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Zu leugnen gibt es schon seit über zwanzig Jahren nichts mehr. Hans Robert Jauß, der vielleicht bedeutendste, ganz sicher aber der wirkmächtigste deutsche Romanist nach 1945 war ein hoch dekoriertes Mitglied der Waffen-SS. [...] Fest steht: Jauß war nicht jener kleine und durchschnittliche 'Mitläufer', als der er aufgrund manifester Falschaussagen 1948 'entlastet' wurde, als den er sich vermutlich selbst zeit seines Lebens sah und als den einige seiner Schüler ihn bis heute sehen wollen. Jauß war bis 1945 ein militanter Faschist. [...] Mit Bezug auf seine SS-Vergangenheit lassen sich bestimmte Dimensionen des Jauß'schen Werks neu oder anders perspektivieren, aber man dringt damit kaum zu seinem epistemologischen oder ideologischen Kern vor. [...] Das Verstörende am Wissenschaftler Jauß besteht nicht darin, dass seine Texte elementar vom NS infiziert wären. Das Verstörende besteht darin, dass sie das nicht sind.
Die kürzlich entflammte Diskussion über eine "Krise der Germanistik" hat einen ihrer Funken aus Michel Houellebecqs jüngstem Roman "Unterwerfung" ("Soumission", 2015) geschlagen. Roman und Autor sind als Auslöser kontroverser und polemischer Diskussionen bekannt, wenn auch bislang nicht unbedingt über gesellschaftliche Funktion und Strahlkraft der Deutschen Philologie.
Coprophagy and probable saprophagy are reported for larvae of two species of chrysaugine moths (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Larvae of Parachma ochracealis Walker are found in rotten pine wood and mulch in North-Central Florida. Larvae of Basacallis tarachodes (Dyar) inhabit feces of an unidentified small mammal in a cave in Central Florida and seem to be troglophilic. These behaviors are compared to similar ones in Neotropical chrysaugines such as Humiphila Becker and Cryptoses Dyar. Saprophagy and coprophagy are predicted to be more general habits among Chrysauginae.
Scandinavian members of the acrocarpous moss genus Oncophorus were revised after field observations had suggested unrecognized diversity. Based on molecular (nuclear: internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2, ITS; plastid: trnGUCC G2 intron, trnG, rps4 gene + trnS-rps4 spacer, rps4) and morphological evidence, four morphologically distinguishable species are recognized, Oncophorus elongatus (I.Hagen) Hedenäs, O. integerrimus Hedenäs sp. nov. (syn. O. virens var. elongatus Limpr.), O. virens (Hedw.) Brid., and O. wahlenbergii Brid. (O. sardous Herzog, syn. nov.). Oncophorus elongatus was earlier recognized, but much of its variation was hidden within O. wahlenbergii. Its circumscription is here expanded to include plants with long leaves having mostly denticulate or sharply denticulate upper margins and with long and narrow marginal cells in the basal portion of the sheathing leaf lamina. The new species O. integerrimus sp. nov. differs from O. virens in having more loosely incurved leaves and entire or almost entire upper leaf margins. Besides these characters, the species in the respective pairs differ in quantitative features of the leaf lamina cells. Several cryptic entities were found, in several cases as molecularly distinct as some of the morphologically recognizable species, and phylogeographic structure is present within O. elongatus and O. virens.
A new genus and eight new species of urocyclid snails are described from eastern South Africa. The supra-specific taxa Kerkophorus Godwin-Austen, 1912 and Microkerkus Godwin-Austen, 1912 are considered distinct from Sheldonia Ancey, 1887 and are treated as separate genera. The diagnostic morphological features of all three genera are detailed and a fourth genus, for which there is no existing name, is described as new: Selatodryas gen. nov. A provisional key to genus-level taxa within Sheldonia s.l. is provided. Eight species are described as new: Kerkophorus piperatus sp. nov., K. vittarubra sp. nov., K. scrobicolus sp. nov., K. terrestris sp. nov., Microkerkus sibaya sp. nov., Selatodryas roseosoma gen. et sp. nov., S. luteosoma gen. et sp. nov. and Sheldonia fingolandensis sp. nov.
A number of nomenclatural issues regarding Neotropical Scarabaeoidea are addressed. Athyreus soesilae Makhan, 2008 is synonymized with Neoathyreus (Neoathyreus) excavatus (Laporte, 1840) (Geotrupidae: Bolboceratinae: Athyreini). Scalmus Zang, 1905 is replaced with its senior synonym Neleuops Kuwert, 1891, nec Neleurops Kuwert, 1891, and the four species it presently contains are thus transferred to Neleuops (Passalidae: Passalinae: Passalini). The spelling of the name Oxysternon oberthueri Olsoufi eff, 1924, a junior synonym of Oxysternon (Oxysternon) conspicillatum (Weber, 1801), is fi xed (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). The year of description of Oxysternon (Oxysternon) festivum (Linnaeus, 1758) is corrected, its existing lectotype invalidated, and a new lectotype designated (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). The correct spelling of Phanaeus (Phanaeus) prasinus trinidadens Arnaud, 2001 and Phanaeus (Phanaeus) prasinus joliyi Arnaud, 2001 is discussed (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini). The seniority of Chlorota aulica Burmeister, 1844 over Chlorota metallica Burmeister, 1844 is restored (Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini). The year of description of Rutela lineola (Linnaeus, 1758) is corrected and a lectotype is designated (Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini). Cyclocephala aulustjaorum nomen novum is proposed as a replacement name for the preoccupied name Cyclocephala brevis Höhne, 1923 (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini). The spelling of the generic name Harposceles Burmeister, 1847 is fi xed (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini). The incorrect subsequent spelling Stenocrates haackae Ratcliffe, 1977 is preserved (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini). The name Scarabaeus simson Linnaeus, 1767 is invalidated as a synonym of Megasoma actaeon (Linnaeus, 1758) (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Dynastini). The spelling of the generic name Coelosis Hope, 1837 is found to be correct (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Oryctini). The validity of Steyskal’s emendation of the name Megaceropsis quadridentata Dechambre, 1976 is confi rmed (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Oryctini). The lectotype of Podischnus agenor (Olivier, 1789) is invalidated and a new lectotype is designated (Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Oryctini).
This study reviews the taxonomy of the ant genus Nesomyrmex Wheeler, 1910 in the Afrotropical region. Previous revisionary studies are discussed and four species groups are proposed on the basis of external morphology. The N. angulatus group contains seven species that are widely distributed throughout the whole Afrotropical region, with one species also occurring in the Palaearctic and Malagasy regions. The N. cataulacoides group is monotypic, with one morphologically bizarre species found in Equatorial rain forests. The N. humerosus group is also monotypic and occurs in East Africa. The last and by far most species-rich group is the N. simoni group that contains 17 species, all of which are endemic to South Africa. The four groups are defined for the first time for the region, and an illustrated identification key is provided. Furthermore, the N. angulatus group is more thoroughly reviewed. One new species from Mozambique is described, N. inhaca sp. nov., and species accounts for the other six are provided. Also, an illustrated identification key to the species of the N. angulatus group is presented.
The Antillean fauna of Mantispidae (Neuroptera) consists of six species in four genera, all in the subfamily Mantispinae. Two new species are here described: Leptomantispa antillesensis Hoffman, n. sp., is described from Puerto Rico, Anguilla, British Virgin Islands (Grand Camanoe, Guana, Tortola), United States Virgin Islands (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas), Dominica, and Guadeloupe, and Leptomantispa hispaniolaensis Hoffman, n. sp. is described from Hispaniola (Dominican Republic). Mantispilla zayasi Alayo is synonymized under Leptomantispa pulchella (Banks), new synonomy, and Mantispilla taina Alayo is synonymized under Zeugomantispa minuta (Fabricius), new synonomy. Climaciella cubana Enderlein is recorded for the fi rst time from Hispaniola (Dominican Republic). Dicromantispa sayi (Banks) is newly reported from the Cayman Islands (Cayman Brac and Little Cayman), and Hispaniola (Dominican Republic). Zeugomantispa minuta (Fabricius) is now recorded from the Bahamas (Andros) and Hispaniola (Dominican Republic).
Der Proust'sche Fragebogen dient traditionell dazu sich kennenzulernen, sei es in einem französischen Salon, wo er einst entstand, sei es auf der letzten Seite eines deutschen Magazins. Wir haben unseren eigenen Fragebogen für den ZfL BLOG entworfen. Hier antwortet jetzt Patrick Hohlweck, der seit Beginn dieses Jahres als wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter im Forschungsprojekt "Lebenslehre - Lebensweisheit - Lebenskunst" beschäftigt ist.
Two species of the nematode family Diplopeltidae are described from Skagerrak. The new genus Belgopeltula gen. nov. is proposed for Diplopeltula belgica Vincx & Gourbault, 1992 and is characterised by: amphidial fovea circular in female and double-loop-shaped in male; excretory pore located at the level of cephalic setae bases; oral opening on the dorsal side of the body; pharynx subdivided into strongly muscularised fusiform corpus and weakly muscularised narrow and long postcorpus; female didelphic with antidromously reflexed ovaries; supplements absent. Mudwigglus micramphidium sp. nov. is characterised by: a body of 0.6 mm long; cephalic sensilla 1.5 μm long; amphidial fovea loop-shaped, 8 μm long and 3.5 μm wide; gymnostom without cuticularised ring; tail elongate conoid, with subcylindrical distal part; terminal setae absent; spicules 15 μm long; gubernaculum present; two midventral precloacal setae. It is distinguished from M. macramphidium Leduc, 2013 in having shorter amphidial fovea, shorter spicules and presence of two precloacal setae. Redescription of Diplopeltis cylindricauda Allgén, 1932 is provided based on type material. Diplopeltula minuta Vitiello, 1972 is transferred to the genus Mudwigglus Leduc, 2013. Diplopeltis cylindricauda Allgén, 1932, Diplopeltula laminata Vitiello, 1972 and Diplopeltula cassidaignensis Vitiello, 1972 are transferred to the genus Pseudaraeolaimus Chitwood, 1951.
Eight species of Diplopeltoides are described from the Swedish west coast. Diplopeltoides suecicus sp. nov. has the cuticle with longitudinal striation visible only under SEM; cuticular plate underlying the cephalic cuticle around the amphid present; cephalic sensilla 4–6 μm long; amphid an inverted U-shape; wide space between amphidial branches areolated; spicules 27–31 μm long; gubernaculum with caudal apophysis. Diplopeltoides longicaudatus sp. nov. is characterized by a cuticle without longitudinal striation; cuticular plate underlying cephalic cuticle around amphid present; cephalic sensilla 13 μm long; amphid an inverted U-shape; narrow space between amphidial branches not ornamented; spicules unequal in size, 27–31 μm long; gubernaculum absent; midventral precloacal cuticular ridge present. D. grandis sp. nov. is characterized by a cuticle with longitudinal striation; cuticular plate underlying cephalic cuticle around amphid present; cephalic sensilla 18.5 μm long; amphid an inverted U-shape; wide space between amphidial branches punctate. The following taxonomic changes are proposed: Diplopeltoides asetosus (Juario, 1974) comb. nov., Diplopeltoides botulus (Wieser, 1959) comb. nov., Diplopeltoides bulbosus (Vitiello, 1972) comb. nov., Diplopeltoides lucanicus (Boucher & Helléouët, 1977) comb. nov., Diplopeltoides pumilus (Vincx & Gourbault, 1992) comb. nov. and Diplopeltoides striatus (Gerlach, 1956) comb. nov. Diplopeltoides holovachovi Fadeeva & Mordukhovich, 2013 is synonymised with Diplopeltoides pumilus comb. nov. An updated key to the species of Diplopeltoides is provided.
Hornbeams (Carpinus) and hop-hornbeams (Ostrya) are trees or large shrubs from the northern hemisphere. Currently, 43 species of Carpinus (58 taxa including subdivisions) and 8 species of Ostrya (9 taxa including sudivisions) are recognized. These are based on 175 (plus 16 Latin basionyms of cultivars) and 21 legitimate basionyms, respectively. We present an updated checklist with publication details and type information for all accepted names and the vast majority of synonyms of Carpinus and Ostrya, including the designation of 54 lectotypes and two neotypes. Cultivars are listed if validly described under the rules of the ICN. Furthermore, we consider Carpinus hwai Hu & W.C.Cheng to be a synonym of Carpinus fargesiana var. ovalifolia (H.J.P.Winkl.) Holstein & Weigend comb. nov. During the course of our work, we found 30 legitimate basionyms of non-cultivars that have been consistently overlooked since their original descriptions, when compared with the latest checklists and floristic treatments. As regional floras are highly important for taxonomic practice, we investigated the number of overlooked names and found that 78 basionyms were omitted at least once in the eight regional treatments surveyed. More seriously, we found 4 basionyms of accepted species being overlooked in a major floristic treatment.
Effective island conservation depends on thorough biodiversity surveys and species assessment. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in coordination with Point Blue Conservation Science undertook a two-year insect survey of the Farallon Islands, California, in order to catalog current insect and spider species on the island and to gather information that will be used to examine prey dynamics to aid in the conservation of the endemic salamander Aneides lugubris (Hallowell). The report lists 11 insect orders representing 60 families, 107 genera and 112 insect species on Southeast Farallon Island. Holometabolous orders were the most represented on the island with Coleoptera and Diptera being the most abundant, followed by Lepidoptera and Diptera. One spider order was identified, representing six genera and six species.
Improving nomenclatural consistency: a decade of experience in the World Register of Marine Species
(2017)
The World Register of Marine species (WoRMS) has been established for a decade. The early history of the database involved compilation of existing global and regional species registers. This aggregation, combined with changes to data types and the changing needs of WoRMS users, has resulted in an evolution of data-entry consistency over time. With the task of aggregating the accepted species names for all marine species approaching completion, our focus has shifted to improving the consistency and quality of data held while keeping pace with the addition of > 2000 new marine species described annually. This paper defines priorities and longer-term aims that promote standardisation within and interoperability among biodiversity databases, provides editors with further information on how to input nomenclatural data in a standardised way and clarifies for users of WoRMS how and why names are represented as they are. We 1) explain the categories of names included; 2) list standard reasons used to explain why a name is considered ‘unaccepted’ or ‘uncertain’; 3) present and explain the more difficult situations encountered; 4) describe categories of sources and notes linked to a taxon; and 5) recommend how type material, type locality and environmental information should be entered.
Two distinct new species of the ant genus Crematogaster, C. khmerensis sp. nov. and C. pfeifferi sp. nov., are described from Cambodia and Malaysia, respectively. The two species are unique among Asian Crematogaster in that they have vertically directed propodeal spines, but their systematic positions have not been determined based on morphological characters alone. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 89 Crematogaster taxon matrices previously published plus C. khmerensis sp. nov., using nuclear genes, reveals that C. khmerensis sp. nov. is nested within the Australo-Asian Crematogaster clade. Morphological assignment of the developed pronotal shoulders implies a close relationship between C. khmerensis sp. nov. and the C. tetracantha-group. Based on molecular and morphological evidence, we erect a new species group, C. khmerensis-group, to contain C. khmerensis sp. nov. and C. pfeifferi sp. nov. Divergence time estimates using MCMCTree shows that the root node of the C. khmerensis sp. nov. terminal is estimated to be of middle Miocene age at 15 million years old. The position of the C. khmerensis-group well supports the Oriental- to Australian-region dispersal history that has been proposed for the Australo-Asian Crematogaster clade.
The first fossil wedge-shaped beetle (Coleoptera, Rhipiphoridae) from the middle Jurassic of China
(2017)
A new species of Ripiphoridae Gemminger & Harold, 1870, Archaeoripiphorus nuwa gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated from a well-preserved impression fossil from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation collected at Daohugou Village, Shantou Township, Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia, China, representing the oldest documented occurrence of the Ripiphoridae described from the Mesozoic era. It shares several characters belonging to two basal ripiphorid subfamilies (Pelecotominae and Ptilophorinae), but it cannot be attributed to either of them and is herein placed as Subfamily incertae sedis. An overall similarity between Archaeoripiphorus gen. nov. and Recent Pelecotominae and the occurrence of wood-boring beetles in the same Formation implies a similar parasitoid host preference in xylophagous beetles for A. nuwa gen. et sp. nov., putting a spotlight on a potential host-parasitoid relationship in the Mesozoic.
The cryptic assassin bug subfamily Physoderinae is characterized by a distinctly uneven species and genus-level diversity across continents, but the lack of a phylogeny has so far precluded investigations into the biogeographic history of the group. Endemic Madagascan Physoderinae (11 of the 15 genera) exhibit broad morphological diversity, but the large (38 spp.) and seemingly uniform genus Physoderes is widely distributed across the Oriental and Australasian regions. The three remaining genera are small or even monotypic and restricted to the Neotropical (Cryptophysoderes, Leptophysoderes) and Afrotropical (Porcelloderes) regions. To investigate relationships among Physoderinae, with emphasis on the monophyly of the Madagascan fauna and the monophyly of Physoderes, we conducted a cladistic analysis based on 57 morphological characters and complete genus-level taxon sampling. We found that the Madagascan fauna is not monophyletic, indicating that the island was colonized more than once, although the great majority of Madagascan taxa are part of a single clade. Overall relationships are recovered as Afrotropical Porcelloderes + [(Neotropical Cryptophysoderes, Leptophysoderes) + (Madagascan, Oriental and Australasian taxa)]. Physoderes is shown to be polyphyletic and 3 new genera, Breviphysoderes gen. nov., Macrophysoderes gen. nov. and Nanophysoderes gen. nov., are erected to accommodate new species and several species previously classified as Physoderes. A taxonomic revision of Physoderes and allied genera is conducted. Diagnoses, updated distribution ranges, habitus and genitalic images, and identification keys are provided. A total of 17 synonymies are given, and 15 new species and 3 new genera are described, focusing on the diversity of Physoderinae in the Oriental and Australasian regions. The new species are Breviphysoderes fulvopicta gen. et sp. nov., B. tenebrosa gen. et sp. nov., Macrophysoderes cirripilosa gen. et sp. nov., M. elongata gen. et sp. nov., M. finisterre gen. et sp. nov., M. grandis gen. et sp. nov., Paraphysoderes popeye sp. nov., Physoderes anamalaiensis sp. nov., P. brevipennis sp. nov., P. minime sp. nov., P. muluensis sp. nov., P. mysorensis sp. nov., P. nigripennis sp. nov., P. ractepilosa sp. nov. and P. tricolor sp. nov.
The Caloptera damselflies of Thailand – Distribution maps by provinces (Odonata: Calopterygoidea)
(2017)
Distribution maps at province level accuracy are presented for the 44 species of the superfamily Calopterygoidea (in the old sense, excluding the ’megapodagrionid’ families) recorded in Thailand. Brief species accounts are presented with information on the distribution, phenology and the first discovery of the species. For eleven species the primary type was collected in Thailand. The history of the discovery and documentation of these insects in Thailand is discussed.
Japanese species of the genus Intybia are revised taxonomically, with the examination of the endophallic structure. Eight species, including one new species Intybia donan sp. nov. from Yonagunijima, are recognized. All species are described or redescribed with a key and figures. The endophallic structure contains one primary sclerite (gonoporal piece), three secondary sclerites (ligula, semigonoporal piece, and spinous plate) in some species, and a membranous basal area densely covered with many spines (spinous area). Based on the structures of the endophallus, the Japanese members of the genus are divided into two species groups (the histrio and pelegrini groups). The pelegrini species group is furthermore subdivided into three subgroups (subgroups 1–3). New distributional records are as follows: I. histrio from Hachijô-jima and Tanega-shima; I. niponica from Sakhalin and I. takaraensis from Tokuno-shima and Amami-Ôshima.
The land snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 and its subgenus Syndromus Pilsbry, 1900 (family Camaenidae) in Laos are revised. Fourteen species from various habitats of deciduous forest and limestone areas throughout Laos are confirmed. The classification is revised and discussed, based on material examined from Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and Thailand and after comparison with the type specimens in many museums. Two new species, A. (Amphidromus) syndromoideus Inkhavilay & Panha sp. nov., from central Laos, and A. (Syndromus) xiengkhaungensis Inkhavilay & Panha sp. nov., from northern Laos, are described and discussed.
Revision of the genus Spilopteron Townes, 1965 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Acaenitinae) from Japan
(2017)
Ten Japanese species of the genus Spilopteron Townes, 1965 are recognized. Five new species, S. albiventre sp. nov., S. brachyurum sp. nov., S. nigrum sp. nov., S. oblongulum sp. nov. and S. pseudonigrum sp. nov., are described from Japan. Morphological discrimination between most Japanese species is confirmed by sequence analysis of the mitochondrial COI gene, which indicates the following relationships: S. oblongulum sp. nov. + S. apicale (Matsumura, 1912), S. brachyurum sp. nov. + S. nigrum sp. nov. + S. pseudonigrum sp. nov., and S. tosaense (Uchida, 1934) + S. luteum (Uchida, 1930). A key to the Japanese species of Spilopteron is provided. This genus seems to have its center of diversity in the mid-latitude area of East-Asia.
A statewide survey of Wisconsin’s Nemonychidae and Anthribidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) was conducted over one full (2012) and two partial (2011, 2013) fi eld seasons. Specimens were collected using a variety of techniques. Two species of the nemonychid genus Cimberis and 22 species of Anthribidae in 13 genera are now confi rmed. Generic and species-level keys for Wisconsin species are provided along with generic and species diagnoses. Species treatments also include a synonymy, a description, and information on natural history, phenology, distribution and collecting methods. Dorsal and lateral habitus images are also provided for most of the species.
Aprionus Kieffer, 1894 is one of the most species-rich genera of the fungivorous subfamily Micromyinae (family Cecidomyiidae, gall midges). Eighteen new species of this genus are described here from different parts of the Palearctic region based on morphological characters of male adults: Aprionus balduri sp. nov. (Norway, Sweden), A. bestlae sp. nov. (Sweden, Czech Republic), A. borri sp. nov. (Sweden), A. fontanus sp. nov. (Germany), A. friggae sp. nov. (Sweden), A. fujisanensis sp. nov. (Japan), A. hugini sp. nov. (Sweden, Germany), A. magnii sp. nov. (Sweden), A. montivagus sp. nov. (Germany, Russia), A. munini sp. nov. (Sweden, Germany, Hungary), A. odini sp. nov. (Sweden), A. ogawaensis sp. nov. (Japan), A. sifae sp. nov. (Sweden), A. sleipniri sp. nov. (Sweden), A. surtri sp. nov. (Sweden), A. thori sp. nov. (Sweden), A. tyri sp. nov. (Sweden), and A. ymiri sp. nov. (Sweden, Finland). These species are classified with the angulatus, halteratus and smirnovi groups, or remain unclassified within the genus Aprionus. The styloideus subgroup of the halteratus group is established for seven species (four described here as new) with generally similar male genitalic morphology. Aprionus paludosus Jaschhof & Mamaev, 1997 is revived from synonymy with A. styloideus Mamaev & Berest, 1990, and both species are redescribed.
A large white species of wolf spider, Ocyale ghost Jocque M. & Jocqué R. sp. nov., is described from a white sandy beach of an inland freshwater lake in the northwest of Madagascar. The first photos of a living specimen of the genus Ocyale are provided together with some observations on the biology of the newly described species. An updated and illustrated key to the Afrotropical species of Ocyale is included here.
Description of three new species of Caledomina (Insecta, Trichoptera, Ecnomidae) from New Caledonia
(2017)
Three new species of Caledomina Johanson, 2011 are described and illustrated for the first time: C. paniensis sp. nov., C. dorsospina sp. nov. and C. kohensis sp. nov. A key to the males of the four known species in the genus is given, as well as a map indicating their geographical distribution. When examining a phylogenetic hypothesis comprising the four species, we see an increased complexity in younger species compared to older species.
The species of Dipropus Germar (Coleoptera: Elateridae) of the west-central region of North America are taxonomically reviewed. Historical records of D. approximatus (Candèze), D. ferreus (LeConte), D. simplex (LeConte) and D. soleatus (Say) in the region are based on misidentifi cations. Dipropus pericu new species is described from Baja California Sur. Dipropus reinae new species, D. sonora new species and D. yaqui new species are described from southern Arizona, New Mexico and Sonora. Dipropus warneri new species is described from Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. Dipropus sus (Candèze) is reported from Morelos, Sonora and Sinaloa as new state records. Keys to the species of the region are provided. The historical value of a specimen of Elater soleatus Say in the Dejean collection is discussed and its lectotype designated. Ischiodontus oblitus Candèze is treated as an objective synonym of Dipropus soleatus.
ʿAzīmabādīs Erläuterung des Taǧdīd-Hadithes als Beispiel eines religiösen Autorisierungsdiskurses
(2017)
The species richness of the aquatic (non-marine) gastropod family Hydrobiidae Stimpson, 1865 reaches its peak in the European region partly because other areas, such as North Africa, remain to be extensively surveyed. Most of the hydrobiid species described in North Africa have been ascribed to the subfamilies Pseudamnicolinae, Hydrobiinae and the genus Mercuria. Little is known about the presence of other hydrobiid subfamilies. This study examines several specimens of gastropods collected from two springs in Tunisia. Based on a comprehensive literature review and rigorous anatomical and molecular comparisons with known species from North Africa, Europe and Asia Minor of similar morphology, we here describe a new genus, Bullaregia gen. nov., and new species Bullaregia tunisiensis gen. et sp. nov. Although the shell shape of this Tunisian species resembles that of European hydrobiid genera such as Belgrandiella, it differs in other anatomical structures (i.e., penis with a glandular strap-like lobe, and two seminal receptacles, SR1 pedunculate, SR2 sessile and less developed). Using maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches, phylogenetic relationships inferred from mtCOI sequences point to an independent evolutionary lineage for this new taxon outside Belgrandiella and other known hydrobiid subfamilies.
Species descriptions, keys to genera and species, and geographical distributions are presented for 43 species of the family Bruchidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) for Chile. Of these species, seven are described as new:
Acanthoscelides aricae sp. nov., Lithraeus chillan sp. nov., L. comptus sp. nov., L. elguetai sp. nov., L. limari sp. nov., L. lonquimay sp. nov., and L. penai sp. nov. Eight species are endemic to Chile. A list of true host plants and floral records for those with known host associations is presented. Habitus photographs and drawings of pertinent body parts, including male genitalia, are provided. References pertaining to the previously described species are listed.
A new cryptic species, Aleochara (Xenochara) castaneimarmotae Klimaszewski, Webster, and Brunke, new species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), associated with Marmota monax (Linnaeus) burrows and caves in eastern North America, is described and illustrated. A key to Canadian species of subgenus Xenochara Mulsant and Rey and revised distributions of the taxonomically difficult fumata species group are provided. Aleochara quadrata Sharp is recorded from Washington and Oregon for the first time.
Species of Hydrosmecta C. G. Thomson, occurring in eastern Canada, are studied and reviewed. Six species are recognized, and two of them are described as new to science. The new species are: Hydrosmecta canadensis Webster and Klimaszewski, new species, and Hydrosmecta minutissimoides Webster and Klimaszewski, new species. Two species described in the USA are recorded from Canada and New Brunswick for the first time: Hydrosmecta caduca Casey and Hydrosmecta dulcis Casey. New distribution and collection data, diagnoses, a key for species identification, and images of habitus and genital structures are provided. Hydrosmecta newfoundlandica Klimaszewski and Langor, 2011, is transferred to the genus Atheta Thomson based on morphology of genital structures.
Gastrotricha is a cosmopolitan phylum of aquatic and semi-aquatic invertebrates that comprises about 820 described species. Current knowledge regarding freshwater gastrotrichs inhabiting caves is extremely poor and there are no extant data regarding freshwater Gastrotricha from Montenegro. We describe a new species from Obodska Cave, which is also the first record of a gastrotrich from this region. Due to its unusual habitat and morphological characteristics, this species may be important when considering the evolution and dispersion routes of Chaetonotidae Gosse, 1864 (sensu Leasi & Todaro 2008). We provide morphometic, molecular and phylogenetic data for the new species, together with photomicrographs and drawings.
The first myrmecophilous fl ea beetle genus (Myrmeconycha Konstantinov and Tishechkin, new genus) with four new species (M. erwini Konstantinov and Tishechkin, new species – Ecuador, M. gordoni Konstantinov and Tishechkin, new species – Brazil, M. pakaluki Konstantinov and Tishechkin, new species – Panama, and M. pheidole Konstantinov and Tishechkin, new species – Costa Rica) is described and illustrated. It is compared with fl ea beetles of the subtribe Disonychina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) and may be easily differentiated based on the external and internal features, which include the waxy surface of the head and pronotum, reticulated surface of the pronotum, and four longitudinal ridges on each elytron.
Results are presented of a brief odonatological examination of the Abrau and Taman' Peninsulas at the northwesternmost Caucasian Black Sea coast in Krasnodarskiy Kray, Russia, on July 2026, 2017. Twenty three species have been observed at the former peninsula and five at the latter. The Odonata records at the Abrau Peninsula are summarised, to include 34 species.
Results are presented of an odonatological survey of 23 localities in Thala Barivat District of Stung Treng Province, northern Cambodia, on July 26 – August 1, 2016. Most localities were situated in areas of open low deciduous dipterocarp forests on gravel soils, some at hillside areas of tall evergreen dipterocarp forest. The great Mekong River right bank was studied within 7 km downstream of its Nimith (Nimet, Khon Thai, Labak Koun, Khone Pha Pheng) Waterfall. In total, 55 species were found, of which 52 identified to species and three to genus. Two species, Gynacantha saltatrix Martin, 1909 and Macrogomphus matsukii Asahina, 1986, were recorded in Cambodia for the first time. Five obligatory lotic species were found at the Mekong River, namely Dysphaea gloriosa, Prodasineura coerulescens, Burmagomphus asahinai, Nychogomphus duaricus and Onychothemis testacea, including tenerals of P. coerulescens and B. asahinai. Most probably these species breed in the Mekong reach which is enriched with oxygen downstream of the great waterfall cascade.
The Odonata fauna of flat marshy areas of the Gulf of Siam coast in Koh Kong Province of Cambodia, containing 55 species, is considered. The published data of 2010- 2013 and new data of 2014 and 2016 on the surroundings of Koh Kong town are compiled and the first data on the area of large swampy Melaleuca forests at Andoung Tuek village are presented as well as some occasional photographic records. Gynacantha bayadera, Lyriothemis mortoni and Pornothemis serrata were for the first time recorded for Cambodia. Mortonagrion falcatum was found unexpectedly abundant at Andoung Tuek.
Part 1, Oleg E. Kosterin and Vladimir I. Solovyev, page 1-43:
Odonata found in mid-summer 2015 and 2016 at the north-westernmost Black Sea Coast of the Caucasus, with the first record of Cordulegaster picta Selys, 1854 in Russian Federation
Abstract: Results are presented of brief odonatological examination of the Black Sea coastal northwesternmost spurs of the Caucasus between Anapa and Gelendzhik (mostly at Kabardinka village), Russia, in late July/early August 2015 and early-mid July 2016. In total, 28 Odonata species were found, including Cordulegaster picta for the first time in Russia. For C. picta and Caliaeschna microstigma, the world’s northernmost records were made. New localities of species rare in this area are reported: one for Coenagrion scitulum and three for Selysiothemis nigra, including their breeding habitat. Numerous migrant individuals of Pantala flavescens were observed in many localities in 2015 but none in 2016. Observations on trophic activity of Aeshna affinis and A. mixta are reported, the former showing predominantly matutinal and vespertinal activity and the latter diurnal activity. Occurrence of the Chalcolestes spp. in the Caucasus is discussed.
Part 2, Oleg E. Kosterin, page 45 - 57:
Calopteryx virgo feminalis subsp. nov., a long known under the same name but hitherto formally nameless subspecies from the Caucasian Black Sea Coast
Abstract: The populations of Calopteryx virgo of the Black Sea Coast of the Caucasus have females with the distal hindwing part darkened and males with the underside of S10 and appendages whitish, They are known for more than a century and deserve a subspecific status but since the name feminalis Bartenev, 1910 proposed to them is unavailable, a new subspecies is formally erected under the same name, Calopteryx virgo feminalis Kosterin subsp. nov., with the following type locality: Russia, Krasnodarskiy Kray, Gelendzhik Municipality, Kabardinka village, the Doob River lowermost reaches, 44°38'26-53'', 37°55'55''-57'58'' E.
Vor kurzem noch hatte an dieser Stelle der Ratschlag gestanden, wir Geisteswissenschaftler sollten uns, anstatt uns gegenüber dem Vorwurf, wir seien streitmüde geworden, in Harnisch zu werfen, lieber "weniger um uns selbst und mehr um Gegenstände kümmern." Während im Doktorandenzimmer des ZfL noch darüber gegrübelt wurde, ob man sich besser mehr oder besser weniger streiten solle, worüber man streiten müsse oder nicht dürfe, warum man das Streiten verlernt oder nie erlernt habe, wie man sich in den Streit einbringen oder sich aus ihm heraushalten könne und weshalb es für unsere Generation (die der gegenwärtig Studierenden) schwieriger oder auch einfacher sei mit dem Streiten als für die vorangegangenen - während dieser Überlegungen also wurde der gute Ratschlag von ganz anderer Seite vom Tisch der Germanistik gefegt. Jetzt wird gestritten, und es wird sich dabei wenig um die Gegenstände des Fachs, dafür umso mehr um das Fach selbst gekümmert. Erisapfel ist die "Relevanz". Es steht die skeptische Frage im Raum, ob die Literaturwissenschaft, insbesondere die germanistische, noch eine hat. Als Maßeinheit für die Relevanz des Fachs verwendet das Feuilleton die Anzahl der Koryphäen, die das Fach zu bieten hat. Früher, so geht die Rede, hatten wir noch welche, nun haben wir keine mehr.
Wer im 21. Jahrhundert von 'Epos' spricht, meint selten die Gattung im Sinne eines ausgreifenden Erzählentwurfs in Versform, als vielmehr das, was von ihr übrigblieb: die 'epische Breite'. Allerdings ist das einst gattungskonstitutive und heute meist alltagssprachlich gebrauchte Kriterium der epischen Breite längst gegen die erzählende Großform im Einsatz: Allzu ausladend und weitschweifig, stünden Anliegen und Thema - so der Vorwurf - in einem Missverhältnis zu Ausführung und Umfang. Ein solches Missverhältnis kann für Raoul Schrotts "Erste Erde. Epos" sicher nicht gelten, erzählt der Autor hier doch auf 846 Seiten und in sieben Büchern plus Anhang von nichts Geringerem als der Genesis des Universums auf der Grundlage moderner Naturerkenntnis, Astrophysik und Kosmologie. Mit der Frage nach dem Anfang schließt Schrott auf kühne Weise an das Epos als Weltgenre par excellence an, das laut Hegel nicht nur 'das Ganze der Welt', der Natur und des Kosmos darzustellen suchte, sondern diese Totalität zuallererst zu erschaffen beanspruchte, um den Einzelnen und das Persönliche in das große Ganze einzuhegen.
Ufocandona hannaleeae gen. et sp. nov. (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from an artesian well in Texas, USA
(2017)
We describe a new genus, Ufocandona gen. nov. with its type species Ufocandona hannaleeae gen. et sp. nov., from an artesian well in San Marcos, Texas, USA. The new genus has diagnostic characteristics that distinguish it from other genera in Candonidae, including the asymmetric shape of the valves, the smooth central area on the external surface of the valves, the hexagonal ornamentations around the marginal ends of the carapace, the dense spines on the marginal edges of the right valve and the dorsal prolongation and tubercles seen from inside the ventral edges of the left valve. Additional differences in the soft body parts of the male and female (e.g., claw-like uropod, shape of hemipenis, long Y aesthetascs, two short or reduced exopods on antenna, reduced numbers of setae and segments on other extremities) distinguish the new genus from others in the family. The discovery of this species from a deep artesian well contributes important information to our understanding of groundwater species diversity in a biologically diverse aquifer where the ostracod fauna has been unstudied.
Aphis elena Lagos-Kutz and Voegtlin, sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is described from specimens collected in Illinois, USA, on the North American native plant, Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T. Dur. & B.D. Jacks. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald (Family: Lamiaceae). Both apterous and alate viviparae are described and illustrated, and a dichotomous key is provided to apterous and alate viviparae of the six species of Aphis that have been recorded on plants in the family Lamiaceae in North America. Neighbor-joining analysis of cytochrome oxidase 1 (Cox1) indicated a close relationship of the new species with Aphis monardae Oestlund, which also feeds on a member of Lamiaceae. The range of pair-wise distances for DNA barcoding of these species is 0.17–0.33%. The newly described Aphis elena is morphologically more similar to Aphis gossypii Glover than it is to Aphis monardae.
Tragosoma soror (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Prioninae), a new Nearctic species, is described and compared to its North American congeners. Tragosoma harrisii LeConte, revised status, and Tragosoma spiculum Casey, revised status are both resurrected from synonymy and considered valid species distinct from T. depsarium (Linnaeus). The Mexican T. nigripenne Bates is confi rmed as a valid species. Tragosoma chiricahuae Linsley, new synonym, is placed in synonymy under T. spiculum Casey, and T. sodale Casey, new synonym, T. parvicolle Casey, new synonym, and T. repens Casey new synonym are placed in synonymy under T. harrisii. Tragosoma repens is a junior objective synonym of T. parvicolle. A lectotype is designated for T. sodale. An updated synonymical and distributional checklist of Tragosoma of the world is provided.
The tribe Zolini (Carabidae: Trechinae) is revised for New Zealand. Two subtribes, fi ve genera, and fortyeight species are recognized. The presence of the subtribe Merizodina is confi rmed for New Zealand; it includes three genera (Maungazolus n. gen., Pseudoopterus Csiki, 1928, and Synteratus Broun, 1909). The subtribe Zolina contains two genera (Oopterus Guérin-Méneville, 1841 and Zolus Sharp, 1886).
One genus and twenty-fi ve species are described as new: Maungazolus n. gen.; Maungazolus acutus n. sp., Maungazolus priestleyensisn. sp., Maungazolus ranatungaen. sp., Maungazolus septempunctatus n. sp., Maungazolus tararuaensisn. sp., Oopterus anglemensisn. sp., Oopterus arthurensisn. sp., Oopterus corvinki n. sp., Oopterus discoideus n. sp., Oopterus garnerae n. sp., Oopterus marrisin. sp., Oopterus mohiensis n. sp., Oopterus monticola n. sp., Oopterus nanus n. sp., Oopterus nunni n. sp., Oopterus palmai n. sp., Oopterus punctatus n. sp., Oopterus quadripunctatus n. sp., Oopterus taieriensis n. sp., Oopterus trechoides n. sp., Pseudoopterus fi ordlandensis n. sp., Pseudoopterus otiraensis n. sp., Zolus kauriensis n. sp., Zolus unisetosus n. sp., Zolus wongi n. sp.
Lectotypes are designated for Zolus helmsi Sharp, 1886 and Oopterus parvulus Broun, 1903.
Seven taxa are reinstated as valid genera and previous combinations: Zolus Sharp, 1886 and Pseudoopterus Csiki, 1928 (previously synonymized with Oopterus Guérin-Méneville,1841); Oopterus carinatus Broun, 1882 = Zolus carinatus (Broun, 1882); Oopterus helmsi (Sharp, 1886) = Zolus helmsi Sharp, 1886; Oopterus latipennis Broun, 1903 = Pseudoopterus latipennis (Broun, 1903); Oopterus plicaticollis Blanchard, 1843 = Pseudoopterus plicaticollis (Blanchard, 1843); Oopterus subopacus (Broun, 1915) = Zolus subopacus Broun, 1915.
Three new combinations are established: Oopterus pallidipes Broun, 1893 = Maungazolus pallidipes (Broun, 1893); Oopterus parvulus Broun, 1903 = Maungazolus parvulus (Broun, 1903); Oopterus pygmeatus Broun, 1907 = Maungazolus pygmeatus (Broun, 1907).
Eleven new synonymies are established: Oopterus basalis Broun, 1915 and Oopterus minor Broun, 1917 = Maungazolus pygmeatus (Broun, 1907); Oopterus nigritulus Broun, 1908 and Oopterus laevigatus Broun, 1912 = Oopterus sobrinus Broun, 1886; Oopterus sculpturatus ovinotatus Broun, 1908 = Oopterus sculpturatus Broun, 1908; Oopterus probus Broun, 1903 and Oopterus latifossus Broun, 1917 = Pseudoopterus latipennis (Broun, 1903); Oopterus puncticeps Broun, 1893 = Oopterus laevicollis Bates, 1871; Zolus atratus Broun, 1893 and Zolus femoralis Broun, 1894 = Zolus carinatus (Broun, 1882); Zolus labralis Broun, 1921 = Zolus helmsi Sharp, 1886.
A revision of all taxa is provided. Descriptions, identifi cation keys, illustrations of male genitalia, habitus photos, distributional data and maps are given. Extensive information on ecology, biology, dispersal power, and collecting techniques is included for each species.
The special set of papers entitled “DNA Library of Life” constitutes an outcome of the project “Bibliothèque du vivant” (BdV), which aims to promote the molecular taxonomy of eukaryotes by offering research teams the possibility to produce and manage a molecular library linked with specimens deposited in natural history museums. The project was funded by three French institutions (the CNRS, INRA and MNHN), and provided access to the sequencing power offered by the Genoscope for 105 teams between 2011 and 2013. It was subsequently supported by the CNRS through the “Groupement de Recherche Génomique Environnementale”. The scientific objectives of this programme were threefold: 1) species delimitation among species complexes; 2) phylogenetic reconstruction (including phylogenomics); and 3) metabarcoding and improving NGS methods for systematic purposes. Within the present collection, 19 papers contribute to these objectives across a large taxonomic range and a worldwide geographic coverage. These papers propose taxonomic novelties (22 new species and 3 new genera) in both animal and plant taxa.
Ten morphologically similar species of Acrapex Hampson, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini) from Central and Eastern Africa are reviewed, including five new species: Acrapex kafula le Ru sp. nov., A. kavumba le Ru sp. nov., A. kiakouama le Ru sp. nov., A. miscantha le Ru sp. nov. and A. simillima le Ru sp. nov. Evidence is provided to transfer the monotypic genus Poecopa Bowden, 1956 to the genus Acrapex. Host plants of five species are recorded, some of them for the first time. Acrapex kavumba sp. nov., A. miscantha sp. nov. and A. simillima sp. nov. were found on one host plant each. Acrapex mediopuncta, previously reported in West Africa from Pennisetum purpureum Schumach., Rottboellia compressa L., Setaria megaphylla (Steud) Dur. & Schinz. and Sorghum arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf, was only found from S. megaphylla in Central Africa. Larvae of Acrapex unicolora were collected on Andropogon gayanus Kunth, Chrysopogon zizanoides (L.) Roberty, Cymbopogon schoenanthus subsp. proximus (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Maire & Weller, Cymbopogon pospischiilii (K.Schum.) C.E.Hubb., Hyparrhenia diplandra (Hack.) Stapf and Setaria sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss. We also conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses (using maximum likelihood) and molecular species delimitation analyses on a comprehensive sample of 61 specimens belonging to eight of the studied species. Molecular phylogenetic analyses provided additional evidence of the synonymy of Acrapex and Poecopa, whereas molecular species delimitation analyses support the validity of the five newly described species and unravel another potential new species, only collected in the larval stage.
Recent expeditions (NANHAI 2014, DONGSHA 2014 and ZHONGSHA 2015) conducted in deep waters of the South China Sea obtained interesting material of various spider crabs (Majoidea) including several new records for the area, and two new species of epialtids of the genera Oxypleurodon Miers, 1885 and Stegopleurodon Richer de Forges & Ng, 2009. Two poorly known species, previously only known from their types, Rochinia strangeri Serène & Lohavanijaya, 1973 and R. kagoshimensis (Rathbun, 1932) comb. nov., are redescribed, refigured, and their taxonomy discussed.
In the present “tree-thinking” period, relying on accurate phylogenetic hypotheses is of paramount importance for biologists interested in an evolutionary perspective. In the Blaberidae cockroaches, a well-defined monophyletic family comprising several model species, no such phylogenetic tree is available despite several earlier contributions. Here, using six molecular markers (12S, 16S, 18S, 28S, COI and COII), we investigate the relationships of Blaberidae and compare our results with the traditional morphology-based classification. This resulted in a broad spectrum of situations, from congruent and well-supported hypotheses (e.g., the monophyly of Blaberidae, Oxyhaloinae and (Geoscapheiinae + Panesthiinae)) to incongruent and weakly supported results (e.g., polyphyly of Perisphaerinae). We emphasize that interesting and contrasted situations lie between the two extremities of this spectrum, especially concerning the genera Thanatophyllum Grandcolas, 1991, Phoetalia Stål, 1874, Laxta Walker, 1868 and Pronauphoeta Shelford, 1909. We also discuss the phylogenetic position of two incertae sedis genera (Eustegasta Gerstaecker, 1883 and Gynopeltis Gerstaecker, 1869). We conclude that in-depth signal analyses should be performed to better understand molecular evolution and its consequence on tree reconstruction for this group. As for phylogenetic relationships per se, new markers should be searched for, especially to decipher deeper relationships in Blaberidae.
We describe a new minute species of the genus Pristimantis, P. boucephalus sp. nov., from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park, Región Pasco, Peru. The description is based on a freshly collected male specimen found at 2950 m a.s.l. in a cloud forest and four previously unidentified museum specimens consisting of two adult males, one subadult female and a juvenile from the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park. The new species is mainly characterized by a snout–vent length of 13.4–14.5 mm in adult males (n = 3), and 12.5 mm in the only known subadult female, and is compared morphologically and genetically with other taxonomically and biogeographically relevant species of Pristimantis. The new species is characterized by its small size, disproportionally large head with short snout, absence of a tympanic annulus and membrane, and reddish-copper iris. Phylogenetically it belongs to a speciose clade, an as yet unnamed species group, comprising both montane (Andes, Guiana Shield) and lowland (Amazon) taxa from the northern part of South America. The new species is genetically close to the sympatric P. cruciocularis. Species of Pristimantis occurring in the Cordillera Yanachaga region in the Andes of central Peru are members of six divergent phylogenetic lineages.
Tortonian teleost otoliths from northern Italy: taxonomic synthesis and stratigraphic significance
(2017)
The Tortonian fish otoliths of northern Italy have been studied for more than a century and represent one of the best known otolith-based teleost faunas in the Miocene of the Mediterranean Basin. Yet with the growing knowledge on Recent otoliths, an updated taxonomic overview of this fauna is needed. Moreover, new material from hemipelagic Tortonian marls sampled at nine localities is described herein, revealing 109 taxa of which 88 are recognised at species level. Four of these are new: Coryphaenoides biobtusus sp. nov., “Merluccius” rattazzii sp. nov., Neobythites auriculatus sp. nov. and Lesueurigobius stironensis sp. nov. The compilation of previously studied and newly acquired material revealed a total of 118 nominal Tortonian species. At generic level, the fauna is characterised by many modern forms; more than 90% can be assigned to present day genera. At species level, however, more than half of the represented taxa are extinct. Based on the fossil otolith record, the Tortonian fauna of the Mediterranean is most similar to that of the Langhian (Badenian) of the Central Paratethys by sharing many extinct Miocene species, but it is also very close to that of the Pliocene Mediterranean, by sharing many modern Atlantic-Mediterranean forms. The Tortonian fauna is further characterised by many species that are apparently confined to the upper Miocene, resulting in a unique combination of its taxonomic composition.
With an incident in Palo Duro Canyon, Texas, USA, Scolopendra heros Girard (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha: Scolopendridae) becomes the third centipede species known to prey on bats; S. gigantea Linnaeus and S. viridicornis Newport have been so documented in Venezuela and Brazil, respectively. The Texas predation was interrupted by the predator/prey pair’s falling around 15–20 m from the canyon wall and, perhaps also, by human presence where they landed. The centipede uncoiled and retreated to shelter under a nearby rock and, after initial immobilization, so did the bat.
We review the three species currently placed in the genus Xylopertha Guérin-Méneville, 1845, and describe a new species, Xylopertha elegans sp. nov., from Turkey. We propose the following new synonymy: Xylopertha Guérin-Méneville, 1845 (= Paraxylogenes Damoiseau, 1968); Xylopertha reflexicauda (Lesne, 1937) (= Paraxylogenes pistaciae Damoiseau, 1968). We give details of the sexual dimorphism, and summarise information on the distribution and biology of all species. A key to the species of Xylopertha is provided.
A new species of the sessile deep-sea barnacle, Heteralepas (Crustacea, Cirripedia), Heteralepas gettysburgensis sp. nov., is described. The specimens were collected at a depth of 225 m at the Gettysburg Seamount on the Gorringe Bank, located in the Portuguese Exclusive Economic Zone, approximately 200 km off the southwestern coast of mainland Portugal. Extensive morphological and molecular (COI, 12S and 16S) analyses were carried out to separate the species from its nearest congeners with similar geographic distribution, i.e., Atlantic waters.
Numerous specimens of squat lobsters belonging to the families Munididae, Munidopsidae and Eumunididae were collected during several cruises along the eastern coasts of Africa. The study of these specimens revealed the presence of 10 new species (one Eumunida Smith, 1883, eight Munida Leach, 1820 and one Munidopsis Whiteaves, 1874). We describe and illustrate these new species, providing some new data on occurrences and colour patterns for previously described taxa. We have also included molecular data from two mitochondrial markers (16S rRNA and COI) to support the taxonomic status of different species. Some deep-sea species show a clear increase in their geographic range dirstribution. Finally, a key to known species of the genus Munida from the western and central Indian Ocean is also presented.
Acrodiscus Zanardini is a poorly known monotypic endemic Mediterranean genus based on A. vidovichii (Menegh.) Zanardini. Rarely reported, its reproductive structures have remained undocumented, leaving its exact taxonomic position uncertain. Solely on the basis of its vegetative structure, Zanardini provisionally placed it in the family Cryptonemiaceae of the order Cryptonemiales (currently the Halymeniaceae of the Halymeniales), although he was uncertain as to whether the new genus actually belonged to that family or should instead be included in the Gigartinaceae of the Gigartinales (where Meneghini had originally placed it). In the present study we have extensively sampled A. vidovichii and documented its vegetative and tetrasporangial features. As well, we provide molecularsequence data (COI-5P, rbcL, LSU) that indicate its phylogenetic affinities. We confirm Acrodiscus as a member of the Halymeniaceae and its status as an independent genus. Searches of several institutional herbaria have allowed us to locate and lectotypify Meneghini’s Chondrus? vidovichii by the discovery of his original material now held at the Herbarium Horti Pisani (Pisa, Italy).
Dipropus tequesta Johnson new species (Coleoptera: Elateridae) is described from southern Florida. Dipropus fuscus (LeConte) is a new synonym of D. soleatus (Say), and D. granosus (Fall) is a new synonym of D. asper (LeConte). The fl ightless female of D. asper is described and provides the fi rst report of brachyptery and endogean habits in Dipropus. A key to the species of the eastern United States and a new checklist of species for the country are provided.
Three-taxon statement analysis (3TA) is a method that may help to formalize the taxonomical intuition of the synapomorphy of the clade as a combination of its diagnostic traits, even if each trait, if taken separately, may be found in one or many other taxa of the same relationship. Using example based on the real morphological data, we are showing that 3TA can recognize clade in case of the complete lack of it synapomorphies, as optimized under the criterion of standard parsimony.
Saurichthyidae is a speciose group of fishes, ranging from the Late Permian to the Middle Jurassic. Early Jurassic saurichthyids are usually considered morphologically less disparate and taxonomically less diverse than their Triassic counterparts, consisting of only two valid species. These were historically differentiated almost entirely based on cranial ratios, and both had stratigraphic ranges spanning the Early Jurassic. Here, we revise the Early Jurassic saurichthyid fishes of Europe based on restudy of the type material of Saurorhynchus brevirostris (Woodward, 1895) and S. acutus (Agassiz, 1844). We identify four species based on cranial osteology: S. acutus, S. brevirostris, S. anningae sp. nov., and S. hauffi sp. nov. Saurorhynchus brevirostris and S. anningae sp. nov. are known from the Sinemurian of England only, whereas S. acutus and S. hauffi sp. nov. share a broad European distribution during the Toarcian, from southwestern Germany to England. Saurorhynchus anningae sp. nov. and S. brevirostris, in particular, show disparity in such ecomorphologically important traits as cranial fineness, and tooth and jaw morphology. In contrast, S. acutus and S. hauffi sp. nov. show much lower levels of disparity, differing from each other in nostril morphology, dermal ornamentation, and position of the lateral extrascapular. The new species do not increase diversity estimates for Saurorhynchus in either the Sinemurian or Toarcian interval.
The melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a widespread, economically important tephritid fruit fly species. Bactrocera cucurbitae infests fruits and vegetables of a number of different plant species, with many host plants in the plant family Cucurbitaceae, but with additional hosts scattered across many other plant families. Although thought to be native to India, its distribution has spread throughout many countries in Oriental Asia, into a number of Pacifi c Island nations, and into Africa. The documented introductions into countries outside its native distribution show that this species could establish in other countries where it does not presently occur, particularly through the movement of infested fruit. As with other tephritid fruit fly species, establishment of B. cucurbitae can have signifi cant economic consequences, including damage and loss of food production, as well as requirements for implementation of costly quarantine treatments to permit export of commodities susceptible to infestation by B. cucurbitae and inspection of susceptible imported commodities. In order to avoid these adverse economic consequences, one needs to prevent the entry, establishment and spread of B. cucurbitae into a new habitat. To successfully achieve this, an accurate knowledge of the fly’s host plants is essential. Cognizant of this need, we prepared, and present here, a worldwide list of host plants for B. cucurbitae, with annotations on reported laboratory and fi eld infestation data. Overall, 136 plant taxa from 62 plant genera and 30 plant families are identifi ed as hosts of B. cucurbitae, based on reported fi eld infestation data. The predominant family, as expected, is Cucurbitaceae, with 56 plant taxa (41.2% of all host plant taxa) in which fi eld infestation by B. cucurbitae has been documented. The family with the 2nd highest number of documented infested plant taxa is Solanaceae, for which there are published fi eld infestation data for 20 plant taxa (14.7% of plant taxa for which there is documented fi eld infestation). Papers that list plants as hosts of B. cucurbitae based only on laboratory data, those that list plants as a host but do not report any fi eld infestation data, and those that report interception data add an additional 137 host plant taxa, representing a total of 80 genera and 39 plant families, 20 of which are additional plant families beyond those for which there is fi eld infestation data. These additional species must be considered “undetermined” hosts for which additional data are needed to document actual host status. This paper is a comprehensive documentation of host plants of the melon fly based on recorded infestations in laboratory and/or fi eld, interceptions at ports of entry, or “listing only” associations. Host records presented here will be used in vetting and developing the offi cial USDA list of host plants of the melon fly, which will be published by APHIS as a federal order.
The genus Eulibitia was described by Roewer including three species from Colombia and Ecuador: Eulibitia maculata Roewer, 1912, E. annulipes Roewer, 1912 and E. sexpunctata Roewer, 1914. Herein, the genus is revisited and only the type species, Eulibitia maculata Roewer, 1912 is maintained from the previous configuration. Eulibitia sexpunctata is transferred to Ambatoiella Mello- Leitão, 1943 and E. annulipes is considered as Cosmetinae incertae sedis. Acromares lateralis Goodnight & Goodnight, 1943 and Paramessa castanea (Sørensen, 1932) are here considered junior subjective synonyms of Messatana scalaris (Sørensen, 1932) and Eulibitia maculata, respectively. Brachylibitia Mello-Leitão, 1941, currently a junior synonym of Platymessa, is regarded as a synonym of Eulibitia. Platymessa Mello-Leitão, 1941, with two species, and the monotypic genera Messatana Strand, 1942 and Paramessa Mello-Leitão, 1933, are synonymized with Eulibitia Roewer, 1912, yielding the following new combinations: Eulibitia ectroxantha (for Brachylibitia ectroxantha Mello-Leitão, 1941), E. h-inscriptum (for Platymessa h-inscripta Mello-Leitão, 1941) and E. scalaris (for Libitia (Messa) scalaris Sørensen, 1932). Eulibitia is re-diagnosed and five new species are described: E. castor sp. nov., E. pollux sp. nov., E. clytemnestra sp. nov., E. leda sp. nov. and E. helena sp. nov. A key to the nine Eulibitia species is presented; the morphology of Eulibitia is compared with that of Libitia, Libitiella and Ambatoiella.
Nomenclatural changes are made in three previously described genera in the planthopper tribe Hemisphaeriini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae: Issinae), viz Gergithus Stål, 1870, Mongoliana Distant, 1909 and Hemisphaeroides Melichar, 1903. In addition, a new genus, Gnezdilovius gen. nov., with Gergithus lineatus Kato, 1933 as its type species, is described for 40 species formerly included in Gergithus, and the generic characteristics of the latter genus is revised. One new species, Gergithus frontilongus sp. nov. from China (Yunnan), is described and illustrated. One additional Gergithus species, previously misidentified as G. signatifrons Melichar, 1906 from Siberut Island, is mentioned and illustrated. Gergithus contusus Walker, 1851 is transferred to Mongoliana and Hemisphaerius atromaculatus Distant, 1916 and H. fuscoclypeatus Distant, 1916 are transferred to Hemisphaeroides. Checklists for all four genera are provided detailing the nomenclatural changes and a key to the 19 genera of Hemisphaeriini is provided. Morphological diversity and distribution of the genera are briefly discussed.
A new genus, Dejunaleon Miller and Stange, is described with two new species: Dejunaleon loja Miller and Dejunaleon maculosus Stange (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Brachynemurini). A key to species is provided as well as distributional data. A description of the larva of Dejunaleon loja is given. A key to genera of the tribe Brachynemurini is provided based on larvae and adults.
Four new species of Chrysina Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) from Guatemala and Honduras
(2017)
Four new species of the genus Chrysina Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) are described from cloud forests of Guatemala and Honduras. The Guatemalan species are C. alexae n. sp. from Purulhá, Baja Verapáz in the central mountains and C. woodruffi n. sp. from Bulej, Huehuetenango in Los Cuchumatanes Mountains at elevations from 1500 to 2000 meters. The species from Honduras are C. antonkozlovi n. sp. from Celaque, Lempira and C. maishei n. sp. from El Güisayote, Ocotepeque, at elevations between 2000 and 2600 meters above sea level.
The world’s smallest Begonia, Begonia elachista Moonlight & Tebbitt sp. nov., is described and illustrated from a limestone outcrop in the Amazonian lowlands of Pasco Region, Peru. It is placed within the newly described, monotypic Begonia sect. Microtuberosa Moonlight & Tebbitt sect. nov. and the phylogenetic affinities of the section are examined. Begonia elachista sp. nov. is considered Critically Endangered under the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria.
Twelve new species are assigned to the genus Otitoma Jousseaume, 1898 in the family Pseudomelatomidae Morrison, 1966 and herein described: O. hadra sp. nov., O. neocaledonica sp. nov., O. rubiginostoma sp. nov and O. tropispira sp. nov. from New Caledonia; O. boucheti sp. nov., O. nereidum sp. nov. and O. sororcula sp. nov. from the Fiji Islands; O. xantholineata sp. nov. from the Solomon to the Fiji Islands; O. crassivaricosa sp. nov. from Fiji to Hiva Oa Island (Marquesas Archipelago); O. philpoppei sp. nov. from the Philippines but also reported from the Fiji Islands; O. elegans sp. nov. from the Fiji Islands and O. philippinensis sp. nov. from the Philippines. New data on O. carnicolor (Hervier, 1896) are provided. Otitoma mitra (Kilburn, 1986), from Southern Mozambique, is here considered a synonym of O. cyclophora (Deshayes, 1863). Drillia batjanensis Schepman, 1913, previously assigned to the genus Maoritomella Powell, 1942 in the family Borsoniidae Bellardi, 1875, is here assigned to the genus Otitoma. Photographs of the holotype of Drillia batjanensis are provided for the first time. In addition, color photographs of the type specimens of the following species are provided: Drillia kwandangensis Schepman, 1913, D. timorensis Schepman, 1913 and Mitrellatoma mitra Kilburn, 1986.
The species-rich giant pill-millipedes (Sphaerotheriida) often represent a microendemic component of Madagascar’s mega-invertebrate fauna. Of the chirping genus Sphaeromimus de Saussure & Zehntner, 1902, ten species have been described. Here, we describe two new species of Sphaeromimus integratively, combining light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, DNA barcoding and micro-CT technology for the first time in a taxonomic description of a giant pillmillipede. S. kalambatritra sp. nov. and S. midongy sp. nov. are the first giant pill-millipedes collected and described from the mountainous rainforests of Kalambatritra and Midongy. Both species show island gigantism compared to their congeners. Our analysis of the mitochondrial COI gene shows that the two species are related to one another with a moderate genetic distance (9.4%), while they are more closely related to an undetermined specimen from the forest of Vevembe (6.3% and 8.4%). They stand in a basal position with S. ivohibe Wesener, 2014 and S. musicus (de Saussure & Zehntner, 1897). The four aforementioned species share a high number of stridulation ribs on the male harp. Our micro-CT analysis provides a look into the head of S. kalambatritra sp. nov. and shows that non-destructive CT methods are a useful tool for studying the inner morphology of giant pill-millipedes.
The genus Dasydorylas Skevington, 2001 is recorded from two provinces in Iran (Sistan-o Baluchestan and Kermanshah Provinces). Dasydorylas derafshani sp. nov. and D. zardouei sp. nov. are characterized morphologically by DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial COI gene. Eudorylas antennalis Kapoor, Grewal & Sharma, 1987 is transferred to Dasydorlyas (comb. nov.). An existing identification key to the males of the western Palaearctic species of Dasydorylas is complemented to include the newly described species.
Die zweibändige Brecht-Biographie "Das Leben des Bertolt Brecht oder Der Umgang mit den Welträtseln" des DDR-Germanisten Werner Mittenzwei (1927–2014) gilt bis heute als Standardwerk. Seit ihrem Erscheinen 1986 im Aufbau-Verlag und ein Jahr später im westlichen Suhrkamp Verlag erlebte sie mehrere Auflagen. In der zeitgenössischen bundesrepublikanischen Kritik fand sie ein eher verhaltenes Echo. Das hatte politische und wissenschaftsgeschichtliche Gründe. Mittenzweis Werk, das bis dahin in der DDR Unerhörtes zu Brecht und der marxistischen Intellektuellengeschichte aus den Archiven zutage gefördert und kritisch dargestellt hatte, geriet schnell in den Schatten der von der Sowjetunion ausgehenden radikaleren Umwertungen während der Perestroika- und Glasnost-Politik. Das Echo war aber sicher auch deswegen verhalten, weil Mittenzweis biographische Methode weder traditionellen noch zeitgenössischen Erwartungen - etwa der Diskurstheorie, des Strukturalismus oder der Dekonstruktion - entsprach, denen Kategorien wie Autor und Werk und damit auch das Genre der Biographie überhaupt fragwürdig geworden waren. Liest man dreißig Jahre später Mittenzweis bedeutendstes Werk wieder, so relativieren sich beide Vorwürfe. Heute erscheint das Buch als der nur kurzzeitig mögliche Versuch, Brecht kritisch aus einer Epoche, einer Bewegung heraus zu verstehen, welcher der Biograph selbst noch angehörte.
Bei 'Diversität' handelt es sich um einen sehr jungen politischen Schlüsselbegriff. Parallelausdrücke wie Verschiedenheit, Vielfalt, Vielheit, Mannigfaltigkeit sowie die Komplementärbegriffe Einheit, Ganzheit, Allgemeinheit verweisen zwar auf ein Wortfeld mit weit längerer Vorgeschichte. Doch eine Begriffsgeschichte, der es um die soziale Reichweite von Begriffen und ihre kommunikativen Funktionen geht, interessiert sich besonders für diskursive Knotenpunkte und Zäsuren, an denen sich bislang weitgehend getrennte Begriffsstränge vereinigen oder wo durch neue semantische Prägungen ältere Bedeutungen aufgesogen, umgeschmolzen und neu perspektiviert werden. Der Begriff zirkuliert heute in verschiedensten Feldern (Politik, Kultur, Ökonomie, Biologie, Ökologie, Chemie) und verschränkt diese zugleich miteinander. In die wechselseitigen Übertragungen fließen dabei jeweils die Bedeutungen einer Fülle von Nachbarkonzepten ein, so dass 'Diversität' als interdisziplinärer Verbundbegriff in seinen jeweiligen Vernetzungen mit anderen (wie Anerkennung, Multikulturalismus, Integration, Inklusion, Identität, Political Correctness) rekonstruiert werden muss. Obwohl sein Aufstieg sich der Artikulation von sozialen Konflikten und Krisen der gesellschaftlichen Naturbeziehungen verdankt und sich mit seiner Verwendung sehr unterschiedliche Interessen verbinden, imponiert er doch als ein Begriff, der vor allem positiv besetzt wird und, ähnlich wie etwa der parallele Schlüsselbegriff Nachhaltigkeit, spontan Plausibilität und eine geradezu naturwüchsige Konsensualität findet.
The primary types of Onciderini Thomson, 1860 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ), Harvard University, are catalogued and illustrated. Data on the original combination, current name, gender, and type locality are verifi ed and presented. There are 19 primary types of Onciderini including seven in Oncideres Lacordaire, 1830; two in Hesychotypa Thomson, 1868; and two in Hypsioma Audinet-Serville, 1835. Of the 19 primary types, 18 were described by L. S. Dillon and E. S. Dillon. A brief history of the Coleoptera collection at the MCZ is also presented.
The eight species in the genus Tomarus Erichson (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay are reviewed. Tomarus roigjunenti new species and Tomarus spinipenis new species are described from Argentina. We include a key to species, representative habitus illustrations for all species, character illustrations, and distribution maps for each, as well as commentary about the natural history and distributions for each species. Diagnostic characters are discussed for each species, and species relationships are hypothesized based on the analysis of internal and external morphological characters. The male of T. bidentulus (Fairmaire) is described for fi rst time. The following taxonomic changes are made: Tomarus guianucai Dechambre and Lumaret, 1985 is a new junior synonym of Tomarus rubripes (Boheman, 1858), which was formerly and incorrectly cited as occurring in Argentina.
Many nomenclatural changes are implemented in the beetle families Georissidae, Histeridae, Hydraenidae, Hydrochidae, Hydrophilidae, Ptiliidae, Leiodidae and especially Staphylinidae, of the beetle series Staphyliniformia (Coleoptera), in preparation for making a world catalog of this group available online. Limited taxonomic changes are also made in the staphylinid subfamilies Osoriinae and Staphylininae.
At the level of family-group taxa, Article 29.4 of the current (1999) Zoological Code is reviewed and the original spellings of two tribal names, Nymphisterini Tishechkin (Histeridae) and Cryptonotopsisini Pace (Staphylinidae), are resurrected. The tribal name Stictocraniini Jakobson (Staphylinidae) is also resurrected as the valid name for its new synonym Fenderiini Scheerpeltz.
Changes at the genus-group level in Histeridae include placing Contipus Marseul as a new synonym of Hister Linnaeus due to the current placement of its validly designated type species C. subquadratus Marseul; proposal of Contipides Newton gen. nov. (type species Contipus digitatus Marseul) for the 10 species that had remained in Contipus of authors; and new designation of Idolia laevigata Lewis as type species of Idolia Lewis. In Ptiliidae, Rodwayia ovata Lea is newly designated as type species of Rodwayia Lea, and Throscidium germainii Matthews is newly designated as type species of Throscidium Matthews. In Staphylinidae, Paramichrotus Naomi is resurrected as a valid subgenus of Hesperosoma Scheerpeltz with Hemihesperosoma Hayashi placed as a new synonym of it; Sonoma corticina Casey is reaffi rmed as the type species of Sonoma Casey in place of Faronus tolulae LeConte; Stanosthetus Dejean is recognized as an available name and junior synonym of Euplectus Kirby; Taplandria Pace (type species T. guyanensis Pace) is recognized as a junior homonym and new synonym of Taplandria Pace (type species T. fl ava Pace); and Termitobiella Wasmann is resurrected as the valid name for the genus Felda Blackwelder. Replacement names for preoccupied generic or subgeneric names include in Histeridae Bellatricides Newton nom. nov. for Pachylister (Bellatrix) Mazur, junior homonym of Bellatrix Boie; and in Staphylinidae Foxiides Newton nom. nov. for Foxia Pace, junior homonym of Foxia Ashmead, and Xenasterides Newton nom. nov. for Xenaster Bierig, junior homonym of Xenaster Simonwitsch. Taxonomic changes at the generic level in Staphylinidae include proposal of Prolibia Newton gen. nov. (type species Lispinus californicus LeConte) for four Nearctic species recently placed in Clavilispinus Bernhauer; placement of Heterotrochinus Coiffait and its synonym Heterotrochus Coiffait as new synonyms of Eulibia Cameron; placement of the generic or subgeneric names Chapmaniella Bernhauer, Glenothorax Bierig, Euryolinus Bernhauer and Plesiolinus Bernhauer as new synonyms of Platydracus Thomson; and transfer of the subgenus Poikilodracus Scheerpeltz from Staphylinus Linnaeus to Platydracus. First reviser actions are used to select Georissites Ponomarenko (Georissidae) as the correct original spelling over the alternate original spelling Georyssites, and Kyrtusa Pace (Staphylinidae) as correct original spelling over Kirtusa.
Several hundred nomenclatural and taxonomic changes at the species group level are briefl y summarized here but are too numerous to list completely. Replacement names for preoccupied species or subspecies names in current use are proposed in Histeridae (3), Hydrochidae (1), Hydrophilidae (1), Leiodidae (2), Ptiliidae (3) and Staphylinidae (180); an additional staphylinid replacement name, Phloeopora nilgiriensis, is newly proposed by G. Paśnik. New or resurrected combinations are proposed for either nomenclatural or taxonomic reasons in the following genera (with indication of how many names in each genus): in Histeridae, Contipides Newton (10); in Staphylinidae, Abemus Mulsant and Rey (4), Allotrochus Fagel (6), Atheta Thomson (1), Cheilocolpus Solier (4), Eulibia Cameron (4), Foxiides Newton (1), Lispinus Erichson (3), Loncovilius Germain (2), Nacaeus Blackwelder (119), Naddia Fauvel (1), Neohypnus Coiffait and Sáiz (8), Neolosus Blackwelder (1), Ocypus Leach (2), Ontholestes Ganglbauer (1), Platydracus Thomson (59), Prolibia Newton (4) Termitobiella Wasmann (10), Thyreocephalus Guérin-Méneville (4), Xenasterides Newton (1), and Zeoleusis Steel (3). First reviser actions are used to resolve the correct original spellings (of two or more original spellings) of two species of Hydraena Kugelann (Hydraenidae) and 21 species of Staphylinidae. Changes in priority or availability of names are cited to establish the following names as valid over one or more new synonyms each: Acrotrichis rotundata (Haldeman) and Acrotrichis glabricollides Newton sp. nov. in Ptiliidae, Nemadiopsis franki Perreau in Leiodidae, and Gyrophaena nigra Kraatz, Heterothops fumigatus LeConte, Loncovilius germaini (Scheerpeltz), Philonthus upotovus Newton, sp. nov., Stenus fulviventris Rougemont, and nine species of Homalota Mannerheim in Staphylinidae. Finally, the species Eleusis lata Coiffait and Eleusis microlestiformis Coiffait are noted as not belonging to the genus Eleusis Laporte de Castelnau or to Staphylinidae, and are transferred without generic assignment to the subfamily Inopeplinae of the family Salpingidae.
The genus Oxidus Cook, 1911 is revised to contain five species, O. avia (Verhoeff, 1937), O. gigas (Attems, 1953), O. gracilis (C.L. Koch, 1847), O. riukiaria (Verhoeff, 1940), and “species inquirenda” O. obtusus (Takakuwa, 1942). A cosmopolitan species, O. gracilis, is widely found in temperate and sub-tropical regions over the world, but other species have limited distribution in restricted regions, e.g., O. gigas in northern Vietnam, O. riukiaria and O. avia in the Ryukyu Islands (Japan). Four species, O. gracilis, O. riukiaria, O. avia and O. gigas, are confirmed as different from each other in gonopod characters, coloration and body size. The status of the last species, O. obtusus, is still doubtful and requires examination of further fresh material. The phylogenetic relationships among species of Oxidus is analyzed using two fragments of the mitochondrial genes COI (Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I) and 16S rRNA. Three species of Oxidus are clearly separated from each other; O. gigas and O. gracilis form a monophyletic sister group with O. riukiaria. The genus Oxidus is also monophyletic and more closely related to the genus Tylopus Jeekel, 1968 than to the genera Sellanucheza Enghoff, Golovatch & Nguyen, 2004 or Kronopolites Attems, 1914. In addition, an identification key to species of Oxidus is provided.
Several millions frogs captured in the wild in Indonesia are sold for food yearly in French supermarkets, as deep frozen frog legs. They are commercialized as Rana macrodon, but up to 15 lookalike species might also be concerned by this trade. From December 2012 to May 2013, we bought 209 specimens of deep frozen frog legs, and identified them through a barcoding approach based on the 16S gene. Our results show that 206 out of the 209 specimens belong to Fejervarya cancrivora, two to Limnonectes macrodon and one to F. moodiei. Thus only 0.96 % of the frogs were correctly identified. Unless misclassification was intentional, it seems that Indonesian frog leg exporters are not able to discriminate between the species. The quasi absence of L. macrodon in our samples might be an indication of its rarity, confirming that its natural populations are declining rapidly, in agreement with its “vulnerable” status according to the IUCN Red List. Our results show that the genetic and morphological diversity of the frogs in trade is much higher than the genetic and morphological diversity measured so far by scientific studies. These results underline the need for large scale studies to assess the status of wild populations.
A new species belonging to the crustacean class Remipedia is described from an anchialine cave system on the island of Cozumel (Mexico), and is illustrated and compared morphologically and molecularly (CO1 and 16S) with closely related taxa. Xibalbanus cozumelensis sp. nov., the first remipede described from Cozumel, is morphologically similar to Xibalbanus tulumensis (Yager, 1987) from the Yucatán Peninsula, but the two species are genetically separate from each other (about 10% in CO1). A phylogenetic (Bayesian) analysis of Yucatán remipede populations based on CO1 and 16S placed them in a monophyletic Xibalbanus (in Xibalbanidae fam. nov.), with X. cozumelensis as most closely related to X. tulumensis. The Yucatán Peninsula and Cozumel have been separate since approx. early Cenozoic (~65 Ma), which suggests allopatric speciation for X. cozumelensis sp. nov. and X. tulumensis. However, the comparatively low genetic divergence between the two species may indicate that there has been gene flow between ‘mainland’ Yucatán and Cozumel long after the geological separation of the two landmasses, e.g., in cave systems under the sea bed, either continuously or sporadically, for example during the Last Glacial Maximum when the sea level was about 120 m lower than today.
The New World genus Chariessa Forster (Coleoptera: Cleroidea: Cleridae) is revised and includes C. catalina Opitz, new species, C. elegans Horn, C. dichroa (LeConte), C. floridana Schaeffer, C. pilosa (Forster), C. texana Wolcott, C. ramicornis Perty, C. vestita (Chevrolat), and C. duponti (Spinola). Enoplium pilosa var. marginata Say is synonymized with Chariessa pilosa Forster. Lectotypes are designated for C. pilosa (Forster), C. ramicornis Perty, and C. vestita (Chevrolat). Available information indicates that Chariessa adult and immature individuals are predatory on lignicolous insects with a particular affinity for cerambycids and buprestids that infest species of oak. It is postulated that Pleistocene speciation generated the North American components of Chariessa with more ancient southern species generated during the Middle Tertiary; after closures of the Middle American portals and orogeny of the South American Andes. Included in this treatise is a discussion of natural history, key to species, narratives of zoogeography and phylogeny, one diagram of a phylogenetic tree, 35 line drawings, eight SEM micrographs, twelve habitus photographs, nine photographs of male genitalia, and five distributional maps.
A primitive subfamily of false click beetles (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Phlegoninae) distributed primarily in the Neotropical region is revised. Euryphlegon gen. nov. is described from Belize in Central America. New species include: Phlegon chiriquiensis sp. nov. (Panama), Phlegon panamensis sp. nov. (Panama), Euryphlegon jacqueschassaini sp. nov. (Panama) and Euryphlegon parallelus sp. nov. (Belize). Phlegon herculeanus (Lacordaire) stat. res. is resurrected from synonymy with Phlegon buqueti Laporte. One new combination is proposed: Euryphlegon degallieri (Muona) (Phlegon). Based on a number of observed external character traits, Euryphlegon is placed in Orodotini Muona, 1993 within Macraulacinae Fleutiaux, 1922. Identifi cation keys are provided for species of Phlegon and Euryphlegon in the Neotropical region. The relationships among Phlegon, Euryphlegon, Euryptychus LeConte and other groups within Echthrogasterini Cobos, 1964 and Orodotini are discussed.
Six new species of false click beetle (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae) are described. These new species are: Fornax dixiensis sp. nov. (Florida, USA), Dromaeolus comayaguiensis sp. nov. (Honduras), Asiocnemis bicolor sp. nov. (Ecuador), Miruantennus chinensis sp. nov. (Yunnan prov., China), Miruantennus cuneiformis sp. nov. (Malaysia) and Nematodes africanus sp. nov. (Côte d’Ivoire). Identifi cation keys are provided for species of Fornax in the Nearctic ecozone and Miruantennus in the Palearctic and Indo-Malayan ecozones. A new key to include all the genera within the tribe Nematodini Leiler is also provided.
Descriptions and illustrations of the triungulin, 5th instar, and prepupal larval forms for Nematodes penetrans (LeConte, 1852) (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae: Macraulacinae: Nematodini) are given. The descriptions are based on triungulins collected in a plastic vial as well as 5th instars and prepupal larval stages collected from hard sections of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marshall; Aceraceae) logs and limbs. Adults were reared from those pieces placed in plastic bags. Biological information is provided, based on literature search and personal observations.
Comparative studies between larvae of N. penetrans and the European species, Nematodes fi lum (Fabricius, 1801) along with other Nearctic larval forms are briefl y discussed. This discovery represents the fi rst larval description for the genus in the Nearctic region.
New state records for 49 species of Eucnemidae (Coleoptera) are reported throughout the United States and a single species is newly reported from Utah. Diagnostic remarks are offered for Xylophilus crassicornis Muona and distributional observations are discussed for Dirrhagofarsus lewisi. The importance of retaining by-catch from statewide, regional, and national surveys for future studies is also discussed.
Als der jiddische Dichter Abraham Sutzkever 1943 im Ghetto von Wilna sein Gedicht "unter dayne vayse shtern" ("Unter deinen weißen Sternen") schrieb, hatte er bereits die Ermordung der Hälfte aller jüdischen Einwohner der litauischen Hauptstadt, darunter seine Mutter und sein neugeborenes Kind, erlebt. Er selbst überlebte die Vernichtung zunächst in der durch die Deutschen besetzten Stadt - bis dahin auch "Yerushalyim de Lite" genannt -, dann im Ghetto und später als Partisan in den Naroczer Wäldern, von wo aus er noch während des Krieges nach Moskau gelangte. Nachdem er bei den Nürnberger Prozessen als Zeuge ausgesagt hatte, emigrierte er schließlich 1947 über Polen und Frankreich nach Erez Israel, wo er bis zu seinem Tod 2010 lebte und schrieb. So wendungsreich sein Lebensweg war, so vielschichtig sind seine lyrischen Texte. Immer neu kreisen sie um das Gedenken an die Ermordeten und versuchen, dem drohenden Abbruch jüdischer Gedächtnisgenealogie zu begegnen. [...] Sutzkevers bekannteste Ghetto-Dichtung, vertont von Avrom Brudno und vermutlich uraufgeführt in einer Revue des Ghetto-Theaters, thematisiert das Rätsel des verborgenen göttlichen Antlitzes.
This paper revises the genus Ganelius Benesh, which is endemic to Madagascar, in the stag beetle tribe Figulini Burmeister (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae). Species in the genus are striking in their highly sexually dimorphic mandibles, a character that rarely occurs in the tribe. The genus was previously comprised of four species, but three of these names were problematic or questionably applied. A lectotype is designated for G. madagascariensis Laporte, a neotype is designated for Ganelius oberndorferi Nonfried, and Nigidius passaliformis Benesh is newly synonymized with G. oberndorferi. Two new species, G. gnamptus Paulsen and G. zombi Paulsen, are described from western Madagascar. The identity of the overlooked Ganelius nageli (Kriesche) is fixed through a neotype designation, and the species is moved to the new genus Agnelius, which is distinguished from Ganelius by a lack of sexual dimorphism, serrate protibiae, and a more flattened body.
This paper describes and illustrates a new genus and a new species belonging to the family Nesticidae based on morphology and supported by molecular data. The new genus, Kryptonesticus gen. nov., groups eight species spread from Bulgaria and Turkey to Croatia, including Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Crete. As a result, seven new combinations are proposed: K. eremita (Simon, 1879) comb. nov., K. arenstorffi (Kulczyński, 1914) comb. nov., K. fagei (Kratochvíl, 1933) comb. nov., K. beroni (Deltshev, 1977) comb. nov., K. beshkovi (Deltshev, 1979) comb. nov., K. henderickxi (Bosselaers, 1998) comb. nov. and K. dimensis (López-Pancorbo, Kunt & Ribera, 2013) comb. nov., all ex Nesticus. Kryptonesticus deelemanae gen. et sp. nov. is described on the basis of both sexes and its phylogenetic relationships with closely related species are discussed based on morphological and molecular data (the cox1, rrn and H3 genes). In addition, the species of this new genus (except for K. eremita) are clear candidates for protection: they have highly restricted ranges and some of them show a high degree of adaptation to the subterranean environment.
Six species of Anastatus Motschulsky, 1859 (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) were described from China in Chinese by J.K. Sheng and coauthors in 1997 and 1998: A. dexingensis, A. flavipes, A. fulloi, A. huangi, A. meilingensis and A. shichengensis. This represents almost half the species of Anastatus recorded from China, but no keys were given to differentiate the species and the original descriptions included only simple line drawings to illustrate the species. Because recognition of these species is critical prior to clarifying the Anastatus fauna of China and of the eastern Palaearctic and Oriental regions, we have redescribed the six species in detail in English based on original type material, illustrating the species through macrophotography of type material and providing a key to differentiate females of the species.
A new species of the Andean stag beetle genus Auxicerus Waterhouse, 1883 is described from the humid Tucuman-Bolivian forest in the southern Bolivian Andes. Auxicerus magnipunctatus sp. nov. is distinguished from all congeners by the distinctly larger punctures of the mesosternum; antennomeres 2–6 subquadrate, last two joints of club wider than long; lamellae not widely separated; posterior end of ocular canthus rounded and anterior edge of canthus moderately developed into an obtuse triangle. Auxicerus magnipunctatus sp. nov. is possibly endemic to the Tucuman-Bolivian forest. Along with the presence of other endemic beetle species with tropical congeners, the discovery of A. magnipunctatus sp. nov. supports the idea that the persistence of rather tropical taxa in the subtropical realm is fostered by increased humidity at orographic rain barriers and climatic stability in the Tucuman-Bolivian forest.