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Many critics have pointed out the importance of revelation by John of Patmos as an intertext in Michel Tournier's "Le roi des aulnes" [...]. They normally refer to the apocalyptic ending of the novel as the most obvious link with the Johannine text. This connection is obvious not only because the final scene is the destruction of Kaltenborn castle with all its inhabitants (and by extension the destruction of the entire Third Reich), but also because there are direct references to revelation in Tournier's text [...]. However, the importance of Johannine discourse goes well beyond this overt intertextuality.
Die produktive Rezeption von Thomas Mann im Roman "Ana em Veneza" von João Silvério Trevisan (1994)
(1999)
The novel "Ana em Veneza" (1994) by João Silvério Trevisan is composed as a literary game of intertextual references to the works of Thomas Mann. Especially his tales "Enttäuschung" ("Desillusion") and "Tod in Venedig" ("Death in Venice") and his novel "Doktor Faustus" serve as models. Trevisan uses figures, motives and themes of Thomas Mann on various levels of his own literary creation, thus using elements in the works of the German writer as pattern of a "European" attitude towards art, about which he argues through his characters, seeking a specific Brazilian identity as an artist. The article surveys this productive reception of motives from Thomas Mann's works, refering to the basic ideas of the novel.
The argument proceeds from the documentary hypothesis in modern biblical studies. This hypothesis is based on the assumption that the 1st 5 books of the Old Testament were written by four different authors at different times. These authors are known as J, P, E and D. Their writing was joined in the 5th c. B.C.E. into what became the Pentateuch and the first part of the Old Testament. The result of this joining was a series of contradictions and redundancies in the final text as we have it today. Readers of the Bible who seek to read it as one coherent text try to naturalize these contradictions by what I call "stitching." Stitching involves putting coherence back into the Pentateuch by accounting for the contradictions and redundancies in terms of plausibility and common logic. Modern authors who write versions of Old Testament stories, such as Thomas Mann in his "Joseph and his brothers", also engage in stitching. I demonstrate how Mann stitches a number of important episodes from the Patriarch saga. I discuss the effect of this process on the story line. I compare that to two other recent instances of biblical stitching in modern fiction. And I conclude with the argument that stitching in modern biblical hypertexts stems from the need for coherence in the modern realistic novel. This post-enlightenment coherence impulse is contrasted with myth and the latter's tolerance for loose ends and less than coherent narrative.
From the very beginning literary discourse plays a decisive role in the context of colonial discourse of power. Even Anna Seghers, a progressive socialist authoress with a fixation on the Enlightenment, the French Revolution and the Jewish-Christian tradition is unable to detach herself from the European claim on universality. In a tensely opposed relationship of projection and otherness, of "memoria" and intertextuality, Heiner Müller, however, understands literature in the sense of Emanuel Lévina's respect for the other being as a work on difference.
The Book of Job from the Old Testament is juxtaposed in detail with its hypertext in Thomas Mann's novel: the chapter where Jacob mourns for his "dead" Joseph. An argument is made that Mann's awareness of rabbinical literature creates a connection with the Akedah tradition, i.e., different ways of dealing with the sacrifice of Isaac by Abraham in Genesis. The notion that Abraham actually does kill Isaac, as suggested by a medieval rabbinical text, is interwoven into the analysis of Jacob's mourning for Joseph who appears as an Issaac-like sacrificial victim in Mann's novel. A connection is established between Abraham, Job and Jacob as figures whose children are claimed by God, and their reactions to this test are compared.
Film review: The Matrix cult
(2003)
Much of the semiotic discussion around the deeper structures of "The Matrix" has tended to center around positive ethical and philosophical systems. Thus, numerous critics have pointed out the Christian subtext in the film with Neo as Christ and Morpheus as John the Baptist (James L. Ford: 8). The Garden of Eden story has been superimposed on "The Matrix" as well with the implication that just as Adam's and Eve's awakening to knowledge makes Christianity possible, so too, Neo's awakening will lead to the salvation of humanity by a Christ-like figure (cf. James S. Spiegel: 13). Others have picked out connections with Joseph Campbell's monomyth concept where the hero must depart from the familiar world, go into a netherworld and return morally transformed (A. Samuel Kimball: 176, 198). There is also the Platonic interpretation where the passage toward the light from the famous cave allegory is read into the awakening process of "The Matrix": "The theme of appearance versus reality is as old as Plato's Republic. And while perhaps no writer or artist has improved upon his cave allegory in presenting this theme, the Wachowski brothers' The Matrix might be as effective an attempt as any since Plato, in cinematic history anyway" (James S. Spiegel: 9). Buddhism and its notion that reality is illusion appears as an equally convincing model for reading "The Matrix" (James L. Ford: 10). Even Gnosticism has been used as an interesting semiotic framework for the film (Frances Flannery-Dailey and Rachel Wagner: 10-12).
In Vagabondaggio from the early collection Il gioco del rovescio, Tabucchi undertakes an oneiric and personal approach to the life and work of the Italian symbolist poet Dino Campana (1885–1932). The text is based on Nietzsche’s aphorism "Reisende und ihre Grade" ( Menschliches, Allzumenschliches), which establishes five categories of voyagers. Tabuchi uses these as stages in the protagonist’s quest for personal aesthetics. The aesthetics itself alludes to major motives in Campana’s masterpiece, Canti Orfici.
Goethe e Brecht em diálogo
(2008)
O propósito desse trabalho é tecer um paralelo entre os prólogos do "Faust I", o "prólogo no céu" de Goethe e o prólogo da peça de Brecht "Der gute Mensch von Sezuan". A análise comparativa dos dois textos oferece subsídios para se afirmar que Brecht cria uma paródia do prólogo goethiano, procedimento que será interpretado como uma das características da literatura do século XX. Tal recurso de intertextualidade e de recriação será visto como uma forma de caracterizar o presente amorfo a partir do confronto e da analogia, com visão crítica, de uma obra consagrada da tradição.
Wie wenige literarische Werke stehen die Romane von Bret Easton Ellis im Zeichen von Serie und Wiederholung. Sie bersten vor Motiv- und Form-Wiederholungen, sind mit ihren intertextuellen Zitaten einerseits Fortsetzungen voneinander, andererseits "Wiederholungen" von Figuren aus den Texten anderer Autoren und Produzenten, sie sind besessen von der Serialität der elektronischen Medien, und - last but not least - sie warten mit einem Serienmörder (in 'American Psycho') und mit Anschlagsserien (in 'Glamorama') auf. Damit überschreiten sie die analytische Unterscheidung der Bereiche des Seriellen, die Christine Blättler in ihrem enzyklopädischen Aufsatz über die Serie aufgestellt hat: Produktion, Präsentation und Narration sind bei Ellis gleichzeitig von Wiederholungen und Serien gekennzeichnet.
Nesta análise do romance "Die neuen Leiden des jungen W." (1973) em sua intertextualidade com os romances de Goethe, Defoe e Salinger, sugere-se que o texto de Plenzdorf cria um universo estilístico e ideológico instigante a uma produção inserida no contexto literário do Realismo Socialista dos anos 70 na Alemanha Oriental. Vinte anos após a Queda do Muro de Berlim, esse universo revela-se atual, senão modelar, para o (re)trabalho de memória cultural da RDA representado na literatura e no cinema contemporâneos. Para tanto, recorre-se às análises da intertextualidade como um método de abordagem de processos de transformação. Expõem-se, então, os diferentes processos observados no romance em relação aos seus pré-textos.