Open Access

Petr Pysek, Antoník Pysek

• Die Arbeit vergleicht die Flora von 19 Dörfern Westböhmens mit derjenigen der Stadt Plzen. Zugrunde liegen qualitative und quantitative floristische Angaben zur Artenzusammensetzung insgesamt und teilweise auch im Vergleich einzelner Standorte. Ausgewertet werden weiter Lebensformenspektren, der Anteil der Anthropophyten und mittlere Zeigerwerte nach ELLENBERG. Insgesamt ergeben sich deutliche Unterschiede, teilweise in Übereinstimmung mit Untersuchungen aus anderen Gebieten.
• A comparison in western Bohemia of village ruderal flora with that of an industrial town is presented. The floristic differences between the town of Plzen and 19 village settlements make it possible to specify many species which typically occur on one or another habitat type. Species obviously concentrated either in villages or in the town can be found even among the common ones. Enrichment of village ruderal flora is mostly due to the occurence of species growing in moist, steppe and forest sites. On the other side, better possibilities of immigration in towns results in increased numbers of anthropophytes. Regarding the percentage share of families in the composition of the flora, considerable differences were found between villages and the town (see table 3). Analysis of similarity indices showed that differences among floras of strongly human-influenced areas are most of all due to differences among the most dynamic groups of plants (neophytes, ergasiophygophytes). The percentage of therophytes was higher in Plzen, whereas an increase in geophytes and phanerophytes was recorded in rural habitats (Table 5). In the town of Plzen, the spectrum of life forms remains relatively stable regardless of the habitat type, with the percentage of therophytes slightly increasing from the periphery towards the center of the town. On the contrary, major differences in the composition of life-form spectra can be seen in the village flora according to the habitat type. The considerably higher proportion of anthropophytes recorded in the flora of Plzen (see Table 6) is due to greater environmental pressure by humans and more suitable temperature conditions. An increase in the percentage of anthropophytes was observed along the gradient from rural to urban localities. Among anthropophytes, archaeophytes occur more frequently than neophytes. This trend can be better discovered when quantitative data on species occurence are taken into account. In general, archaeophytes are the group better established in local floras, often being important components of prevailing ruderal communities. Application of ELLENBERG's indicator values showed a higher concentration of nitrophilous and thermophilous species in the flora of Plzen, whereas the hygrophilous and heliophilous species are more typical of village sites.