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Orientation: The work of industrial/organisational (I/O) psychologists presents an interesting and relevant context for studying meaning and engagement as components of happiness. Research purpose: The aim of this study was to determine how I/O psychologists experience the meaning of their work and to investigate the relationships between their experiences of work-role fit, meaning of work, psychological meaningfulness and work engagement, utilising the happiness framework proposed by Seligman (2002). Motivation for the study: I/O psychologists spend more than 88% of their working day with people, and they are primary role models for happiness in the workplace. Information about their work engagement and experiences of meaning is therefore needed. Research design, approach and method: A survey design was used. A convenience sample (n = 106) was taken of I/O psychologists in South Africa. A biographical questionnaire, the Work-Role Fit Scale, the Work-Life Questionnaire, the Psychological Meaningfulness Scale, the Work Engagement Scale and a survey measuring the actual and desired time spent on six broad categories of work were administered. Main findings: Work-role fit predicted psychological meaningfulness and work engagement. The calling orientation to work predicted both psychological meaningfulness and work engagement. Work-role fit mediated the relationship between the meaning of work and psychological meaningfulness. Work-role fit partially mediated the relationship between a calling orientation to work and work engagement. Practical implications: A calling orientation to work should be fostered in I/O psychologists because it contributes to experiences of work-role fit, psychological meaningfulness and work engagement. Contribution/value-add: The results of this study contribute to scientific knowledge about work-role fit, engagement and meaning as components of happiness of I/O psychologists.
Within the context of eHealth interventions, a shared understanding of what constitutes engagement in and with eHealth technologies is missing. A clearer understanding of engagement could provide a valuable starting point for guidelines relating to the design and development of eHealth technologies. Given the cross-disciplinary use of the term “engagement,” investigating how engagement (and its components) is conceptualized in different domains could lead to determining common components that are deemed important for eHealth technological design. As such, the aim of this paper was 3-fold: (a) to investigate in which domains engagement features, (b) to determine what constitutes engagement in these different domains, and (c) to determine whether there are any common components that seem to be important. A comprehensive systematic scoping review of the existing literature was conducted in order to identify the domains in which engagement is used, to extract the associated definitions of engagement, and to identify the dimensionality or components thereof. A search of five bibliographic databases yielded 1,231 unique records. All titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. This led to 69 articles being included for further analyses. The results showed that engagement is used in seven functional domains, categorized as follows: student (n = 18), customer (n = 12), health (n = 11), society (n = 10), work (n = 9), digital (n = 8), and transdisciplinary (n = 1) domains. It seems that some domains are more mature regarding their conceptualization and theorizing on engagement than others. Further, engagement was found to be predominantly conceptualized as a multidimensional construct with three common components (behavior, cognition, and affective) shared between domains. Although engagement is prolifically used in different disciplines, it is evident that little shared consensus as to its conceptualization within and between domains exists. Despite this, engagement is foremost seen as a state of being engaged in/with something, which is part of, but should not be confused with, the process of engagement. Behavior, cognition, and affect are important components of engagement and should be specified for each new context.
In order to achieve the goals of social commentary and moral judgement pursued in her novels, Jane Austen describes and evaluates different aspects of her characters’ personalities: social attitude, intellectual qualities and moral traits (Lodge 1966). Mansfield Park (1814) is one of her novels in which this moral awareness is most acute. In order to construct a community of shared values with her readers, Austen skilfully alternates different points of view as sources of evaluation. We propose an analysis of the first chapter of Mansfield Park that addresses this dialogic dimension by focusing on the resources of engagement, the subsystem of Appraisal Theory with which speakers/writers express their commitment to the truth of a proposition and their willingness to open the negotiation space to other voices (Martin & White 2005: 97).
The linguistic subtlety and complexity of Jane Austen’s writing is a challenge to translators, who must try to identify all the concurrent interpretation possibilities and reproduce them in the target language. In this article we compare the English source text with various translations into Spanish, Catalan and German. Our analysis focuses on the lexicogrammatical realisations of engagement such as verba dicendi, epistemic expressions, lexical choices with a distinct attitudinal load, and also on the development of narration – as far as that is possible in a study centering on the first chapter –, since it is often the case that narrator stance is modified as the text unfolds.
We discuss fragments of narrator discourse, direct speech and indirect/free indirect speech and consider the advantages of the framework to uncover changes in the evaluative dimension of meaning that affect the readings the translations will afford in their target society, from character building to the articulation of points of view.
La situation de la littérature au Gabon a souvent suscité nombre d’interrogations. Généralement perçue comme une littérature nationale jeune, elle ne fait pas pour autant l’économie des débats scientifiques de l’heure sur la littérature en tant qu’institution. Au niveau national, la critique ne l’a pas épargnée. Par rapport à la qualité d’écriture de certaines de ses œuvres, celle-ci a vite réagi. Luc Ngowet, essayiste et critique gabonais, n’a pas tardé à fustiger ce manquement majeur à travers un titre révélateur : « littérature gabonaise : un renouveau en trompe-l’œil. » Magloire Ambourhouët-Bigmann, universitaire et critique gabonais, traduit à son tour cette situation : « La littérature gabonaise suscite toujours d’embarrassantes interrogations : "Existe-t-elle vraiment ?", "Quels sont ses auteurs ?" - silences embarrassés... Même la petite minorité de Gabonais ne doutant pas de la "réalité" de sa littérature la connaît mal. » Mais au delà du livre qui constitue l’élément de base d’une littérature, se constituent autour de celui-ci un ensemble d’acteurs dont les enjeux politiques sont différents les uns des autres. L’analyse sociocritique de la littérature gabonaise envisagée ici, intéresse autant que faire se peut les questions inhérentes aux politiques des acteurs sociaux non écrivains qui, dans leur interaction, se construisent autour de l’œuvre publiée ; c’est-à-dire en amont et en aval de celle-ci. L’autre intérêt soulevé par cette question est le comment s’institutionnalise la littérature au Gabon. Ce que le qualificatif "sociocritique", adjoint au substantif "analyse", nomme ici, c’est en effet, une des tendances ou visions de la sociocritique. Comme le dit Isabelle Tournier : « L’extension internationale de la ou des sociocritique(s) rassemble sous ce terme plusieurs tendances ou écoles, les unes proches de la sociologie de la littérature (Jacques Dubois), d’autres issues de l’analyse des discours (Marc Angenot, Antonio Gómez-Moriana, Régine Robin), d’autres plus préoccupées des fondements d’une sociologie plus littéraire (Pierre Zima), [...]. » C’est la première tendance, celle théorisée par Jacques Dubois, qui va retenir notre attention dans la présente étude. Pour amorcer notre analyse sociocritique de la littérature gabonaise, nous donnerons d’abord un éclairage sur la question de l’institution littéraire envisagée par Jacques Dubois et Jòzef Kwaterko , auteurs de travaux inauguraux sur la question ; puis nous nous intéresserons aux acteurs institutionnels en présence et aux enjeux politiques.