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Starting from Warburg, the distinguishing mark of an image, considered as identity-difference of visible and invisible, is its offering itself as an implementation of a temporality, and at the same time of a memory that is immanent in the sensible structure of the image. It’s what we find both in Benjamin and in Adorno: in both cases, it is just because the image is marked by a “internal time” that it is able to have a critical function towards reality, and at the same time an utopian character that is all the same with its non-renounceable testimonial task.
This study points out the methodological centrality assumed by the notion of “physiognomy”, both in Benjamin and in Adorno, namely the idea that the forms of the works of art, and generally those of the visual phenomena, are direct “expression”, in a micro-monadological way, of an historical-social sense, not otherwise attainable. On the one hand Benjamin’s physiognomy shows a particular interpretative “openness” to its objects, on the other that of Adorno remains subjected to an epistemological model of “totality”, from the Hegelian-Marxian tradition, which risks compromising the hermeneutic efficacy of its own original philosophical approach.
In un'intervista rilasciata in piena maturità a ricordo degli anni di gioventù, Bloch concentra la sua attenzione sulle rilessioni antimilitaristiche contenute in 'Spirito dell'utopia' (1918 e 1923). soprattutto riformula quella questione che – proposta con veemenza nella Introduzione (dal titolo Intenzione) del suo libro – attraversa come un ilo sotterraneo tutta la sua produzione giovanile: "dove deve essere rintracciata l'origine di quella cecità che ha portato al crimine della guerra? perché il popolo dei poeti e dei pensatori ha imboccato il vicolo cieco del primo conlitto mondiale?".
La vis polemica di Bloch nei confronti dello storico colpo di tuono emerge dai passi iniziali di 'Spirito dell’utopia', uno studio che – come segnala l'"avvertenza" del 1936 – è stato "sviscerato e realizzato di note contro la guerra". È soprattutto a un intenso brano della "Intenzione" che bloch affida la sua denuncia della barbarie della prima conflagrazione bellica, inquadrandola in uno 'Zeitgeist' di generale immiserimento economico e morale.
Raoul Sage
(2010)
As an exemplum of that kind of “modern” art, in terms of Adorno, Kafka’s work is marked not only by its strictly “realistic” character, but also by the unavoidable critical and testimonial value of that realism. According to this perspective, both in Adorno and in Benjamin the testimonial aspect of Kafkian writing – that is of a writing as “dialectical image”, as memory of the unfullfilled possibility – it’s all the same not with its symbolical or “epiphanical” aspect but instead with its “allegorical” one.