigates the advantages of using multi-segmental acronyms in technical texts, as well as exploring a kind of globalization process affecting technical languages, manifested in a new kind of embedding of English and English-transmitted technical terms.
