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Ich stelle fest – und mich zumindest erstaunte das –, dass es zwischen Literaturwissenschaft und Biotechnologie in einem wirklich zentralen Bereich interdisziplinäre Berührungspunkte gibt. Dass auch die Frage nach dem gelingende oder scheiternde Symbolgebrauch hier hinzugehört, werde ich im Folgenden zu zeigen versuchen. Ich befasse mich zu diesem Zweck mit der Schaffung von künstlichen Menschen in der fiktionalen Literatur und frage, welche Rolle der Symbolgebrauch und die Erzeugung semantischer Information in diesem Vorgang jeweils spielt. Im Speziellen wird es gehen um die Entzifferung von Lebensschrift bei GOETHE, ARNIM und MEYRINK.
The article engages in a close reading of Goethe's sonnet "Mächtiges Überraschen", published in the sonnet cycle of 1807. In it the poetic voice evokes a mountain river whose course is suddenly interrupted by the limiting force of a dam. Paradoxically, however, the effect of this is not stagnation, but the emergence and celebration of a "new life". This paradox will be illuminated by a discussion of Goethe's "Morphologie" as a universal scientific method. Morphology studies the infinite variety of (natural) forms while also insisting on their individual limitation. Goethe's understanding of life lingers on the co-presence of "coined form" and "living development" as he formulates it in "Urworte. Orphisch". "Mächtiges Überraschen" is read as a poem that embodies this fundamental polarity. The sonnet refers time and again to the borders and limitations of both the natural image it evokes and its own poetic properties. Simultaneously, it suggests the transgression of these limitations on both a formal (or structural) and a metaphorical level. As a poetological sonnet, "Mächtiges Überraschen" unifies the representation (of a natural event) with a reflection on representation as such. The announcement of a "new life" in the last stanza of the poem is thus read as an announcement of its own coming-into-being.