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Seit dem Erscheinen der letzten deutschen Florenliste für Farn- und Samenpflanzen im Jahr 1998 haben sich zahlreiche Änderungen ergeben: Erstnachweise, Streichungen und Neubeschreibungen von Sippen, taxonomische Neubewertungen und nomenklatorische Änderungen. Das neue Verzeichnis listet alle in Deutschland etablierten Sippen (Indigene, Archäophyten, Neophyten) der Rangstufen Art und Unterart auf sowie eine Auswahl an Synonymen. Akzeptiert werden 4165 Sippen. Die Kriterien für etablierte Neophyten wurden geringfügig modifiziert. Durch den Bezug zum "Kritischen Band" der Rothmaler-Exkursionsflora ist im Gegensatz zu früheren Florenlisten eine eindeutige taxonomische Verknüpfung hergestellt; Abweichungen werden kommentiert. Eine Reihe taxonomisch kritischer Taxa wurde von Spezialisten bearbeitet.
Generally, information provision and certifcation have been identified as the major economic functions of rating agencies. This paper analyzes whether the “watchlist” (rating review) instrument has extended the agencies' role towards a monitoring position, as proposed by Boot, Milbourn, and Schmeits (2006). Using a data set of Moody's rating history between 1982 and 2004, we find that the overall information content of rating action has indeed increased since the introduction of the watchlist procedure. Our findings suggest that rating reviews help to establish implicit monitoring contracts between agencies and borrowers and as such enable a finer partition of rating information, thereby contributing to a higher information quality.
Generally, information provision and certification have been identified as the major economic functions of rating agencies. This paper analyzes whether the “watchlist" (rating review) instrument has extended the agencies' role towards a monitoring position, as proposed by Boot, Milbourn, and Schmeits (2006). Using a data set of Moody's rating history between 1982 and 2004, we find that the overall information content of rating action has indeed increased since the introduction of the watchlist procedure. Our findings suggest that rating reviews help to establish implicit monitoring contracts between agencies and borrowers and as such enable a finer partition of rating information, thereby contributing to a higher information quality.