Part of a Book
Refine
Year of publication
- 2008 (134) (remove)
Document Type
- Part of a Book (134) (remove)
Has Fulltext
- yes (134)
Keywords
- Germanistik (29)
- Russland (29)
- Jelinek, Elfriede (15)
- Theater (11)
- Deutsch (5)
- Rezeption (5)
- Geschichte (4)
- Kulturwissenschaften (4)
- Literatur (4)
- Phonologie (4)
Institute
- Extern (56)
- Gesellschaftswissenschaften (2)
- Kulturwissenschaften (2)
- Cornelia Goethe Centrum für Frauenstudien und die Erforschung der Geschlechterverhältnisse (CGC) (1)
- Erziehungswissenschaften (1)
- Geographie (1)
- Hessische Stiftung für Friedens- und Konfliktforschung (HSFK) (1)
- Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) Mannheim (1)
- Medizin (1)
- Neuere Philologien (1)
„Great writers,“ those who constitute our canon (at any given moment, one should add warily, since aesthetic canons fluctuate considerably over time), have invariably been the focus of reception studies, partly because they provide the most fertile ground for research, but partly also because literary scholars (and in particular the aspiring doctoral candidate: I myself graduated with an influence /reception study of this kind) need some justification for their endeavors, and what better ticket into the ivory rower - or onto the book market - than the study of the most seminal and widely accepted authors? James Joyce is just such a „great author.“ And „James Joyce and German Literature,“ the subject of this essay, must inevitably result in some form of reception study. But just what form should it take? Within the limited space of one article, it would be impossible to survey in toto Joyce's influence on German literature; that is, the multiple receptions of Joyce by some four or five generations of authors writing in German.
Die folgenden Überlegungen nehmen ihren Ausgang von der in An die Teutschen beispielhaft realisierten Figuration des "Erweckens". Ich verstehe die "Nation" im Sinne zeitgenössischer kulturwissenschaftlicher Ansätze als Konstrukt, das jenen Texten, die von ihm erzählen, keineswegs vorgängig ist, sondern von diesen Texten erst "ins Leben gerufen" wird. Dann aber stellt sich die Frage nach den rhetorischen Mechanismen dieses Vorgangs, nach der Art und Weise, wie Texte die Nation "erwecken".[...] Meine These lautet, dass insbesondere pathetische Artikulationen sich für solche Weckrufe anbieten und maßgeblich an der Erschaffung der Nation beteiligt sind. Der Rückgriff auf Hermann, wie ihn Arndts pathetische Texte beispielhaft vollziehen, ist nur ein Element dieses Verfahrens.
Wissenschaft oder Wahn? : Bemerkungen zur Münchener Dissertation von Josef Mengele aus dem Jahr 1935
(2008)
In dem Beitrag wird die Dissertation analysiert, mit der Josef Mengele in München seinen ersten Doktortitel (Dr. phil.) erlangte. Die Arbeit mit dem Titel "Rassenmorphologische Untersuchung des vorderen Unterkieferabschnittes bei vier rassischen Gruppen" (Betreuer: Prof. Dr. Theodor Mollison) wurde 1935 eingereicht (Rigorosum: 1935) Die Druckfassung erschien 1937.
Ähnlich wie in "Beton" (1982), aber auch in früheren Texten, bildet das Scheitern eines Schreibversuchs den Brennpunkt des Romans "Das Kalkwerk" (1970). In beiden Romanen Thomas Bernhards kann man die wiederkehrende Grundkonstellation finden, in der es der Protagonist nicht schafft, das Werk seines Lebens zu verwirklichen. Der Grundgedanke in "Das Kalkwerk" ist bekannt: der Versuch, eine definitive Studie zu verfassen, die der Protagonist seit langer Zeit angeblich fertig und vollständig im Kopf hat, und die Unfähigkeit, ihren ersten Satz niederschreiben zu können. Seit zwanzig Jahren beschäftigt sich Konrad mit einer wissenschaftlichen und "durch und durch philosophischen Studie" mit dem Titel "Das Gehör" (TBW 3, 19), die von ihm die größte, ja fast unmenschliche Energie fordert. Wie häufig bei Bernhard endet eine solche Anstrengung mit einem Fiasko. In der Unfähigkeit und Unmöglichkeit, das vollkommene Werk zu verwirklichen, fängt Konrad seine Studie immer wieder von Neuem an, in einem unaufhörlichen Experiment bis zum definitiven Scheitern: "Obwohl er die Studie fertig im Kopf habe, denke er, er experimentiere immer weiter, um die Studie […] immer noch weiter zu komplettieren, zu vervollkommnen" (ebd., 100).
Es ist aber gerade ein solches 'Perfektionswollen', das die Niederschrift unmöglich macht. Als typischer Anti-Held Bernhards widmet Konrad seine Existenz sowie die seiner verkrüppelten und seit Jahren an den Rollstuhl gefesselten Frau, die paradoxerweise zugleich seine Halbschwester ist, dem Erstreben eines Sinnes, einer ihn "gänzlich ausfüllende[n] Aufgabe" (ebd., 66), die, gerade weil sie sich als 'die' Aufgabe ausgibt, zum Scheitern verurteilt ist. Die Niederschrift dieser wissenschaftlichen Studie wird von Konrad als eine Lebensnotwendigkeit und als existenzielles Bedürfnis erlebt. Wie er selbst gesteht, erfordert die Schrift über "Das Gehör" seine äußerste Aufopferung, sowie auch die seiner Frau (vgl. ebd., 17; Dusini 1986).
Sguardi al limite : Il tema della soglia nel pensiero letterario di Thomas Bernhard e di Ernst Bloch
(2008)
[...] Nelle riflessioni di Bernhard, come in quelle di Bloch, l'esilità del traciato di confine tra opera ed esistenza contribuisce a determinare profondamente lo statuto stesso della immagine e dello sguardo che la contempla. Di fronte a un'arte che è divenuta terreno incerto, l'occhio dello spettatore non può che muoversi in costante bilico, sull'orlo del precipizio, sulla linea di demarcazione tra il mondo irredento e quel regno outopico che la rappresentazione artistica rivela. Ciò che emerge da entrambe le letture è la consapevolezza della necessità di calarsi nelle crepe e negli abissi della realtà. In fondo questo è uno degli insegnamenti fondamentali di Bloch: è nelle buche e nelle lacune che costellano il terreno dell'esistenza che si annida il possibile sognato. Il confine (lo Zwischenraum) incollocabile, tra vita e arte, deve essere affrontato in tutta la sua problematicità funambolesca, e non tolto per mezzo della creazione di un universo fittizio. La relazione pendolare restituisce il senso della cornice mobile, come consapevolezza della impossibilità di tracciare una fisionomia nitida e definitiva del reale. Sia nella prospettiva di Bemhard sia in quella di Bloch l'immagine che tiene prigionieria l'umanita e l'idea della forma formata, una soluzione definiva posticcia e inautentica. La necessaria contromossa consiste allora nell'affidarsi a uno sguardo inquieto, perché consapevole di un'alterità che sempre sfugge.
It has been established since Kanerva’s work that focus conditions phrasing – directly or indirectly – in several other Bantu languages, e.g. Chimwiini (Kisseberth 2007, Downing 2002, Kisseberth & Abasheikh 2004), Xhosa (Jokweni 1995, Zerbian 2004), Chitumbuka (Downing 2006, 2007), Zulu (Cheng & Downing 2006, Downing 2007), Bemba (Kula 2007), etc.
In this paper, I will argue that focus also conditions phrasing in Shingazidja, a Bantu language3 spoken on Grande Comore (or Ngazidja, the largest island of the Comoros).
Many works have been dedicated to the tonology of Shingazidja. The bases of the system were firstly identified by Tucker & Bryan (1970) and reanalyzed by Philippson (1988). Later, Cassimjee & Kisseberth (1989, 1992, 1993, 1998) provide a very convincing analysis of the whole system of the language, and my own research (Patin 2007a) shows a great correspondence with their results. However, little attention has been paid by these authors or others (Jouannet 1989, Rey 1990, Philippson 2005) to the phonology-pragmatics interface, especially on the relation between focus and phrasing. This paper thus proposes to explore this question. It will be claimed that focus, beside syntax, has an influence on phrasing in Shingazidja.
We present the results of an experimental study which targets prosodic correlates of subclausal quotation marks. We found that written sentences containing passages enclosed by quotation marks were read aloud in a manner that significantly differs in prosody from spoken realizations of corresponding disquoted counterparts. However, we also observed that such prosodic marking of subclausal quotation wasn't strong enough to survive subsequent back-translation into written language: there was no correlation between the presence/absence of quotation marks in the original written examples, and the presence/absence of quotation marks in corresponding back-translations from oral renditions. We investigated three different kinds of uses of quotation marks and found no systematic difference between them with respect to prosodic marking.
Rate effects on aerodynamics of intervocalic stops : evidence from real speech data and model data
(2008)
This paper is a first attempt towards a better understanding of the aerodynamic properties during speech production and their potential control. In recent years, studies on intraoral pressure in speech have been rather rare, and more studies concern the air flow development. However, the intraoral pressure is a crucial factor for analysing the production of various sounds.
In this paper, we focus on the intraoral pressure development during the production of intervocalic stops.
Two experimental methodologies are presented and confronted with each other: real speech data recorded for four German native speakers, and model data, obtained by a mechanical replica which allows reproducing the main physical mechanisms occurring during phonation. The two methods are presented and applied to a study on the influence of speech rate on aerodynamic properties.
The unfolding discussion will focus on the internal representation of turbulent sounds in the phonology of German as well as pinpoint the special status of the prime defining the quality of turbulence. It will also be argued that this prime is capable of entering into special types of licensing relations, which results in specific phonetic manifestations of forms. We shall compare the effects of two processes attested in German: consonant degemination and spirantisation with a view to revealing the role of the turbulence-defining element in the two operations. Furthermore, our attention will be focused on the workings of the Obligatory Contour Principle which, as will be shown below, exerts decisive impact on prime interplay and consequently the phonetic realization of sounds and words. We shall see that segmental identity is contingent on the languagespecific interpretation of inter-element bonds.
Aware of the importance of prime autonomy in determining the manifestation of sounds, let us start with a brief outline of the fundamental segment structure principles offered by the theory of Phonological Government.