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Panaeolus punjabensis M. Asif, Q. Firdous, A. Izhar, Niazi & Khalid sp. nov. was collected from three different localities (Bahawalnagar, Kasur, and Lahore) in Punjab, Pakistan. Morphological observations and phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear encoded internal transcribed spacers (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS) and D1/D2 domain of large subunit (28S) rDNA confirmed the taxonomic distinctness of this species. The new species is potentially hallucinogenic and characterized by a parabolic pileus with a light brown center, broadly fusiform basidiospores, presence of cheilocystidia, pileocystidia, and caulocystidia, and absence of pleurocystidia and clamp connections. The DNA sequences of the species clustered together in a well-supported distinct clade. We present a detailed description, photographs, and line drawings, and elucidate and discuss the phylogenetic position of the new species. Morphological comparisons with phylogenetically and morphologically allied species are discussed.
During mycological explorations, a new smooth spored species, Inocybe subhimalayanensis Razzaq, Naseer & Khalid sp. nov. was collected from moist temperate sub-Himalayan region, Pakistan. Phylogeny of ITS and LSU regions of nrDNA, and morphoanatomical data make it distinct from other known species of the genus. The taxon is characterized by: a yellowish orange to brown pileus with prominent fibrillose, prominent umbo; ellipsoid to amygdaliform smooth larger basidiospores (8.4‒)8.6‒12.2(‒12.6) × (4.9‒)5.1‒7.1(‒7.3) µm; and lack of velipellis. Molecular phylogenetic analyses further support the recognition of the new species.
A new lichen species Lecaimmeria pakistanica K.Habib, R.Zulfiqar & Khalid sp. nov. is described and illustrated from rocks in the temperate forests of the Himalaya of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. This species is characterized by its yellow-brown to brown thallus having areoles 0.4 to 1.5 mm across, branched and anastomosing paraphyses, a tall hymenium, large ascospores 20–32 × 10–16 μm, and no substance detected by thin layer chromatography. All other species of the genus have ascospore dimensions in the range of 14–22 × 5–14 μm. A phylogenetic analysis is provided based on ITS nrDNA sequences, and supports the separation of the novel species. Photographs and a comparative analysis with related species of Lecaimmeria are provided to confirm the status of the species.
During exploratory surveys of the fungal diversity in Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad, we collected a new species of the genus Hymenopellis R.H.Petersen. This is the second report of any species of this genus from Pakistan. Hymenopellis areolata F.Razzaq & Khalid sp. nov. is characterized by an areolate pileus, small basidiospores, and transitional pileipellis (hymeniderm and epithelium) with small pileocystidia. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences of nrITS and nrLSU regions, and morphological data support the description of this new species. A comparison with other closely related species confirmed that the newly described species is distinct from others.