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The title of the conference that took place in the Dance Studies department of the University of Salzburg on January 23rd and 24th - Post-utopia and Europe in the performing arts - was an invitation to grapple not only with the subject matter announced, but also with the very conception of its terms. The interdisciplinary contributions to the conference - from dance studies, musicology, literature, cultural policy and film studies - presented a multifaceted range of ideas both about Europe and European-ness and about (post-)utopia, pushing and pulling the notions in a tense field of reflection.
At least in the past, banking in continental Europe has been characterised by a number of features that are quite specific to the region. They include the following: (1) banks play a strong role in their respective financial systems; (2) universal banking is prevalent; (3) not strictly profit-oriented banks play a significant role; and (4) there are considerable differences between national banking systems. It can be safely assumed that the future of banking in Europe will be shaped by three major external developments: deregulation and liberalisation; advances in information technology; and economic, financial and monetary integration. The overall consequences of these developments would be much too vast a topic to be addressed in one short paper. Therefore the present paper concentrates on the following question: Are the traditional peculiarities of the banking and financial systems of continental Europe likely to disappear as a consequence of the aforementioned external developments or are they more likely to remain in spite of these developments? The external developments affect the features specific to banking in continental Europe only indirectly and only via the strategies selected and pursued by the various players in the financial systems, notably the banks themselves, and in ways which strongly depend on the structure of the banking industry and the level of competition between banks and other providers of financial services. The paper develops an informal model of the relationships between (1) external developments, (2) bank strategies and the structure of the banking industry, and (3) the peculiarities of banking in Europe, and derives a hypothesis predicting which of the traditional peculiarities are likely to disappear and which are likely to remain. It argues that, overall, the peculiarities are not likely to disappear in the short or the medium term. First version June 2000. This version March 2001.
The main argument in this paper is that new information and communication technologies (ICT) in the financial industry will increase specialisation and competition within the European financial centre system and thereby lead to a ‘re-bundling’ of functions of the various financial centres. Frankfurt plays an interesting role in this development as it is one of the main development centres for ‘financial technology’. With these technologies, remote access to the Frankfurt stock exchange and inter-bank payment system is now feasible from most European cities. This leads to a reduced need for physical presence, which opens up new possibilities for the financial sector’s spatial organisation. However, as financial production is information- and knowledge-intensive, spatial and other types of proximity between financial actors and clients are still essential in many stages. We examine the value chains of three different products (advisory, lending, trading) with regard to different proximities, in order to identify possible patterns of their spatial (re)organisation. From these findings, inferences are drawn for a ‘new’ role for Frankfurt in the European financial centre system.
This contribution gathers eight interviews with international scholars of different generations and disciplines who study Black European literatures: Elisabeth Bekers, Jeannot Moukouri Ekobe, Polo B. Moji, Deborah Nyangulu, Jeannette Oholi, Anne Potjans, Nadjib Sadikou, and Dominic Thomas. The aim is to make literary research on Black Europe more visible to scholars in comparative literature and to contribute to a discussion on research perspectives, theories, and future challenges and needs.
European scholars, colonial administrators, missionaries, bibliophiles and others were the main collectors of Malay books in the nineteenth century, both in manuscript or printed form. Among these persons were many well-known names in the field of Malay literature and culture like Raffles, Marsden, Crawfurd, Klinkert, van der Tuuk, von Dewall, Roorda, Favre, Maxwell, Overbeck, Wilkinson and Skeat, to name only a few. Their collections were often handed over to public libraries where they form an important part of the relevant Oriental or Southeast Asian manuscript collections.
Therefore the knowledge of the intellectual culture of the Malay Peninsula and the Malay World in general depended very much on these manuscripts and printed books collected often by chance or in a rather unsystematic way. The collections reflect in a strong sense the interests of its administrative or philologist collectors: court histories, genealogies of aristocratic lineages, law collections (adat-istiadat as well as undangundang) or prose belles-lettres build a vast bulk of these collections, while Islamic religious texts and poetry forms popular in the 19th century (especially syair) are fairly underrepresented. Malay manuscripts and books located in religious institutions like mosques or pondok/pesantren schools have not been searched for; until today there are more or less no systematic studies of these collections. As in some statistics religious texts build about 20% of all existing Malay manuscripts, their neglect by Europeans scholars leads to a distorted view of the literary culture in the Malay language.
Robert S. C. Gordon's article 'Pasolini as Jew, Between Israel and Europe' examines a remarkable trope in Pasolini's encounter with the cultures and geographies of Europe and its beyond: his imaginary identification with the figure of the Jew. Gordon examines in turn the site of Israel and its Jewish citizens; the 'Lager' and the Jews as victims of genocide; and finally the figure of Saint Paul and his earlier Jewish identity as Saul, both sacred and a figure of the Law, as a model for the twentieth-century Church and its ambiguous response to Nazism. In all three of these threads, Pasolini's Jew is a 'queer' and destabilizing trope for exploring the border of the European and the non-European, the self and the other.
The introduction informs about Black literary imaginations of Europe that reverse or complicate the (neo-)colonialist European gaze at the "African Other". It reviews the state of research and provides an overview of the aims and sources of the special issue, whose individual contributions take into account both national specificities and transnational contexts. Sandra Folie and Gianna Zocco emphasise the important role of comparative literature for the field of African European studies (and vice-versa).
"Eurocomprehension" is the term used to describe European intercomprehension in Europe’s three major language families, the Romance, the Slavic and the Germanic. The aim of eurocomprehension is to achieve multilingualism conforming to EU language policy goals through the entry-point of receptive competence in a modular structure. Linguistic intercomprehension research forms the transfer bases for the cognitive use of relations between the language groups which didactics of multilingualism implement. ...
The following paper critically discusses the idea of a learning platform for teaching and learning at universities in an international context highlighting several social questions that arise in relation to questions of higher education and mobility. By using the example of the proposed platform, the paper touches on existing social inequalities in a complex system of international university landscapes and current educational and political changes by relating the discussed topics to the Four Freedoms of the European Union, namely the free movement of capital, goods, services and people. Based on the discussion of the ambivalence of benefits and limitations of current changes in higher education especially in relation to mobility, the paper discusses innovative ideas using new technical opportunities and critically asks whether these ideas are necessary and helpful in order to reduce limitations and inequalities or whether it might instead just shift these limitations and inequalities, thus pointing at wider structural and political problems within higher education and educational policies.