Article
Refine
Document Type
- Article (3) (remove)
Has Fulltext
- yes (3)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (3)
Keywords
- Biographie (3) (remove)
Institute
- Extern (3) (remove)
"The death of the Emperor Frederick Il in 1250 marked a tuming point in German affairs. When in 1212 the young King of Sicily had taken Germany by storm, driving north his Welf rival Otto IV of Brunswick and securing the support of the German princes, it had seemed that a new golden age had begun. Walther von der Vogelweide at last received his "lêhen", and praised his new patron as "der edel künec, der milte künec". ln Aachen a crusade was proclaimed for the liberation of Jerusalem. Comparisons were made with the Emperor's grandfather, Frederick Barbarossa. The house of Hohenstaufen was again in the ascendency. But these high expectations were always unrealistic. Frederick's crusading vows became a thom in his flesh; his enemies held him to them, but obstructed him as he sought to fulfil them. Much of his energy was taken up in a dual struggle against insurgency in his restive Lombard states, and against the bitter invective of the papal propagandists. Although Innocent lll had been the prime sponsor of the young Emperor, Honorius III became alan·ned at the prospect of a union of the crowns of Sicily and the Empire, and Gregory IX and Innocent IV became determined to break the power of the Hohenstaufen dynasty once and for all. The popes did not have it all their own way. For the most part, the German princes remained loyal, pleased to have an emperor who interfered so little in their affairs. Frederick‘s policy of diplomacy and compromise attracted more sympathy than that of the Pope who refused to meet and treat with him. His early death, however, left his son Conrad IV in a weak position from which he was unable to recover, and within twenty years the last Hohenstaufen rulerwas deposed. The impact of these events on the intellectual climate in Germany was immense. After Frederick's death, there was an upsurge in apocalyptic preaching, and much of the literature of the period was diffused with a sense of nostalgia. It is in this light that we must read the account of the life of Frederick II which is offered by the Viennese patrician, Jansen Enike. Enikel‘s Universal Chronicle ('Weltchronik') recounts the history of the world from Adam to Frederick. It was written about 1272, just four years after the death of Conradin, the last of the Staufen line. Enikel was probably born in the 1230s, and his own lifespan exactly coincided with the years of Hohenstaufen decline. His account ol Frederick's life has limited value as history, but casts an interesting sidelight on the confusion of impressions which had gathered in popular lore. In keeping with the rest of his chronicle, it is anecdotal, falling naturally into ten sections of differing lengths, most of which are to some extent self-contained units. Together, these fill over thirteen hundred lines, making Frederick Enikel's most comprehensively treated post-biblical protagonist; only Moses and David are dealt with at greater length."
Filmische Biografien von Musikern gibt es schon seit dem Stummfilm. Aus dem Bereich klassischer Musik haben es Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Liszt und Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart auf die meisten Filme gebracht. Aber auch ihre Kollegen Mahler, Schubert oder Wagner können filmische Darstellungen ihres Lebens vorweisen. Für das Massenmedium Film waren und sind Musikerbiografien als Stoffe für Spielfilme aus zweierlei Gründen interessant: zum einen, wenn es sich dabei um besonders populäre Vertreter handelt, und zum anderen, wenn mit den Musikernamen ein hohes kulturelles Ansehen verbunden ist. Die beiden Pole Entertainment und Hochkultur sind für das Mainstream-Kino, insbesondere für Hollywood, gleichermaßen faszinierend, erfüllen sie doch die unterschiedlichen, aber ebenso wichtigen Funktionen von Massentauglichkeit und kultureller Respektabilität. Für letzteres sind die filmischen Biografien klassischer Komponisten ein Beispiel, für ersteres ebensolche Filme, in deren Mittelpunkt die Walzerkönige und Operettenkaiser wie Johann Strauss Jr. und Franz Lehár stehen. Die filmische Biografie eines bestimmten Musikers hebt nicht nur diesen selbst aus der Masse hervor, sondern auch das musikalische Genre, das er repräsentiert.