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En este trabajo se describe una nueva especie de Alurnus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), A. chocoensis Pardo y Constantino, con notable coloración rojo sangre en todo el cuerpo, excepto las hembras que presentan el pronoto de color negro. La nueva especie es una plaga importante del follaje en palma de chontaduro (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) en la costa pacífica de Colombia y es un endemismo propio de las selvas lluviosas de la región biogeografica del Chocó, en el occidente de Colombia. Se presentan apuntes sobre su biología y ecología.
A new genus of Sparianthinae spiders, Cuiambuca gen. nov., is proposed to include the type species, Cuiambuca vacabrava sp. nov. (♂♀), from Paraíba and Sergipe, C. aratangi sp. nov. (♂♀), from Paraíba and Pernambuco, and C. borborema sp. nov. (♀) from Alagoas, all in northeastern Brazil. The genus is remarkable in that it exhibits a partly sclerotized conductor, with a sclerotized base and a distal hyaline sheath, in the male palp, a keyhole-shaped median septum in the female epigyne as well as a gourd-shaped spermathecae and blind ending projection in the vulva. All species are described and illustrated and a distribution map is provided.
Entoloma (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) is a species-rich genus with approximately 2000 species known worldwide. In Central America, however, information about the species of this genus is sparse, despite the generally high biodiversity in this region. Recently, 124 specimens of Entoloma were collected in Panama, Chiriquí Province. In the present publication, the morphology of 20 species represented by more than one specimen is described and depicted with photographs, line drawings, and scanning electron micrographs. Molecular phylograms based on ITS or concatenated ITS and partial nc LSU rDNA sequences are provided. The taxonomic status of these species is evaluated and 17 species of Entoloma are described as new to science. Only one species could be assigned to an already known species, viz. Entoloma belouvense. Nolanea albertinae, described from Brazil, appeared similar and is combined in E. belouvense on varietal level. The identifications of two further species are uncertain. At least 30 other species, including potentially new species, cannot formally be described due to insufficient material. A preliminary key to the species of the genus Entoloma in Panama is provided. The spatial shape of the polyhedroid basidiospores of Entoloma spp. is discussed based on literature and the micrographs generated for the present study. Our re-evaluations indicate that the type of polyhedroid basidiospore and the structure of its base are not reliable as diagnostic characters for the delimitation of subgenera in Entoloma.
Actualmente existen dos especies de gorgojos (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) que barrenan los frutos de la palma de chontaduro Bactris gasipaes Kunth en Colombia y que ocasionan pérdidas de hasta el 100% de la producción. Palmelampius heinrichi O’Brien es la principal plaga del cultivo en toda la costa pacífica y en vastas regiones de la amazonia y el piedemonte llanero. En este trabajo se describe una nueva especie del género Parisoschoenus Faust, P. bactrisae Constantino y Pardo-Locarno que ocurre simpátricamente con P. heinrichi en la costa pacífica de Colombia causando un daño similar y que se diferencia de la especie anterior por la presencia de cuernos prosternales notorios en los machos. Adicionalmente, se describe una nueva especie de Cylindrocerus Schönherr, C. loxodontus Constantino y Pardo-Locarno, que presenta cuernos prosternales recurvados, asociada a las inflorescencias de la palma de chontaduro y se alimenta del polen de las brácteas.
The following Silvaninae (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) are included: Synobius Sharp, 1899, with its species, Synobius lobicollis Sharp, 1899 and Synobius lobatus (Grouvelle, 1896); Neocorimus thomasi, new genus and new species; Austronausibius wagneri (Grouvelle) new combination, a species originally placed in Nausibius Lentz by Grouvelle (1913); a third species of Pensus Halstead, 1973, is described, Pensus hirtus new species, and a short key given for distinguishing it from the already known species, Pensus gilae (Casey) and Pensus guatemalenus (Sharp); also Coccidotrophus Schwarz and Barber, 1921,including Coccidotrophus socialis Schwarz and Barber, 1921, Coccidotrophus cordiae Barber, 1928, Coccidotrophus wheeleri (Schwarz and Barber) new combination (a species originally placed in Eunausibius Grouvelle by Schwarz and Barber (1921)) plus two new species, Coccidotrophus platyops, new species;Coccidotrophus trinidadensis, new species making a total of five in this genus; other taxa included are, Eunausibius Grouvelle, 1913, with its described and a new species as follows, Eunausibius tenebrionoides (Grouvelle), Eunausibius jatahyensis, new species, Eunausibius elongatus (Grouvelle); and finally Annomus bolivianus, new genus and new species. Additionally, taxonomic changes are made for two species originally described in Eunausibius: Nausibius lophius (Parsons) new combination (= Eunausibius lophius Parsons) and Nausibius salutaris (Parsons) new combination (= Eunausibius salutaris Parsons). Descriptions, diagnoses, and illustrations (habitus and male genitalia line drawings plus four color habitus photographs) are provided.
Background: Taxonomy offers precise species identification and delimitation and thus provides basic information for biological research, e.g. through assessment of species richness. The importance of molecular taxonomy, i.e., the identification and delimitation of taxa based on molecular markers, has increased in the past decade. Recently developed exploratory tools now allow estimating species-level diversity in multi-locus molecular datasets.
Results: Here we use molecular species delimitation tools that either quantify differences in intra- and interspecific variability of loci, or divergence times within and between species, or perform coalescent species tree inference to estimate species-level entities in molecular genetic datasets. We benchmark results from these methods against 14 morphologically readily differentiable species of a well-defined subgroup of the diverse Drusinae subfamily (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae). Using a 3798 bp (6 loci) molecular data set we aim to corroborate a geographically isolated new species by integrating comparative morphological studies and molecular taxonomy.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that only multi-locus species delimitation provides taxonomically relevant information. The data further corroborate the new species Drusus zivici sp. nov. We provide differential diagnostic characters and describe the male, female and larva of this new species and discuss diversity patterns of Drusinae in the Balkans. We further discuss potential and significance of molecular species delimitation. Finally we argue that enhancing collaborative integrative taxonomy will accelerate assessment of global diversity and completion of reference libraries for applied fields, e.g., conservation and biomonitoring.
Twenty-eight new species of plant-feeding Cecidmnyiidae are described from galls taken on five species of Acacia in Kenya. The new species are placed in seven genera, four of them new. The new taxa, to be attributed to Gagne, are as follows, in bold face: in Acacidiplosis: ananas, cespitosa, conica, crispa, echinata, erupta, hamata, imbIicata, lamosa, lugosa, spinosa, undulata, and verticillata; in Aposchizomyia: acuta, brevis, crenata, longa, striata, and turnouri; Asphondylia napiformis; in Athidiplosis: bullata and walteri; in Contarinia. earolinae, hongoi, and plicata, Kimadiplosis divel sa, in Lupesia. niloticae and armata. The larvae, pupae, and the host-specific galls of these species generally offer the best characters for species discrimination. Galls of several additional species of gall midges from Acacia spp. in Kenya are described, but the gall makers are left unnamed for lack of suitable specimens. Collula acaciae (Kieffer 1912) is shown to be a junior homonym of Collula acaciae (Kieffer 1909) andis renamed kiefferi. Gail midges from acacias in Africa, India, and Australia are reviewed. Cecidomyia acaciaelongifoliae Skuse (1890) from Australia is newly combined in Dasineura. Two ofthe Bew species, Acacidiplodisspinosa and Aposehizomyia acula, inhibit flowering of Acacia nilotica and are potential biological control agents of their host in Australia.