Article
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (30512) (remove)
Language
- English (15216)
- German (13289)
- Portuguese (696)
- French (387)
- Croatian (251)
- Spanish (250)
- Italian (133)
- Turkish (113)
- Multiple languages (36)
- Latin (35)
Has Fulltext
- yes (30512)
Keywords
- Deutsch (503)
- taxonomy (421)
- Literatur (297)
- Hofmannsthal, Hugo von (185)
- new species (179)
- Rezeption (178)
- Übersetzung (163)
- Filmmusik (155)
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (131)
- Vormärz (113)
Institute
- Medizin (5127)
- Physik (1728)
- Biowissenschaften (1108)
- Extern (1108)
- Biochemie und Chemie (1099)
- Gesellschaftswissenschaften (798)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (697)
- Geowissenschaften (582)
- Präsidium (453)
- Philosophie (448)
Fragen von Weiterbildungsbeteiligung – und damit Fragen von Inklusion/Exklusion in einem soziologisch-sozialstrukturellen Sinn – spielen in der Erwachsenenbildung seit jeher eine große Rolle. Inklusion unter der Perspektive von geistig-körperlicher Beeinträchtigung ist in der Erwachsenenbildungswissenschaft dagegen ein (noch) randständiges Thema. Erst seit wenigen Jahren beginnen Erwachsenenbildungseinrichtungen wie auch die Erwachsenenbildungswissenschaft, sich verstärkt mit Fragen von Inklusion auf organisationaler, professioneller und didaktischer Ebene zu befassen. Ein großes Desiderat sowohl in der wissenschaftlichen Fokussierung als auch handlungspraktischen Ausgestaltung stellt die Professionalität bzw. Qualifizierung des Personals für eine inklusive Erwachsenenbildung dar, insbesondere unter der Perspektive einer nicht isolierenden, sondern für die Gesamteinrichtung funktionalen Weise.
Der Text vertritt die These, dass gerade in der Erwachsenenbildung Fachlichkeit aus einem komplexen Zusammenspiel von makro-, meso- und mikrodidaktischen Faktoren resultiert. Die komplexe Beziehung zwischen Bedarfsanalyse, Teilnehmendengewinnung und Angebotsrealisierung verlangt in der Erwachsenenbildung eine Fachlichkeit, die in einem kooperativen Miteinander von Leitung, Planung, Kursgestaltung und administrativer Begleitung aufgespannt ist. Inklusive Fachlichkeit muss aus diesem komplexen Miteinander hervorgehen, was für die theoretische Konzeptionalisierung inklusionsorientierter Professionalitätsentwicklung von großer Bedeutung ist.
Im Folgenden wird daher der Versuch unternommen, diese inklusionsorientierte, kooperative Fachlichkeit im Rahmen öffentlicher Weiterbildung und am Beispiel von Blindheit und Sehbehinderung genauer zu bestimmen. Dazu wird zunächst in einer allgemeinen Perspektive inklusive Fachlichkeit als kooperative Gesamtleistung öffentlicher allgemeiner Erwachsenenbildung skizziert, um dann die damit verbundenen Herausforderungen am Beispiel der Adressatengruppe blinder und sehbeeinträchtigter Personen zu verdeutlichen. In dieser Perspektive zeigt sich inklusive Erwachsenenbildung als eine komplexe Bildungsdienstleistung, die professionstheoretisch als kooperative Verknüpfungsleistung im Mehrebenensystem von Erwachsenenbildung zu konzipieren ist.
The new heavy ion superconducting continuous wave HElmholtz LInear ACcelerator (HELIAC) is under construction at GSI. A normal conducting injector, comprising an ECR ion source, an RFQ and a DTL, is recently in development. The new Interdigital H-mode DTL, presented in this paper, accelerates the heavy ion beam from 300 to 1400 keV/u, applying an Alternating Phase Focusing (APF) beam dynamics scheme. This APF section, consisting of two separately controlled tanks, has to provide for stable routine operation with assistance of dedicated beam diagnostics devices in the Intertank section. The installed quadrupole lenses and beam steerers installed there ensure full transmission in a wide range of input beam parameters.
The upcoming commissioning of the superconducting (SC) continuous wave Helmholtz linear accelerators first of series cryomodule is going to demand precise alignment of the four internal SC cavities and two SC solenoids. For optimal results, a beam-based alignment method is used to reduce the misalignment of the whole cryomodule, as well as its individual components. A symmetric beam of low transverse emittance is required for this method, which is to be formed by a collimation system. It consists of two separate plates with milled slits, aligned in the horizontal and vertical direction. The collimation system and alignment measurements are proposed, investigated, and realized. The complete setup of this system and its integration into the existing environment at the GSI High Charge State Injector are presented, as well as the results of the recent reference measurements.
We report the first measurements of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea), a substitute for ozone depleting compounds, in remote regions of the atmosphere and present evidence for its rapid growth. Observed mixing ratios ranged from below 0.01 ppt in deep firn air to 0.59 ppt in the northern mid-latitudinal upper troposphere. Firn air samples collected in Greenland were used to reconstruct a history of atmospheric abundance. Year-on-year increases were deduced, with acceleration in the growth rate from 0.026 ppt per year in 2000 to 0.057 ppt per year in 2007. Upper tropospheric air samples provide evidence for a continuing growth until late 2009. Fur- thermore we calculated a stratospheric lifetime of 370 years from measurements of air samples collected on board high altitude aircraft and balloons. Emission estimates were determined from the reconstructed atmospheric trend and suggest that current "bottom-up" estimates of global emissions for 2005 are too high by more than a factor of three.
We report the first measurements of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea), a substitute for ozone depleting compounds, in air samples originating from remote regions of the atmosphere and present evidence for its accelerating growth. Observed mixing ratios ranged from below 0.01 ppt in deep firn air to 0.59 ppt in the current northern mid-latitudinal upper troposphere. Firn air samples collected in Greenland were used to reconstruct a history of atmospheric abundance. Year-on-year increases were deduced, with acceleration in the growth rate from 0.029 ppt per year in 2000 to 0.056 ppt per year in 2007. Upper tropospheric air samples provide evidence for a continuing growth until late 2009. Furthermore we calculated a stratospheric lifetime of 370 years from measurements of air samples collected on board high altitude aircraft and balloons. Emission estimates were determined from the reconstructed atmospheric trend and suggest that current "bottom-up" estimates of global emissions for 2005 are too high by a factor of three.
Estimates of the recovery time of stratospheric ozone heavily rely on the exact knowledge of the processes that lead to the decomposition of the relevant halogenated source gases. Crucial parameters in this context are Fractional Release Factors (FRFs) as well as stratospheric lifetimes and Ozone Depletion Potentials (ODPs). We here present data from the analysis of air samples collected between 2009 and 2011 on board research aircraft flying in the mid- and high latitudinal stratosphere and infer the above-mentioned parameters for ten major source gases:CFCl3 (CFC-11), CF2Cl2 (CFC-12), CF2ClCFCl2(CFC-113), CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride),CH3CCl3 (methyl chloroform), CHF2Cl (HCFC-22), CH3CFCl2 (HCFC-141b), CH3CF2Cl (HCFC-142b), CF2ClBr (H-1211), and CF3Br (H-1301). The inferred correlations of their FRFs with mean ages of air reveal less decomposition as compared to previous studies for most compounds. When using the calculated set of FRFs to infer equivalent stratospheric chlorine we find a reduction of more than 20% as compared to the values inferred in the most recent Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO, 2011). We also note that FRFs and their correlations with mean age are not generally time-independent as often assumed. The stratospheric lifetimes were calculated relative to that of CFC-11. Within our uncertainties the inferred ratios between lifetimes agree with those between stratospheric lifetimes from recent WMO reports except for CFC-11, CFC-12 and CH3CCl3. Finally we calculate lower ODPs than WMO for six out of ten compounds with changes most pronounced for the three HCFCs. Collectively these newly calculated values may have important implications for the severity and recovery time of stratospheric ozone loss.
Estimates of the recovery time of stratospheric ozone heavily rely on the exact knowledge of the processes that lead to the decomposition of the relevant halogenated source gases. Crucial parameters in this context are fractional release factors (FRFs) as well as stratospheric lifetimes and ozone depletion potentials (ODPs). We here present data from the analysis of air samples collected between 2009 and 2011 on board research aircraft flying in the mid- and high-latitude stratosphere and infer the above-mentioned parameters for ten major source gases: CFCl3 (CFC-11), CF2Cl2 (CFC-12), CF2ClCFCl2 (CFC-113), CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride), CH3CCl3 (methyl chloroform), CHF2Cl (HCFC-22), CH3CFCl2 (HCFC-141b), CH3CF2Cl (HCFC-142b), CF2ClBr (H-1211), and CF3Br (H-1301). The inferred correlations of their FRFs with mean ages of air reveal less decomposition as compared to previous studies for most compounds. When using the calculated set of FRFs to infer equivalent stratospheric chlorine, we find a reduction of more than 20% as compared to the values inferred in the most recent Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO, 2011). We also note that FRFs and their correlations with mean age are not generally time-independent as often assumed. The stratospheric lifetimes were calculated relative to that of CFC-11. Within our uncertainties the ratios between stratospheric lifetimes inferred here agree with the values in recent WMO reports except for CFC-11, CFC-12 and CH3CCl3. Finally, we calculate lower ODPs than recommended by WMO for six out of ten compounds, with changes most pronounced for the three HCFCs. Collectively these newly calculated values may have important implications for the severity and recovery time of stratospheric ozone loss.
The total stratospheric organic chlorine and bromine burden was derived from balloon-borne measurements in the tropics (Teresina, Brazil, 5°04´ S, 42°52´ W) in 2005. Whole air samples were collected cryogenically at altitudes between 15 and 34 km. For the first time, we report measurements of a set of 28 chlorinated and brominated substances in the tropical upper troposphere and stratosphere including ten substances with an atmospheric lifetime of less than half a year. The substances were quantified using pre-concentration techniques followed by Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometric detection. In the tropical tropopause layer at altitudes between 15 and 17 km we found 1.1–1.4% of the chlorine and 6–8% of the bromine to be present in the form of very short-lived organic compounds. By combining the data with tropospheric reference data and age of air observations the abundances of inorganic chlorine and bromine (Cly and Bry) were derived. At an altitude of 34 km we calculated 3062 ppt of Cly and 17.5 ppt of Bry from the decomposition of both long- and short-lived organic source gases. Furthermore we present indications for the presence of additional organic brominated substances in the tropical upper troposphere and stratosphere.
The total stratospheric organic chlorine and bromine burden was derived from balloon-borne measurements in the tropics (Teresina, Brazil, 5°04´ S, 42°52´ W) in 2005. Whole air samples were collected cryogenically at altitudes between 15 and 34 km. For the first time, we report measurements of a set of 28 chlorinated and brominated substances in the tropical upper troposphere and stratosphere including ten substances with an atmospheric lifetime of less than half a year. The substances were quantified using pre-concentration techniques followed by Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometric detection. In the tropical tropopause layer at altitudes between 15 and 17 km we found 1.1–1.4% of the chlorine and 6–8% of the bromine to be present in the form of very short-lived organic compounds. By combining the data with tropospheric reference data and age of air observations the abundances of inorganic chlorine and bromine (Cly and Bry) were derived. At an altitude of 34 km we calculated 3062 ppt of Cly and 17.5 ppt of Bry from the decomposition of both long- and short-lived organic source gases. Furthermore we present indications for the presence of additional organic brominated substances in the tropical upper troposphere and stratosphere.
Fractional release factors of long-lived halogenated organic compounds in the tropical stratosphere
(2010)
Fractional release factors (FRFs) of organic trace gases are time-independent quantities that influence the calculation of Global Warming Potentials and Ozone Depletion Potentials. We present the first set of vertically resolved FRFs for 15 long-lived halocarbons in the tropical stratosphere up to 34 km altitude. They were calculated from measurements on air samples collected on board balloons and a high altitude aircraft. We compare the derived dependencies of FRFs on the mean stratospheric transit times (the so-called mean ages of air) with similarly derived FRFs originating from measurements at higher latitudes and find significant differences. Moreover a comparison with averaged FRFs currently used by the World Meteorological Organisation revealed the limitations of these measures due to their observed vertical and latitudinal variability. The presented data set could be used to improve future ozone level and climate projections.