570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
Refine
Year of publication
- 2021 (378)
- 2020 (268)
- 2022 (260)
- 2017 (181)
- 2023 (173)
- 2018 (165)
- 2016 (157)
- 2019 (138)
- 2012 (137)
- 2010 (132)
- 2013 (130)
- 2009 (114)
- 2014 (111)
- 2015 (106)
- 2011 (100)
- 2008 (94)
- 2007 (73)
- 2024 (73)
- 2006 (70)
- 2005 (46)
- 2004 (38)
- 2003 (37)
- 2002 (22)
- 2001 (16)
- 1998 (14)
- 2000 (12)
- 1999 (9)
- 1981 (8)
- 1975 (7)
- 1990 (7)
- 1976 (6)
- 1977 (6)
- 1985 (6)
- 1971 (5)
- 1974 (5)
- 1984 (5)
- 1996 (5)
- 1980 (4)
- 1982 (3)
- 1989 (3)
- 1994 (3)
- 1995 (3)
- 1898 (2)
- 1901 (2)
- 1909 (2)
- 1920 (2)
- 1924 (2)
- 1957 (2)
- 1969 (2)
- 1970 (2)
- 1972 (2)
- 1979 (2)
- 1983 (2)
- 1986 (2)
- 1992 (2)
- 1993 (2)
- 1997 (2)
- 1597 (1)
- 1842 (1)
- 1843 (1)
- 1856 (1)
- 1859 (1)
- 1860 (1)
- 1875 (1)
- 1876 (1)
- 1881 (1)
- 1883 (1)
- 1897 (1)
- 1900 (1)
- 1903 (1)
- 1908 (1)
- 1910 (1)
- 1914 (1)
- 1918 (1)
- 1923 (1)
- 1927 (1)
- 1928 (1)
- 1933 (1)
- 1934 (1)
- 1937 (1)
- 1940 (1)
- 1945 (1)
- 1946 (1)
- 1959 (1)
- 1960 (1)
- 1961 (1)
- 1962 (1)
- 1963 (1)
- 1966 (1)
- 1967 (1)
- 1973 (1)
- 1978 (1)
- 1987 (1)
- 1991 (1)
Document Type
- Article (2110)
- Doctoral Thesis (740)
- Preprint (225)
- Part of Periodical (78)
- Book (16)
- Conference Proceeding (12)
- Part of a Book (10)
- Periodical (3)
- Report (2)
- Working Paper (2)
Language
- English (3200) (remove)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (3200)
Keywords
- RNA (21)
- aging (20)
- SARS-CoV-2 (19)
- inflammation (18)
- taxonomy (18)
- Biochemistry (16)
- Podospora anserina (16)
- mitochondria (16)
- Biodiversity (15)
- Cell biology (15)
Institute
- Biowissenschaften (1235)
- Biochemie und Chemie (550)
- Medizin (455)
- Biochemie, Chemie und Pharmazie (349)
- Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität (176)
- Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft (163)
- Biodiversität und Klima Forschungszentrum (BiK-F) (123)
- Exzellenzcluster Makromolekulare Komplexe (116)
- MPI für Biophysik (106)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (94)
The habitat requirements of most Aradidae and the decisive factors that influence their occurrence are still poorly understood. To reduce this lack of knowledge a standardised survey of Aradidae in two large beech forest areas of Bavaria (northern Steigerwald and High Spessart) was conducted. The following hypotheses were tested: 1) With increasing habitat tradition (temporal continuity), population densities of Aradidae increase, 2) Increasing dead wood supply supports higher abundance of Aradidae, 3) There are key structures for particular species with respect to type of dead wood, diameter and exposure to sunlight, and 4) The occurrence of particular fungi species determines the occurrence of Aradidae. In our study, Aradidae were sampled in point sample plots by flight-interception traps and time-standardised hand collection. To analyse specific habitat requirements additional sampling was performed to increase the sample size. Four species of Aradidae were observed in the two forest areas: Aneurus avenius, Aradus betulae, A. conspicuus and A. depressus. The results demonstrate that all species have different and specific habitat requirements. Especially for A. betulae habitat tradition of standing dead wood of large dimensions infested by Fomes fomentarius seems to be crucial. Hence, A. betulae was only observed in the Spessart and only at the sites with habitat tradition.
A floristic description is presented of the study sites of the Research Training Group “The role of biodi-versity for biogeochemical cycles and biotic interactions in temperate deciduous forests”. To investi-gate different aspects of plant biodiversity in Hainich National Park (Thuringia), deciduous forest stands with low, medium and high canopy tree species diversity were compared. The results of species richness and forest communities show that the research sites are characterised by a typical central European forest flora. Greater vascular plant species richness occurs with higher diversity of tree species. Six of altogether twelve research sites are assigned to the beech forest alliance (Galioodorati-Fagion), the second half belongs to the oak-hornbeam forest alliance (Carpinionbetuli). Suballiances within the Galioodorati-Fagion in the study area include the Galio-Fagetum and the Hordelymo-Fagetum. All Carpinionbetuli relevées are assigned to the suballiance Stellario-Carpinetum.
The larval stages of Cameraria ohridella develop mining in leaves of the horse chestnut tree Aesculus hippocastanum. The insect establishes three generations in Central Europe. During the appearance of the first generation the horse chestnut trees bloom. Further on, parallel to the flying time of all generations other plant species bloom. The olfactory detection of flower odour compounds and the influence on oviposition of C. ohridella were examined using trace analytical and electrophysiological methods as well as bioassays.
The leaf beetle Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), (D.v.v.), also called the western corn rootworm, is endemic to the New World and ranks among the top ten insect pests in worldwide grain production. D.v.v. causes annual damages of 1 billion US Dollars and is a notoriously difficult insect pest to control and manage, as entomological history of the past 50 years amply demonstrates (METCALF 1986). Considering recent emphasis on environmentally compatible and sustainable management strategies, entomologists and practitioners are encouraged to pay increased attention to novel approaches such as biotechnial methods which today are characterized by preferential use of signal compounds. Fortunately, both insect and plants provide a wide variety of such natural resources. In the case of D.v.v., sex pheromonesand plant kairomones as specific attractants and management tools are relatively well investigated through numerous contributions by GUSS et al. (1982), METCALF & METCALF (1992), METCALF (1994) and many recent publications on the advance and spread of D.v.v. within Europe (BERGER 1995-2004, HUMMEL 2003). Principle of MSD method: In this paper, the plant kairomone 4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (MCA), a specific attractant for D.v.v., is being used as a tool within the newly proposed "MSD" strategy. It combines a two pronge approach consisting as the well known mass trapping with the novel shielding and deflecting, called in short "diversion" and introduced here for the first time. An invisible “curtain” or “fence” of MCA vapor released from a MCA trap line establishes a behavioral barrier which the flying beetles cannot easily pass without being 1. either caught in one of the high capacity traps or 2. being diverted elsewhere. The net effect is a significant reduction in adult population density and oviposition within the MCA treated field as compared to an untreated control field. These effects can be experimentally measured by 1. adult beetle counts on maize plants, 2. by counts in independent monitoring traps baited with the D.v.v. sex pheromone, and 3. by egg counts taken in soil samples.
Cockchafers of the genus Melolontha (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) can be severe pests in forestry, agriculture and horticulture. Gradation of the two most important species, the forest cockchafer M. hippocastani FABR. and the European cockchafer M. melolontha L., occurs currently in several parts of central Europe. Orientation behaviour of the adult beetles has been the focus of recent studies (REINECKE et al. 2002 a, b, 2005). However, especially the larvae are dreaded because their belowground damage is not visible directly after feeding. There are a lot of speculations about belowground living insects and their way of living, but until now there were not that many experimental investigations. A rather unknown topic is the orientation behaviour of soil living organisms, which is also subject of some publications (HORBER 1954, HAUSS & SCHÜTTE 1976, HASLER 1986, HIBBARD et al. 1994, JEWETT & BJOSTAD 1996, BERNKLAU & BJOSTAD 1998A, BERNKLAU & BJOSTAD 1998B, BERNKLAU et al. 2005).
The blue pine wood borer (Phaenops cyanea) and the black pine sawyer beetle (Monochamus galloprovincialis) (Fig. 1) both are pests of the white pine (Pinus silvestris) and other Pinus species. Both insects have nearly the same demands regarding their breeding site. Larval development requires a fresh, unwilted inner bark. An infestation occurs on freshly cut trees or on trees suffering from stress (e.g. after dry seasons, loss of needles caused by feeding caterpillars or damage by forest fires). Phaenops cyanea detects susceptible pines by their volatile emissions (SCHÜTZ et al. 2004) and is able to infest the trees already at a low stress level. During feeding the larvae avoid the resin ducts of the tree and thus evade the oleoresin defence. The beetle is endemic in Europe and – under favourable climatic conditions – can cause substantial damage to pine forests. It is the most significant bark-breeding beetle of white pine in the lowlands of north-eastern Germany. Monochamus galloprovincialis is found in Europe and northern Africa. The larvae tend to a more copious feeding which makes them more susceptible to the oleoresin defence of the tree. Thus, M. galloprovincialis prefers trees that are weakened by a higher degree of stress. The economic damage caused by feeding of thebeetle is low. However, the beetle has gained a special attention of forest scientists because of its association with the nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus which is causing the pine wilt disease (PWD) in Pinus. The only outbreak of the PWD within Europe is limited to an area of 258.000 ha in Portugal. (MOTA et al. 1999).