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Es handelt sich hier um die portugiesische Übersetzung einer an der Universität Wien eingereichten Magisterarbeit aus dem Jahr 2004. Die übersetzte Version wurde im Jahr 2006 zudem um einige Inhalte erweitert.
A língua como pátria
(2006)
It is our aim to focus on certain aspects of the complex relationship between language – particularly German – and homeland/identity as seen in the work of a number of Jewish poets and authors. Initially we wish to point out this conflicting relationship in the work of Paul Celan and Rose Ausländer, two Jewish poets born in Romania. The examples of Viktor Klemperer and Ruth Klüger emphasize the complexity of this specific characteristic in the biography/work of German authors of Jewish origin. Elias Canetti, the Nobel Laureate born in Bulgaria, is a literary personality whose biography shows the importance of German culture influence in Eastern Europe at the beginning of the Twentieth Century: Canetti considers himself a German poet who belongs to the German-speaking cultural and literary world.
This article deals with experimentation in contemporary German theatre, making a survey of experimental elements in German and Brazilian stagings, particularly of Shakespearean texts, which took place from 1990 to the present. The survey has been based on the analysis of reviews published in newspapers and magazines in both countries, and also on video recordings of two German and one Brazilian stagings. The article describes the concepts of experimentation and convention developed in the study, presents the results of the research and discusses the appropriation of these elements, especially the experimental ones, in the contemporary Brazilian and German Theater.
The article studies the German-speaking poetess Nelly Sachs, who received the Nobel-Prize for literature in 1966, together with Shmuel Agnon. In order to shed light upon the behind the decision of the jury, an overview on life and work of the author will be given and a number of poems will be analyzed.
In Hoffmann’s tales, visual references and optical devices play an important role as thematic and structural components. This article will analyze this subject in a historical context where the social differentiation and the optical media result in a questioning of observation and perspective. Hoffmann’s writing may therefore be conceived, at least partially, through his position towards visibility. This paper will first provide a general look at the interrelations between Hoffmann’ s texts and certain painting styles and then take a closer look at “The Sandman” as a keywork for romantic perspectivism.
This article takes a new look at the novels of the Austrian Jewish writer Adolf Dessauer (1849-1916). Dessauer wrote an ironic chronicle of his contemporaries' world in turn-of-the-century Vienna. A banker by profession and an amateur novelist, he published two novels in his lifetime ("Götzendienst", in 1896, and "Großstadtjuden", in 1910), both taking place in the Habsburg capital, which was then undergoing a process of rapid economic and social change. Though his books are nowadays virtually forgotten, Dessauer was a very accurate chronicler of the customs of the social class which ascended with economic liberalism, and which became increasingly close to the empire's declining aristocracy, mimicking its tastes and habits.
As opposed to what happened in other European nations, the bourgeoisie in the Habsburg Empire never attempted to construct its own aesthetic and cultural repertoire, but consistently imitated the aristocratic patterns of its time. Dessauer makes a biting and ironical portrait of this class and its attempt at aristocratic appearances.
He also shows how Karl Lueger's Christian anti-Semitic party in Austria recruited its voters from the impoverished class of artisans, which had lost space as a consequence of the establishment of a new economic order. Lueger's political campaign was directed towards this growing class, and he identified the rise of liberal capitalism with Jews and Judaism.
In "Großstadtjuden" Dessauer looks at the same phenomena, but does so from a strictly Jewish point of view. His second novel portrays the reactions of a number of Jewish families from Vienna to rising anti-Semitism. This historical aspect of the Viennese Jewish community, which was Europe's numerically largest after Warsaw's, is a striking prelude to the history of European Jewry in the 20th.century, thus giving Dessauer's work an unexpected afterlife.
Este artigo investiga a "Tese" do primado do objeto na obra de Theodor W. Adorno, central ao seu materialismo não dogmático e relativamente pouco estudada. O primado do objeto será apresentado em seus elementos constitutivos, como crítica ao modo essencialmente idealista da dialética que perpassa o conjunto da obra de Adorno, em especial nos textos e discussões que precederam a publicação da Dialektik der Aufklãrung, para se explicitar no período de elaboração da Negative Dialektik. A "Tese" desenvolve momentos apresentados por Lukács, Benjamin e Horkheimer, particularmente quanto ao nexo entre razão e experiência e se fundamenta especialmente no trajeto Kant - Hegel, como crítica ao idealismo, incorporando de modo estruturante as perspectivas de Marx e de Nietzsche. Ao romper a pretensa "simetria" entre sujeito e objeto, a "Tese" do primado do objeto revela como é insustentável a alegação habermasiana do Discurso filosófico da modernidade segundo a qual Adorno e Horkheimer incidiriam num ceticismo total frente à razão e à sua totalização ideológica. Ao contrário: estes autores, ao articularem de um modo original substância material histórica e argumentação teórica, contribuíram de modo fundamental para examinar o problema da reificação mediante sua relação à objetividade - como o não-idêntico - no âmbito da razão.
The article traces the development of Günter Grass's work with special emphasis on his reception in Germany and his being awarded the Nobel Prize. It shows how Grass employs traditional narrative strategies, particularly that of the fairy-tale, and how he represents the recent German past in figures of the unreal. By these means his texts are able to show the grotesqueness of historical reality in the 20th century.
Considering the European mentality of the first half of the 19th century, this article discusses the important role of E. T. A. Hoffmann in the literature of that period. The text deals specially with Hoffmann’s critique of the superiority of reason over imagination. Cultivating the grotesque and the supernatural, Hoffmann criticizes the bourgeois attitudes towards an unquestioned belief in the reason as the unique savior of mankind.
German immigration to Brazil starts in the 19th century. In Brazil, the German Immigration Literature has already been a subject of many studies. Nevertheless, what was produced in Germany during the period of the great emigration by the land people of these emigrates is still unknown by the Brazilian people and also by the German folk. This article shows the results of a careful bibliographic research, that was made in German libraries and archives. In this article there is an important work: one narrative from Amalia Schoppe, Die Auswanderer nach Brasilien oder die Hütte am Gigitonhonha. They present interesting aspects about Brazil and about Germany at the e(im)migation context in the 19th century.