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Many QCD based and phenomenological models predict changes of hadron properties in a strongly interacting environment. The results of these models differ significantly and the experimental determination of hadron properties in nuclear matter is essential. In this paper we present a review of selected physics results obtained at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH by HADES (High-Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer). The e+e− pair emission measured for proton and heavy-ion induced collisions is reported together with results on strangeness production. The future HADES activities at the planned FAIR facility are also discussed.
We investigate identical pion HBT intensity interferometry in central Au+Au collisions at 1.23A GeV. High-statistics π−π− and π+π+ data are measured with HADES at SIS18/GSI. The radius parameters, derived from the correlation function depending on relative momenta in the longitudinally comoving system and parametrized as three-dimensional Gaussian distribution, are studied as function of transverse momentum. A substantial charge-sign difference of the source radii is found, particularly pronounced at low transverse momentum. The extracted source parameters agree well with a smooth extrapolation of the center-of-mass energy dependence established at higher energies, extending the corresponding excitation functions down towards a very low energy.
his contribution aims to give a basic overview of the latest results regarding the production of resonances in different collision systems. The results were extracted from experimental data collected with HADES that is a multipurpose detector located at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum, Darmstadt. The main points discussed here are: the properties of the strange resonances Λ(1405) and Σ(1385), the role of Δ’s as a source of pions in the final state, the production dynamics reflected in form of differential cross sections, and the role of the ϕ meson as a source for K− particles.
Franz Blei, 1871–1942
(2023)
Franz Blei war einer der umtriebigsten Homme de lettres der ersten drei Jahrzehnte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Vielen bekannt als Autor des "Bestiarium literaricum" und als Entdecker von Robert Musil und Franz Kafka, war er auch ein höchst produktiver Übersetzer und außergewöhnlich kosmopolitischer Geist, der sich konsequent für die Verbreitung europäischer und amerikanischer Literatur in deutscher Übersetzung einsetzte.
Felix Paul Greve, 1879–1948
(2022)
Felix Paul Greve (1879–1948) bzw. Frederick Philip Grove, wie er sich in Nordamerika nannte, war einer der produktivsten deutschen Übersetzer der ersten Dekade des 20. Jahrhunderts. Innerhalb von acht Jahren übertrug er rund siebzig Werke unter anderem von Balzac, Browning, Flaubert, Gide, H.G. Wells und Oscar Wilde ins Deutsche. Daneben war er als Schriftsteller und Herausgeber tätig.
Radiative transition of an excited baryon to a nucleon with emission of a virtual massive photon converting to dielectron pair (Dalitz decays) provides important information about baryon-photon coupling at low q2 in timelike region. A prominent enhancement in the respective electromagnetic transition Form Factors (etFF) at q2 near vector mesons ρ/ω poles has been predicted by various calculations reflecting strong baryon-vector meson couplings. The understanding of these couplings is also of primary importance for the interpretation of the emissivity of QCD matter studied in heavy ion collisions via dilepton emission. Dedicated measurements of baryon Dalitz decays in proton-proton and pion-proton scattering with HADES detector at GSI/FAIR are presented and discussed. The relevance of these studies for the interpretation of results obtained from heavy ion reactions is elucidated on the example of the HADES results.
We present data on charged kaons (K±) and ϕ mesons in Au(1.23A GeV)+Au collisions. It is the first simultaneous measurement of K− and ϕ mesons in central heavy-ion collisions below a kinetic beam energy of 10A GeV. The ϕ/K− multiplicity ratio is found to be surprisingly high with a value of 0.52±0.16 and shows no dependence on the centrality of the collision. Consequently, the different slopes of the K+ and K− transverse-mass spectra can be explained solely by feed-down, which substantially softens the spectra of K− mesons. Hence, in contrast to the commonly adapted argumentation in literature, the different slopes do not necessarily imply diverging freeze-out temperatures of K+ and K− mesons caused by different couplings to baryons.
In this letter we report the first multi-differential measurement of correlated pion-proton pairs from 2 billion Au+Au collisions at sNN=2.42 GeV collected with HADES. In this energy regime the population of Δ(1232) resonances plays an important role in the way energy is distributed between intrinsic excitation energy and kinetic energy of the hadrons in the fireball. The triple differential d3N/dMπ±pdpTdy distributions of correlated π±p pairs have been determined by subtracting the πp combinatorial background using an iterative method. The invariant-mass distributions in the Δ(1232) mass region show strong deviations from a Breit-Wigner function with vacuum width and mass. The yield of correlated pion-proton pairs exhibits a complex isospin, rapidity and transverse-momentum dependence. In the invariant mass range 1.1<Minv(GeV/c2)<1.4, the yield is found to be similar for π+p and π−p pairs, and to follow a power law 〈Apart〉α, where 〈Apart〉 is the mean number of participating nucleons. The exponent α depends strongly on the pair transverse momentum (pT) while its pT-integrated and charge-averaged value is α=1.5±0.08st±0.2sy.
Eine ausführliche Übersicht der Literatur von und über Franz Blei hat Hartmut Walravens zusammengestellt (s. die Rubrik "Sekundärliteratur"). Der Fokus der vorliegenden Bibliografie liegt auf Übersetzungen (in Buchform und in Periodika bzw. Sammelwerken) sowie neuerer Sekundärliteratur zum übersetzerischen Werk Bleis. Die Rubrik "Übersetzungen in Buchform" verzeichnet auch einige posthum erschienene Übersetzungen. In den zahlreichen von Blei herausgegebenen Zeitschriften ("Insel", "Hyperion", "Freistatt", "Opale", "Der lose Vorhang", "Die Rettung", "Summa") erscheinen häufig Texte ausländischer Autorinnen und Autoren, ohne dass ein Übersetzer oder eine Übersetzerin genannt ist. Vermutlich übersetzte Blei also noch deutlich mehr als die in der Rubrik "Übersetzungen in Zeitschriften und Anthologien" genannten Texte. Die Rubrik "Originalwerke" verzeichnet Bleis selbständige sowie ausgewählte unselbständige Publikationen. Nicht aufgeführt sind die sehr zahlreichen Werke, die Blei für die zum Teil von ihm herausgegebenen Zeitschriften verfasste. Was seine ähnlich zahlreichen Vor- und Nachworte angeht, so sind nur diejenigen aufgeführt, die mit Übersetzungen in Verbindung stehen.