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Die vorliegende Untersuchung befasst sich mit verschiedenen Aspekten des Frauenbilds sowohl in der deutschen als auch in der arabischen bzw. orientalischen Literatur des Mittelalters.
Zu den untersuchenden Aspekten gehören zum Beispiel die Stellung der Frau in der Gesellschaft sowohl religiös als auch sozial, Rolle und Einfluss der Frau, Beschreibung der Schönheit der Frau, Beziehung zwischen Mann und Frau, Minne als Zentralmotiv, Ehe als sozialbedingte Lebensform sowie adlige Dame und bäuerliche Frau als Gegenbild.
Die Forschung wird sich auf bestimmte Textsorten der mittelalterlichen Literatur stützen, um mittels dieser induktiven Methode ein konkretes Bild zu geben und die verschiedenen Hauptelemente der Untersuchung zu betonen.
Diese Werke sind die klassischen höfischen Artusromane z.B. Erec, Iwein, Parzival und Tristan und Isolde in der deutschen Literatur des Mittelalters sowie Erzählungen aus der Geschichtensammlung von 1001 Nacht, der Antarroman und die Geschichte von Laila und Madjnun in der orientalischen Literatur des Mittelalters.
Das Bild der Frau ist ein Thema, das bis heute ein Schwerpunkt in vielen literarischen Werken bildet, der aber während der gesamten Epoche des Mittelalters eine besondere Bedeutung hatte. Das könnte auf die unterschiedlichen Darstellungsweisen vom Bild der Frau zurückzuführen, und wie sie in den verschiedenen Kulturen zum Ausdruck gebracht werden.
The decays of χc2→K+K−π0, KSK±π∓ and π+π−π0 are studied with the ψ(3686) data samples collected with the Beijing Spectrometer (BESIII). For the first time, the branching fractions of χc2→K∗K¯¯¯¯¯, χc2→a±2(1320)π∓/a02(1320)π0 and χc2→ρ(770)±π∓ are measured. Here K∗K¯¯¯¯¯ denotes both K∗±K∓ and K∗0K¯¯¯¯¯0+c.c., and K∗ denotes the resonances K∗(892), K∗2(1430) and K∗3(1780). The observations indicate a strong violation of the helicity selection rule in χc2 decays into vector and pseudoscalar meson pairs. The measured branching fractions of χc2→K∗(892)K¯¯¯¯¯ are more than 20 times larger than that of χc2→ρ(770)±π∓, which implies the effects are largely due to U-spin symmetry breaking, rather than just isospin symmetry breaking in charmonium decays.
The decays of χc2→K+K−π0, KSK±π∓ and π+π−π0 are studied with the ψ(3686) data samples collected with the Beijing Spectrometer (BESIII). For the first time, the branching fractions of χc2→K∗K¯¯¯¯¯, χc2→a±2(1320)π∓/a02(1320)π0 and χc2→ρ(770)±π∓ are measured. Here K∗K¯¯¯¯¯ denotes both K∗±K∓ and K∗0K¯¯¯¯¯0+c.c., and K∗ denotes the resonances K∗(892), K∗2(1430) and K∗3(1780). The observations indicate a strong violation of the helicity selection rule in χc2 decays into vector and pseudoscalar meson pairs. The measured branching fractions of χc2→K∗(892)K¯¯¯¯¯ are more than 20 times larger than that of χc2→ρ(770)±π∓, which implies the effects are largely due to U-spin symmetry breaking, rather than just isospin symmetry breaking in charmonium decays.
By analyzing 2.93 fb−1 of data taken at the ψ(3770) resonance peak with the BESIII detector, we measure the branching fractions for the hadronic decays D+ → K0S K0S K +, D+ → K0S K0Sπ+, D0 → K0S K0S and D0 → K0S K0S K0S . They are determined to be B(D+ → K0S K0S K +) = (2.54 ± 0.05stat. ± 0.12sys.) × 10−3, B(D+ → K0S K0Sπ+) = (2.70 ± 0.05stat. ± 0.12sys.) × 10−3, B(D0 → K0S K0S ) = (1.67 ± 0.11stat. ± 0.11sys.) × 10−4 and B(D0 → K0S K0S K0S ) = (7.21 ± 0.33stat. ± 0.44sys.) × 10−4, where the second one is measured for the first time and the others are measured with significantly improved precision over the previous measurements.
Measurement of the e+e−→π+π− cross section between 600 and 900 MeV using initial state radiation
(2016)
We extract the e+e− →π+π− cross section in the energy range between 600 and 900 MeV, exploiting the method of initial state radiation. A data set with an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 taken at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider is used. The cross section is measured with a systematic uncertainty of 0.9%. We extract the pion form factor |Fπ|2 as well as the contribution of the measured cross section to the leading-order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to (g−2)μ. We find this value to be aππ,LO μ (600–900 MeV) = (368.2 ±2.5stat±3.3sys) ·10−10, which is between the corresponding values using the BaBar or KLOE data.
In der folgenden Anleitung werden diverse Methoden für den Zugriff auf das Ressourcen-Management, entwickelt von der AG Texttechnologie, erläutert. Das Ressourcen-Management ist für alle Anwendungen identisch. Erklärt wird das Auslesen des Ressourcen-Managements der Projects „PHI Picturing Atlas“. Alle Anweisungen erfolgen per RESTful-Aufrufen. Die API-Dokumentation findet sich unter http://phi.resources.hucompute.org.
The First World War brought devastating consequences for German linguistics. Formerly one of the most prestigious foreign languages taught at schools and universities outside Germany, after the war German disappeared from almost all curricula abroad. Furthermore, it proved impossible to establish a structuralist school (such as the Prague school) in Germany. The article suggests that this was neither due to the long tradition of the Jungian grammarians nor due to the Nazis' official condemnation of structuralism as being incompatible with the ideology of the state. It is shown that such a development should instead be attributed to the so-called "Krieg der Geister" ("war of the intellect"), which remained present even after the military peace (1918) amid a feeling of national insecurity. The article concludes that such a nationalistic social and political environment proved to be fertile ground for Whorfianism, and the influence of the so-called 'Sprachinhaltsforschung' prevailed towards structuralism.
Interactional niche in the development of geometrical and spatial thinking in the familial context
(2016)
In the analysis of mathematics education in early childhood it is necessary to consider the familial context, which has a significant influence on development in early childhood. Many reputable international research studies emphasize that the more children experience mathematical situations in their families, the more different emerging forms of participation occur for the children that enable them to learn mathematics in the early years. In this sense mathematical activities in the familial context are cornerstones of children’s mathematical development, which is also affected by the ethnic, cultural, educational and linguistic features of their families. Germany has a population of approximately 82 million, about 7.2 million of whom are immigrants (Statisches Bundesamt 2009, pp.28-32). Children in immigrant families grow up with multiculturalism and multilingualism, therefore these children are categorized as a risk group in Germany. “Early Steps in Mathematics Learning – Family Study” (erStMaL-FaSt) is the one of the first familial studies in Germany to deal with the impact of familial socialization on mathematics learning. The study enables us to observe children from different ethnic groups with their family members in different mathematical play situations. The family study (erStMaL-FaSt) is empirically performed within the framework of the erStMaL (Early Steps in Mathematics Learning) project, which relates to the investigation of longitudinal mathematical cognitive development in preschool and early primary-school ages from a socio-constructivist perspective. This study uses two selected mathematical domains, Geometry and Measurement, and four play situations within these two mathematical domains.
My PhD study is situated in erStMaL-FaSt. Therefore, in the beginning of this first chapter, I briefly touch upon IDeA Centre and the erStMaL project and then elaborate on erStMaL-FaSt. As parts of my research concepts, I specify two themes of erStMaL-FaSt: family and play. Thereafter I elaborate upon my research interest. The aim of my study is the research and development of theoretical insights in the functioning of familial interactions for the formation of geometrical (spatial) thinking and learning of children of Turkish ethnic background. Therefore, still in Chapter 1, I present some background on the Turkish people who live in Germany and the spatial development of the children.
This study is designed as a longitudinal study and constructed from interactionist and socio-constructivist perspectives. From a socio-constructivist perspective the cognitive development of an individual is constitutively bound to the participation of this individual in a variety of social interactions. In this regard the presence of each family member provides the child with some “learning opportunities” that are embedded in the interactive process of negotiation of meaning about mathematical play. During the interaction of such various mathematical learning situations, there occur different emerging forms of participation and support. For the purpose of analysing the spatial development of a child in interaction processes in play situations with family members, various statuses of participation are constructed and theoretically described in terms of the concept of the “interactional niche in the development of mathematical thinking in the familial context” (NMT-Family) (Acar & Krummheuer, 2011), which is adapted to the special needs of familial interaction processes. The concept of the “interactional niche in the development of mathematical thinking” (NMT) consists of the “learning offerings” provided by a group or society, which are specific to their culture and are categorized as aspects of “allocation”, and of the situationally emerging performance occurring in the process of meaning negotiation, both of which are subsumed under the aspect of the “situation”, and of the individual contribution of the particular child, which constitutes the aspect of “child’s contribution” (Krummheuer 2011a, 2011b, 2012, 2014; Krummheuer & Schütte 2014). Thereby NMT-Family is constructed as a subconcept of NMT, which offers the advantage of closer analyses and comparisons between familial mathematical learning occasions in early childhood and primary school ages.
Within the scope of NMT-Family, a “mathematics learning support system” (MLSS) is an interactional system which may emerge between the child and the family members in the course of the interaction process of concrete situations in play (Krummheuer & Acar Bayraktar, 2011). All these topics are addressed in Chapter 2 as theoretical approaches and in Chapter 3 as the research method of this study. In Chapter 4 the data collection and analysis is clarified in respect of these approaches...
Das Modische : Zu Entstehungsbedingungen und Funktionen einer bestimmten Art von Konformismus
(2016)
Das als "modisch" im engeren Sinn Bezeichnete, die Kleidung, ist durch kurzfristige Wandlungsprozesse charakterisiert und steht dem allgemeinen Verständnis nach im Gegensatz zu den Prinzipien der Dauer und der Beständigkeit, durch welche man die traditionellen Trachten bestimmt sieht. Aber wie ist es dann beispielsweise um die Sinnhaftigkeit der Rede von "Trachtenmode" bestellt? Und wie sehr sind die mit der Kleidermode verbundenen Begleitvorstellungen des Modischen für andere Bereiche des Lebens charakteristisch?