BDSL-Klassifikation: 03.00.00 Literaturwissenschaft > 03.06.00 Literaturtheorie
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Die Verbindung von Chaostheorie und Literaturwissenschaft mag für "Nicht-Eingeweihte" eine unverständliche Vereinigung zweier unverwandter Wissensbereiche oder höchstens ein Kuriosum sein. Für die an diesem Thema Interessierten handelt es sich aber um eine fast zwanzigjährige Debatte, die ihren Ausgang mit dem Buch Chaos Bound. Orderly Disorder in Contemporary Literature and Science (1990) von N. Katherine Hayles nimmt. Während dieser Zeit gab es Stimmen für und gegen Übernahme und Nutzung dieser Theorie in der Literaturwissenschaft. Der Band Chaosforschung in der Literaturwissenschaft, herausgegeben von Roman Mikuláš und Karin Wozonig, setzt sich zum Ziel, die Fruchtbarkeit der Chaosforschung in der Literaturwissenschaft kritisch zu überprüfen. Hier sind Beiträge einer Konferenz versammelt, die im Januar 2009 in Bratislava stattgefunden und Vertreter(innen) mehrerer Philologien, der vergleichenden Literaturwissenschaft und der Wissenschaftstheorie aus Deutschland, Österreich und der Slowakei zusammengebracht hat. Unter den Konferenzteilnehmer(inne)n und zugleich Beiträger(inne)n zu dem Band befinden sich einige Wissenschaftler(innen), die für deutschsprachige Diskussion über die chaostheoretisch orientierte Literaturwissenschaft wortführend geworden sind.
Herder's concept of a national literature [...] serves as a differential category formulated in opposition to the concepts generated by universalistic rationalism and the Classicist aesthetics which is based on it, this being an aesthetics which is incapable of accommodating cultural difference. Thus Herder's concept is to be read – primarily as one looking for ways of conceiving cultural difference syncronically as well as diachronically.
The aim of this introductory article [to the volume of the same title], firstly, is to recapitulate the basic principles of Bakhtin’s initial theory as formulated in “Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel: Notes toward a Historical Poetics” (henceforth FTC) and “The Bildungsroman and its Significance in the History of Realism (Toward a Historic Typology of the Novel)” (henceforth BSHR). Subsequently, we present some relevant elaborations of Bakhtin’s initial concept and a number of applications of chronotopic analysis, closing our state of the art by outlining two perspectives for further investigation. Some of the issues which we touch upon receive more detailed treatment in other contributions to this volume. Others may offer perspectives for future Bakhtin scholarship.
This edited volume is the first scholarly tome exclusively dedicated to Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of the literary chronotope. This concept, initially developed in the 1930s and used as a frame of reference throughout Bakhtin’s own writings, has been highly influential in literary studies. After an extensive introduction that serves as a ‘state of the art’, the volume is divided into four main parts: Philosophical Reflections, Relevance of the Chronotope for Literary History, Chronotopical Readings and Some Perspectives for Literary Theory. These thematic categories contain contributions by well-established Bakhtin specialists such as Gary Saul Morson and Michael Holquist, as well as a number of essays by scholars who have published on this subject before. Together the papers in this volume explore the implications of Bakhtin’s concept of the chronotope for a variety of theoretical topics such as literary imagination, polysystem theory and literary adaptation; for modern views on literary history ranging from the hellenistic romance to nineteenth-century realism; and for analyses of well-known novelists and poets as diverse as Milton, Fielding, Dickinson, Dostoevsky, Papadiamandis and DeLillo