840 Literaturen romanischer Sprachen; Französische Literatur
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For Baudelaire, the barbarian is a figure of predilection. At first, it is a literary character that he got acquainted with through the works of Chateaubriand and E. A. Poe. The barbarian is linked to poetry as well; he brings to mind the condition of the exiled, the solitary figure far away from his homeland (such as in Delacroix's Ovid among the Scythians). But, most of all, the barbarian gives the opportunity to Baudelaire to refine his idea of Beauty: at the 1855 Universal Exhibition, he confronts himself for the first time to Chinese art – labelled "barbarian art" back then. Far from agreeing with this description, Baudelaire refutes it and forces himself to shift his critical perspective: his challenge will be to adapt himself, accommodate his taste and become "as barbarian" as the works he beholds in order to appreciate one of these "specimen of universal beauty". This reflexion shall continue in his essay, 'The Painter of Modern Life' (1863), in which he describes Constantin Guys' way of drawing as being moved by an "inevitable barbarousness". In this article, our aim will be to trace the evolution of Baudelaire's conception and different uses of the term "barbarian" through his aesthetical, poetical and literary writings.
Mythes et identités antillaises : l'auto-exotisme dans l'écriture martiniquaise et guadeloupéenne
(2003)
Ouvrages représentatifs de deux types d'écriture de l'exotisme, l'un né en Guadeloupe, l'autre en Martinique, 'La colonie du nouveau monde' (1993) de Maryse Condé et 'Texaco' (1992) de Patrick Chamoiseau illustrent un rapport divergent à la fois à l'Autre (la métropole) et à soi-même (la culture antillaise). Ainsi, l'interrogation de la notion d'identité caractéristique de l'écriture torturée de bon nombre d'écrivains guadeloupéens tels Maryse Condé, Gisèle Pineau et Daniel Maximin fait pendant à la certitude affichée des défenseurs d'une identité créole martiniquaise dont Patrick Chamoiseau, Raphaël Confiant et Edouard Glissant. Afin de comprendre l'ambiguïté culturelle des départements d'outre-mer antillais, ceux-là introduisent le thème de la folie dans le développement de leurs personnages-individus, tandis que ceux-ci affirment des archétypes à travers la recreation du mythe fondateur.
Pränationalismus als Postnationalismus : zur osmanenfreundlichen Levante-Nostalgie bei Amin Maalouf
(2012)
Die Eingangsszene von Amin Maaloufs Roman 'Die Reisen des Herrn Baldassare' ruft eine untergegangene Epoche auf, in deren Zentrum der in den Metropolen der damaligen Welt bekannte Laden des Titelhelden steht. Kulturelle - vor allem religiöse - Grenzen sind den Protagonisten bewusst, sind aber weniger Anlass sich fremd zu fühlen, als Ansporn zu vornehmem und höflich -rücksichtsvollem Benehmen: "So lag uns viel daran, kein Wort zu sagen, das den Glauben des anderen hätte verletzen können." Der Roman entwickelt das Panorama eines vielschichtigen mediterranen Kulturraums, der jüdisch-christlich-islamisch geprägt ist und von Händlern und Gelehrten aus Nord und Süd, Orient und Okzident, gleichermaßen durchzogen wird.
Documents humains
(1888)
Many critics have pointed out the importance of revelation by John of Patmos as an intertext in Michel Tournier's "Le roi des aulnes" [...]. They normally refer to the apocalyptic ending of the novel as the most obvious link with the Johannine text. This connection is obvious not only because the final scene is the destruction of Kaltenborn castle with all its inhabitants (and by extension the destruction of the entire Third Reich), but also because there are direct references to revelation in Tournier's text [...]. However, the importance of Johannine discourse goes well beyond this overt intertextuality.