Linguistik-Klassifikation
Refine
Document Type
- Part of a Book (9)
- Article (8)
- Review (3)
- Conference Proceeding (1)
Has Fulltext
- yes (21)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (21)
Keywords
- Deutsch (21) (remove)
Institute
- Extern (1)
The article focuses on two objectives. First it addresses current trends in the lexical development of the German language. This investigation is based on changes within the section Fernsehabend to Fernsehzuschauerin in the "Duden – Deutsches Universalwörterbuch" between 1996 and 2011. Secondly, on the basis of the given section, the article examines to what extent this dictionary reflects current vocabulary.
The article characterizes the stylistic tendencies found in academic economic texts with a high degree of abstraction presenting economic theory from the end of the 18th century to the present day. At the centre of the author's attention are changes that are visible on the microstructural level of the text. In this connection, the author also describes quantitative methods that can be used in the diachronic analysis of academic texts.
Příspěvek zkoumá roli emocí v konstrukcích identity, jak je nacházíme okolo roku 1900 v německém a ĉeském tisku ze Znojma, města s německy i s ĉesky mluvícím obyvatelstvem. Po analýze konstrukcí identity v básni vyjadřující protest proti Badeniho jazykovým nařízením z roku 1897 je pozornost věnována konstrukcím identity také v dalších textech. Konstrukce identity v německých a ĉeských periodikách v mnohém korespondovaly a byly jednou z dŧleţitých strategií nacionalistické propagandy. Jako její základní sémantickou jednotku – propagém – je v německých i ĉeských novinách moţno identifikovat existenciální ohroţení vlastního národa. K internalizaci konstrukcí identity a k úspěšné cirkulaci propagandy významnou měrou přispělo právě zapojení emocionality do těchto konstrukcí.
Článek pojednává o zlomku lékařského receptu z 15. stoletì, který je v současné době uchováván pod signaturou I E a 16 v Oddělenì rukopisů a starých tisků Knihovny Národnìho muzea v Praze, a zabývá se dìlčìmi aspekty textové analýzy v oblasti grafematiky, fonetiky, morfologie, syntaxe a slovnì zásoby.
Glottal marking of vowel-initial German words by glottalization and glottal stop insertion were investigated in dependence on speech rate, word type (content vs. function words), word accent, phrasal position and the following vowel. The analysed material consisted of speeches of Konrad Adenauer, Thomas Mann and Richard von Weizsäcker. The investigation shows that not only the left boundary of accented syllables (including phrasal stress boundary) and lexical words favour glottal stops/glottalization, but also that the segmental level appears to have a strong impact on these insertion processes. Specifically, the results show that low vowels in contrast to non-low ones favour glottal stops/glottalization even before non-accented syllables and functional words.
The paper investigates the origins of the German/Dutch particle toch/doch) in the hope of shedding light on a puzzle with respect to doch/toch and to shed some light on two theoretical issues. The puzzle is the nearly opposite meaning of the stressed and unstressed versions of the particle which cannot be accounted for in standard theories of the meaning of stress. One theoretical issue concerns the meaning of stress: whether it is possible to reduce the semantic contribution of a stressed item to the meaning of the item and the meaning of stress. The second issue is whether the complex use of a particle like doch/toch can be seen as an instance of spread or whether it has to be seen as having a core meaning which is differentiated by pragmatics operating in different contexts.
We use the etymology of doch and doch as to+u+h (that+ question marker+ emphatic marker) to argue for an origin as a question tag checking a hearer opinion. Stress on the tag indicates an opposite opinion (of the common ground or the speaker) and this sets apart two groups of uses spreading in different directions. This solves the puzzle, indicates that the assumption of spread is useful and offers a subtle correction of the interpretation of stress. While stress always means contrast with a contrasting item, if the particle use is due to spread, it is not guaranteed that the unstressed particle has a corresponding use (or inversely).
Das Partizip 1 im Deutschen
(2000)
It is controversial in the literature whether the First Participle in German ('Present Participle'; henceforth: Part I) is an adjective or a verbal form. Syntactically, it occurs exclusively in adjectival positions but it does not behave like an adjective in other respects. This paper provides an analysis of Part I starting from a diachronic perspective and arriving at a synchronic interpretation of its position in the field of 'finite verb + nonfinite verb constructions' in New High German. Against such positions as Paul's (1920), which regard Part I as an adjective only, it will be argued that, for an adequate description of its structural properties, its verbal character must be taken into account both diachronically and synchronically. It will be shown that Part I fits into and completes a paradigmatic structure together with other nonfinite verbal forms.
"Werden" plays an important role in German, especially as a copula and as an auxiliary verb. It constitutes the analytic (periphrastic) part of the verbal paradigm being used as an auxiliary by encoding the categories of Tense (Future), Mood (Conditional), and Diathesis (Passive).
The original meaning of PIE *uuerth- includes two basic readings – a terminative and an aterminative. Both of them have been used in the process of grammaticalisation of werden in constructions with participles and the infinitive. The terminative reading based on the feature "Change of a State" was originally the categorical marker of "werden" within the opposition "sein" vs. "werden", where "sein" indicated the meaning of "State". As a result of the further development which started in the later OHG period, the aterminative reading of "werden" in constructions with the Participle II mixed with the terminative one by establishing the Passive-Paradigm. This evolution forced "sein"+ Part. II into the periphery of the Diathesis where in NHG it is marked as a resultative (terminative) construction. On the other hand, werden + Participle I (later with Infinitive) did not establish aterminative readings due to the peculiarities of the semantics of the Participle I – form. In connection with the Infinitive the terminativity of werden developed in the process of its auxiliarisation to the prospective I prognostic reading in the future-tense perspective and to the epistemic reading in the perspective of the present tense. In the perspective of the past tense (cf. MHG "ward varen" {became ride}, "was ridden") it disappeared because in this perspective prospective or prognostic readings are impossible.
Alle zwei Jahre halten die Mitglieder des Germanistenverbandes der Tschechischen Republik eine Konferenz ab. Auf der Tagung, die vom 17. bis 18. Mai 2012 an der Philosophischen Fakultät der Palacký-Universität in Olomouc – im Kunstzentrum im Alten Konvikt – stattfand, wurden Vorträge unter dem Motto "Deutsch als Sprache der (Geistes)Wissenschaften" präsentiert, die zeigen, dass die deutsche Sprache als Sprache der Geisteswissenschaften in Mitteleuropa immer noch sehr wichtig ist. Der vorliegende Tagungsband, der zwölf Vorträge beinhaltet, die in der linguistischen Sektion der Tagung des Germanistenverbandes präsentiert wurden, möchte diese Schlussfolgerung unterstützen.