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Nicht jeder Innenraum ist ein Interieur. Das Interieur ist ein unter spezifischen historischen, gesellschaftlichen und kulturpoetischen Bedingungen entstandenes komplexes Gebilde. Es lässt sich durch die Bündelung von drei Aspekten rekonstruieren: 1. einer Kultur- und Komfortgeschichte de Wohnens; 2. einer Beschreibung des Widerspiels von Draußen und Drinnen und 3. der interieurspezifischen Bestimmung einer Raumästhetik, bestehend aus einer Poetik der Atmosphäre und der Dinge und konstituiert aus Erwartung, Erinnerung und Koketterie.
It can hardly be disputed that the theme of popularity is central to the Enlightenment. Popularity is the sociality equivalent to the individual appeal: 'Dare to know.' Parallel to this runs the following imperative: 'Dare to encourage your neighbour and your fellow man and woman to think on their own – even though they do not belong to the erudite elite.' It is also undeniable that Romantic authors and philosophers polemically attempted to tear down the popularity project of the Enlightenment, their main criticism being its tendency towards mediocrity. It is less well known that Romantic authors and philosophers themselves, around the turn of the nineteenth century, made popularity their central concern. To quote Friedrich Schlegel in the journal Athenaeum: 'The time of popularity has come.' This article explores the Romantics' alternative conception of popularity, with especial reference to Johann Gottlieb Fichte and the Grimm Brothers. To this end, it is helpful to reconstruct the background of the Romantic attempt to create an independent concept of popularity: the debate between Immanuel Kant and the German popular philosopher Christian Garve on the necessity, possibilities, and limits of popularity.
In the Brukenthal Museum in Sibiu the surviving pieces of the late Gothic altar retable from Großprobstdorf (Târnava) are preserved and partly exhibited. The two outer wing pieces of this retable show some remarkable features. The one depicting a scene of the martyrdom of Saint Sebastian is part of one of the most prominent traditions of medieval and post-medieval hagiography; this saint and depictions of him also play an important role in sacral art that forms a reaction on the Plague. The second retable depicts the nowadays less known motif of the martyrdom of Saint Achatius. It will be shown, that both retables can be connected to a contemporary outbreak of the Plague in Transilvania, and that it seems very probable that this ensemble forms a direct reaction and response to this outbreak of the Plague. Evidence is brought here in the form of contemporary pamphlets which make use of exactly the same ensemble of Sebastian and Achatius. In the second part of this contribution, the case of the “crypto-portraits” of Vlad the Impaler and the depiction belonging to this group on the Sebastian-retable of Großprobstdorf will be discussed and brought into context. An answer to the question whether we see a depiction of Vlad on this and the other crypto-portraits will be attempted.
The Romanian folk poetry, especially the Romanian folk ballad raised the interest of German translators in the 19th century, who proved the size of their talent by translating the ballads in German and by popularizing them among the German readers in the country and abroad. The paper focuses on aspects of translation motifs of five German authors (W. von Kotzebue, C.F.W. Rudow, A. Franken, A. Forstenheim, Carmen Sylva) taking into account their life experiences, professional commitments and friendship for the Romanians. The study aims to highlight the principles and difficulties of translation as a result of the authors’ wish to translate the original text as accurately as possible and as close as possible to the spirit of the Romanian folk poetry.
The present article focuses on the organization of the “Transylvania” Summer Academy in Sibiu, which aims to stimulate, on the one hand, the promotion of German culture from Romania and Southeastern Europe, one the other hand, keeping the cultural exchanges alive. Apart from presenting a synopsis of German literature in Romania, from its origins up to the present, the article also highlights the perspectives of promoting German culture from Romania through national institutions or institutions in Germany.
The Banat Swabians represent in the years 1867-1918 one of the most exciting parts of regional history, and we tried to contribute to a more detailed knowledge of the multicultural and cross-cultural and multi-confessional physiognomy of the region Banat. Our research intends to provide more information on the past of this cultural-linguistic and confessional group. Its presence from the eighteenth century in the region between Mures, Tisa and the Danube is correlated with the Habsburg policy of modernization and with the ethnonational identities structured in the romantic era.
The study seeks to enrich the history of regional history through a so-called marginal component, which has always played a key role in defining the specifics of a region as the Banat. We focused on the Austro-Hungarian period, highlighting the relevant passages in the life of this important community, namely, its social expression, economic and cultural development. Throughout the paper, our intention was to highlight the active participation of the Swabians at the modernization process. We chose the years 1867-1918 – those that coincide with the existence of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy – because at that time, the Banat Swabians had a spectacular economic development and an ambivalent cultural creation, between German and Hungarian.
The archives in Sibiu hold a large number of German documents of the town council with a great historical and cultural significance for the Romanian reading public. This is the reason why the selective translation of these records is more than welcome. This study deals with the difficulties encountered in the act of translation of some civil, administrative and criminal lawrecords of the town council in Sibiu between 1556 and 1705. The analyzed corpus consists of 20 texts from different periods translated into Romanian by the authors of this study. The registered difficulties are engendered on one side by the language particularities – old or worn out idioms, judicial language, dialectal influences, Latin words and phrases, an intricate structure of the sentences, the defective punctuation, abbreviations and graphic peculiarities of the actuary – and on the other side by the historical and cultural background of Transylvania in those times.
By focusing human factors by the phraseological nomination, it becomes possible to expose obvious cases as reflections of everyday collective observations, experiences and evaluations considering a certain behavior or action. The subject of this investigation is differently molded phraseological units that permit to be listed under the hypernym ‘THE END OF LIFE BY HUMAN BEINGS’. The execution follows up the role of the linguistic image by the constitution of a slice of reality and gives representative examples of the metaphorization of the concept ‚DECEASE‘ in German, Romanian and Swedish. Productive source domains for the conceptualization of this notion will be considered; this due to the insight that conceptual spheres give keys to thought models, values and ideals anchored in the language.
With the ratification of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (ECRM) the Romanian state guarantees all members of national minorities the right to preserve, develop and express their ethnic, cultural, linguistic and religious identity.
The charter offers a catalogue of more than 100 activities; at least 35 should be chosen and put into practice by the member states, as is stated in the Declaration of Commitment.
The article analyses, using the example of “education”, which activities Romania has chosen in its first report on the implementation of ECRM (2010) and how the international commission of experts evaluate the application of the Charter in Romania in their inspection report (2012).
The lively debate about the biblical topics and motifs in search for words and „unwords” represents the subject of the present study, which treats the poetry of two authors: Nelly Sachs and Nichita Stănescu. Jacob’s Wrestling with the Angel (chapter 32 of Genesis) turns out to be, for the two poets, a motive, which describes their own writing, a wrestling with the insufficiency and commonplaceness of language, a wrestling for the word, because poetry is doubtless creation, but first of all mystical revelation.