BDSL-Klassifikation: 03.00.00 Literaturwissenschaft > 03.06.00 Literaturtheorie
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Der Band Grundfragen der Literaturwissenschaft. Theorien, Methoden, Tendenzen. Teil I. von Roman Mikuláš und Andrea Mikulášová ist ein Einführungswerk in die Literaturwissenschaft, wie sie sich in den deutschsprachigen Ländern entwickelte. Auf dem deutschen Buchmarkt gibt es schon mehrere ähnliche Publikationen, die eine Einführung in die Literaturwissenschaft zu vermitteln versuchen. Der Band von Roman Mikuláš und Andrea Mikulášová unterscheidet sich jedoch in mehreren Punkten. Die Betonung auf germanistische Literaturwissenschaft stellt eine Eingrenzung dar, die sich als sehr interessant erweist. Die einzelnen Philologien entwickeln freilich ihre eigenen theoretischen Ansätze. Sie rezipieren auch theoretische Zugänge aus anderen Philologien oder Disziplinen unterschiedlich. Diese Tatsache wird in den meisten Einführungen in die Literaturwissenschaft nicht genügend berücksichtigt (inklusive der den einzelnen Philologien gewidmeten). Der vorliegende Band erfasst gerade diese Besonderheiten der germanistischen Literaturwissenschaft auf empfindsame Art und Weise.
There has been a great deal of uproar about Darwinian approaches in literary scholarship. Statements range from enthusiastic prophecies of a new paradigm for literary studies to acrimonious scoldings of reductionism. Believing that the major challenge is first to find good questions to which evolutionary psychology might provide us with good answers, I outline and critically assess different veins of argumentation as revealed in recent contributions to the field. As an alternative to some simplistic mimeticism in present Literary Darwinism, I put forward the idea of evolutionary psychology as a heuristic theory that serves to resolve defined problems in interpretation and literary theory.
Este texto tem por objetivo recontextualizar uma das teorias literárias mais produtivas surgidas na segunda metade do século XX, na medida em que ela interagiu com conceitos filosóficos amadurecidos na mesma época. Em particular, pretendemos discutir o modo como a Estética da Recepção, desenvolvida ao longo dos anos 1960 e 1970, na Universidade de Konstanz, pôde e ainda pode proporcionar iluminações à literatura quando associada aos estudos de Jürgen Habermas junto à Escola de Frankfurt, também ao longo daquelas décadas e das seguintes.
Is there something like a 'scientific' approach to the reading or interpretation of literary texts as is suggested by the German term 'Literaturwissenschaft'? This essay argues that genuinely scientific criteria such as the intersubjective verifiability of a given reading do not apply to the reading of literary texts. The reason is that such texts enable a quasi infinite range of different readings the preconceptions of which are contingent upon the individual readers, their previous experiences, literary as well as non-literary, and their expectations. — What, then, are the tasks of a scholarly reading of literary texts? Firstly, the theoretical reflection upon the status of such texts in comparison to pragmatic texts; secondly, the attempt at reconstructing their historical context (in terms of discursive history), and thirdly, a reading with regard to present-day problems. The 'quality' of a scholarly reading of a literary text would thus be dependent not on its 'objectivity', but rather on its capacity to produce resonances amongst other present-day readers, scholarly and non-scholarly.
This paper examines the well-known practice of developing a conceptual frame-work for reading works of literature in such a way as to illuminate previously ignored aspects of those works. It investigates the nature or genre of such discoveries: Are they philological? Hermeneutic? Do they correspond to the discipline of the framework selected? This problem is considered in the case of an example of the deployment of a very specific philosophical framework, namely the problem of skepticism as glossed by the American philosopher Stanley Cavell. This framework brings to light a structural affinity between two seemingly disparate moments in the history of German lyric poetry: the Biedermeier period and the works of Konkrete Dichtung from the mid-twentieth century. The paper postulates this affinity as an exam-ple of the kind of “discovery” whose type, usefulness, or even existence as discovery might be called into question and perhaps not, ultimately, agreed on.