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Am Fachbereich Medizin und dem Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt existierten bereits seit 2002 mehrere einzelne medizindidaktische Kurse. Diese Aktivitäten wurden 2011 strukturiert, ein umfassendes Kursangebot, das das breite Spektrum an Themen rund um die Lehre abdeckt, wurde aufgebaut und unter dem Dach der Frankfurter Arbeitsstelle für Medizindidaktik (FAM) am Fachbereich institutionalisiert. Folgende Faktoren waren für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung ausschlaggebend: vorhandene Programme in anderen Bundesländern (v.a. Baden-Württemberg, Nordrhein-Westfalen) mit entsprechenden Vorgaben, die Unterstützung der Studiendekane, die Verankerung der Teilnahme an medizindidaktischen Kursen in der Habilitationsordnung sowie eine kritische Masse von an der Lehre interessierten Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeitern. Kernelemente des Angebots sind ein Basiskurs für alle neu eingestellten wissenschaftlichen Angestellten mit Lehrverpflichtung und ein modularer Aufbau des Programms, der individuellen Präferenzen bzw. Erfordernissen entgegen kommt. Gleichwohl die Teilnahme am Kursprogramm überwiegend verpflichtend erfolgt, zeigt sich eine hohe Zufriedenheit und ein nachhaltiger Wissenszuwachs bei den Kursteilnehmerinnen und Kursteilnehmern.
Background: There is general consensus that the organizational and administrative aspects of academic study programs exert an important influence on teaching and learning. Despite this, no comprehensive framework currently exists to describe the conditions that affect the quality of teaching and learning in medical education. The aim of this paper is to systematically and comprehensively identify these factors to offer academic administrators and decision makers interested in improving teaching a theory-based and, to an extent, empirically founded framework on the basis of which improvements in teaching quality can be identified and implemented.
Method: Primarily, the issue was addressed by combining a theory-driven deductive approach with an experience based, “best evidence” one during the course of two workshops held by the GMA Committee on Personnel and Organizational Development in Academic Teaching (POiL) in Munich (2013) and Frankfurt (2014). Two models describing the conditions relevant to teaching and learning (Euler/Hahn and Rindermann) were critically appraised and synthesized into a new third model. Practical examples of teaching strategies that promote or hinder learning were compiled and added to the categories of this model and, to the extent possible, supported with empirical evidence.
Based on this, a checklist with recommendations for optimizing general academic conditions was formulated.
Results: The Frankfurt Model of conditions to ensure Quality in Teaching and Learning covers six categories: organizational structure/medical school culture, regulatory frameworks, curricular requirements, time constraints, material and personnel resources, and qualification of teaching staff. These categories have been supplemented by the interests, motives and abilities of the actual teachers and students in this particular setting. The categories of this model provide the structure for a checklist in which recommendations for optimizing teaching are given.
Conclusions: The checklist derived from the Frankfurt Model for ensuring quality in teaching and learning can be used for quality assurance and to improve the conditions under which teaching and learning take place in medical schools.
Razina pročišćenosti alogenoga koštanog bloka = Variant purification of an allogeneic bone block
(2017)
Svrha: Ovaj kratak tekst izvještava o histološkoj analizi sastava komercijalno raspoloživih alogenih koštanih blokova Maxgraft®. Materijali i metode: Na temelju objavljenih histoloških metoda prazni uzorci alogenih koštanih blokova Maxgraft® dekalcificirani su, dehidrirani i uloženi u parafin prije histološkog i histokemijskog bojenja. Nakon toga na prerezima su se procjenjivala obilježja materijala, poput strukture koštanoga matriksa i druge komponente, uključujući kolagen ili stanice/stanične ostatke. Rezultati: Uočeno je da ovi koštani blokovi imaju trabekularnu strukturu s lamelarnom podorganizacijom. Dodatno su nađeni i stanični ostatci unutar lakuna osteocita i na vanjskim površinama trabekula zajedno s ostatcima intertrabekularnog masnog i vezivnog tkiva, te kolagene strukture, vezivno-tkivne stanice i stanični ostatci. Zaključak: U skladu s dosadašnjim istraživanjima, podatci iz ovoga teksta pokazuju da neke od certificiranih tehnika pročišćavanja ne omogućuju proizvodnju alogenog materijala bez organskih stanica i tkivnih komponenata.