Linguistik-Klassifikation
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In diesem Arbeitspapier möchte ich versuchen, zwei wesentliche Ergebnisse des Sprachkontakts zwischen Englisch und Yoruba in Nigeria zu beschreiben. Erstens sollen die daraus resultierenden Codes, die der gesamtgesellschaftlichen Kommunikation in verschiedenen sozialen Domänen dienen, dargestellt und illustriert werden. Zweitens soll an Hand eines Vergleichs zwischen Entlehnungsvorgängen in anderen Sprachen (hauptsächlich indoeuropäischen) und in der Yoruba-Sprache ein Modell für die Klassifizierung des lexikalischen Lehnguts vorgestellt werden.
Using Ultan's theory of descriptivity grading as a starting point, I will attempt to capture this differential utility in terms of [...] criteria of literalness, explicitness and syntactic complexity. I will first briefly present his System and investigate some generalizations which he has proposed on the basis of his study of body part terminologies in numerous languages. I will apply his theory to nouns in this and four other semantic domains, in three North American Indian languages. I will test his generalizations and propose some new ones. I will then present an alternative system of descriptivity grading and compare the results of its application with those of Ultan's system. In the final section I will suggest another methodology for quantification. An appendix at the end of the paper lists all of the descriptive lexical items mentioned, graded according to both systems.