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North and South America share about 675 species that show two basic patterns, namely, those with a continuous range and those with a disjunct distribution. Both may have resulted from step-bystep migration, but the latter, including 118 species, may be due to break up of previous distributions by post-Tertiary tectonic and climatic changes or by long-distance dispersal.
The West Indies have strong continental affinities, but the strongest are with South America, not Central America as was once thought. Moss diversity is the result of migration after the Miocene; the patterns of distribution involving the West Indies and South or North America indicate both migration as well as floristic flows through the Antillean Arc. Speciation due to selective pressures in the changing climate of the Pleistocene gave rise to endemic taxa, but paleoendemics may have resulted in a previous archipelago condition.
Advances in Mexican bryology
(1990)
Herbaria: The National Council for the Flora of Mexico (Consejo Nacional de la Flora de México) recently published a revised edition of the catalogue of Mexican herbaria (Arreguín & Valenzuela 1986). This contains information on 58 institutional herbaria including name, accepted acronym -when available-, number of specimens, important col-lections, available services, staff research interests, geographical coverage, etc.