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Die Wandreliefs aus dem Nordwest-Palast Aššurnasirpals II. (883-859 v. Chr.) in Nimrud zählen zu den forschungsgeschichtlich frühesten und bedeutendsten Funden des Alten Orients. Sie befinden sich heutzutage in zahlreichen Sammlungen weltweit und bieten durch ihre Darstellungen einen tiefgreifenden Einblick in die assyrische Kultur. Insbesondere Kontext und Position der Reliefs bieten Hinweise zur Bedeutung der dort angebrachten Figuren. Zwar ist eine ‚Schutzfunktion‘ vergleichbarer Repräsentationen textlich bezeugt – jedoch bisher nur unter Vorbehalt auf die Reliefdarstellungen zu übertragen. An dieser Stelle kann die Systematisierung ikonographischer Details in Abhängigkeit von ihrem Anbringungsort konzeptionelle Aspekte erkennbar machen.
Durch eine relationale Datenbank und dreidimensionale Visualisierungstechniken wird geprüft, ob die stilistische Variationsbreite ikonographischer Details eine potentielle Systematik aufweist; ebenso, bis zu welchem Grad die jeweilige Form eines bestimmten Zeichnungsdetails einem intentionalen Anbringungskonzept entspricht. Als Teil dieser Vorgehensweise fungiert die in diesem Zusammenhang generierte 3D-Rekonstruktion als methodisch unterstützende Maßnahme. Sie ermöglicht sowohl eine moderne Zusammenführung ehemals benachbarter Reliefplatten unabhängig ihres gegenwärtigen Aufbewahrungsortes als auch die Wiederherstellung heute kaum noch sichtbarer Gewandverzierungen und Pigmentreste.
Anhand der Ergebnisse wird deutlich, dass eine Systematisierung der Reliefdetails mittels 3D-Modell einen erweiterten Erkenntnisfortschritt impliziert und – nicht zuletzt aufgrund der zurückliegenden Zerstörungen der Palastruine und der damit verbundenen unwiederbringlichen Verluste – auch weitere Untersuchungen unterstützen können.
A measurement of beauty hadron production at mid-rapidity in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV is presented. The semi-inclusive decay channel of beauty hadrons into J/ψ is considered, where the J/ψ mesons are reconstructed in the dielectron decay channel at mid-rapidity down to transverse momenta of 1.3 GeV/c. The bb¯¯¯ production cross section at mid-rapidity, dσbb¯¯¯/dy, and the total cross section extrapolated over full phase space, σbb¯¯¯, are obtained. This measurement is combined with results on inclusive J/ψ production to determine the prompt J/ψ cross sections. The results in p-Pb collisions are then scaled to expectations from pp collisions at the same centre-of-mass energy to derive the nuclear modification factor RpPb, and compared to models to study possible nuclear modifications of the production induced by cold nuclear matter effects. RpPb is found to be smaller than unity at low pT for both J/ψ coming from beauty hadron decays and prompt J/ψ.
The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system is a non-viral gene delivery platform that combines simplicity, inexpensive manufacture, and favorable safety features in the context of human applications. However, efficient correction of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with non-viral vector systems, including SB, demands further refinement of gene delivery techniques. We set out to improve SB gene transfer into hard-to-transfect human CD34+ cells by vectorizing the SB system components in the form of minicircles that are devoid of plasmid backbone sequences and are, therefore, significantly reduced in size. As compared to conventional plasmids, delivery of the SB transposon system as minicircle DNA is ∼20 times more efficient, and it is associated with up to a 50% reduction in cellular toxicity in human CD34+ cells. Moreover, providing the SB transposase in the form of synthetic mRNA enabled us to further increase the efficacy and biosafety of stable gene delivery into hematopoietic progenitors ex vivo. Genome-wide insertion site profiling revealed a close-to-random distribution of SB transposon integrants, which is characteristically different from gammaretroviral and lentiviral integrations in HSPCs. Transplantation of gene-marked CD34+ cells in immunodeficient mice resulted in long-term engraftment and hematopoietic reconstitution, which was most efficient when the SB transposase was supplied as mRNA and nucleofected cells were maintained for 4–8 days in culture before transplantation. Collectively, implementation of minicircle and mRNA technologies allowed us to further refine the SB transposon system in the context of HSPC gene delivery to ultimately meet clinical demands of an efficient and safe non-viral gene therapy protocol.
Background: Dialectical behaviour therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (DBT-PTSD), which is tailored to treat adults with PTSD and co-occurring emotion regulation difficulties, has already demonstrated its efficacy, acceptance and safety in an inpatient treatment setting. It combines elements of DBT with trauma-focused cognitive behavioural interventions.
Objective: To investigate the feasibility, acceptance and safety of DBT-PTSD in an outpatient treatment setting by therapists who were novice to the treatment, we treated 21 female patients suffering from PTSD following childhood sexual abuse (CSA) plus difficulties in emotion regulation in an uncontrolled clinical trial.
Method: The Clinician Administered PTSD Symptom Scale (CAPS), the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), the Borderline Section of the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE) and the Borderline Symptom List (BSL-23) were used as primary outcomes. For secondary outcomes, depression and dissociation were assessed. Assessments were administered at pretreatment, post-treatment and six-week follow-up.
Results: Improvement was significant for PTSD as well as for borderline personality symptomatology, with large pretreatment to follow-up effect sizes for completers based on the CAPS (Cohens d = 1.30), DTS (d = 1.50), IPDE (d = 1.60) and BSL-23 (d = 1.20).
Conclusion: The outcome suggests that outpatient DBT-PTSD can safely be used to reduce PTSD symptoms and comorbid psychopathology in adults who have experienced CSA.