Refine
Year of publication
Has Fulltext
- yes (19)
Keywords
- Aedes (1)
- Ambrosia (1)
- Aufklärung (1)
- Belvederischer Torso (1)
- Brinkmann (1)
- Charmonia (1)
- Electron-pion identification (1)
- Fibre/foam sandwich radiator (1)
- Freundschaft (1)
- Geselligkeit (1)
- Gleim (1)
- Heine (1)
- Heinrich (1)
- Ionisation energy loss (1)
- Italien (1)
- Italienbild (1)
- Johann Peter (1)
- Johann Wilhelm Ludwig (1)
- Kanon (1)
- Ludwig (1)
- Multi-wire proportional drift chamber (1)
- Neural network (1)
- Polarization (1)
- RHIC (1)
- Reisegedicht (1)
- Rolf Dieter (1)
- STAR (1)
- Spin alignment (1)
- TR (1)
- Tieck (1)
- Tracking (1)
- Transition radiation detector (1)
- Trigger (1)
- Uz (1)
- Xenon-based gas mixture (1)
- climate change (1)
- dE/dx (1)
- human health (1)
- management (1)
- vector (1)
Institute
- Physik (8)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (6)
- Informatik (6)
- Medizin (6)
- Biochemie und Chemie (1)
The first measurement of ϕ-meson production in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy sNN−−−√ = 5.02 TeV has been performed with the ALICE apparatus at the LHC. The ϕ-mesons have been identified in the dimuon decay channel in the transverse momentum (pT) range 1<pT<7 GeV/c, both in the p-going (2.03<y<3.53) and the Pb-going (−4.46<y<−2.96) directions, where y stands for the rapidity in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass. Differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity are presented. The forward-backward asymmetry for ϕ-meson production is measured for 2.96<|y|<3.53, resulting in a factor ∼0.5 with no significant pT dependence within the uncertainties. The pT dependence of the ϕ nuclear modification factor RpPb exhibits an enhancement up to a factor 1.6 at pT = 3-4 GeV/c in the Pb-going direction. The pT dependence of the ϕ-meson cross section in pp collisions at s√ = 2.76 TeV, which is used to determine a reference for the p-Pb results, is also presented here for 1<pT<5 GeV/c and 2.5<y<4.
We report on results obtained with the Event Shape Engineering technique applied to Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=2.76 TeV. By selecting events in the same centrality interval, but with very different average flow, different initial state conditions can be studied. We find the effect of the event-shape selection on the elliptic flow coefficient v2 to be almost independent of transverse momentum pT, as expected if this effect is due to fluctuations in the initial geometry of the system. Charged hadron, pion, kaon, and proton transverse momentum distributions are found to be harder in events with higher-than-average elliptic flow, indicating an interplay between radial and elliptic flow.
Transverse momentum (pT) spectra of pions, kaons, and protons up to pT=20 GeV/c have been measured in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=2.76 TeV using the ALICE detector for six different centrality classes covering 0-80%. The proton-to-pion and the kaon-to-pion ratios both show a distinct peak at pT≈3 GeV/c in central Pb-Pb collisions that decreases towards more peripheral collisions. For pT>10 GeV/c, the nuclear modification factor is found to be the same for all three particle species in each centrality interval within systematic uncertainties of 10-20%. This suggests there is no direct interplay between the energy loss in the medium and the particle species composition in the hard core of the quenched jet. For pT<10 GeV/c, the data provide important constraints for models aimed at describing the transition from soft to hard physics.
The Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) was designed and built to enhance the capabilities of the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While aimed at providing electron identification and triggering, the TRD also contributes significantly to the track reconstruction and calibration in the central barrel of ALICE. In this paper the design, construction, operation, and performance of this detector are discussed. A pion rejection factor of up to 410 is achieved at a momentum of 1 GeV/c in p-Pb collisions and the resolution at high transverse momentum improves by about 40% when including the TRD information in track reconstruction. The triggering capability is demonstrated both for jet, light nuclei, and electron selection.
The Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) was designed and built to enhance the capabilities of the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While aimed at providing electron identification and triggering, the TRD also contributes significantly to the track reconstruction and calibration in the central barrel of ALICE. In this paper the design, construction, operation, and performance of this detector are discussed. A pion rejection factor of up to 410 is achieved at a momentum of 1 GeV/c in p-Pb collisions and the resolution at high transverse momentum improves by about 40% when including the TRD information in track reconstruction. The triggering capability is demonstrated both for jet, light nuclei, and electron selection.
The Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) was designed and built to enhance the capabilities of the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While aimed at providing electron identification and triggering, the TRD also contributes significantly to the track reconstruction and calibration in the central barrel of ALICE. In this paper the design, construction, operation, and performance of this detector are discussed. A pion rejection factor of up to 410 is achieved at a momentum of 1 GeV/c in p–Pb collisions and the resolution at high transverse momentum improves by about 40% when including the TRD information in track reconstruction. The triggering capability is demonstrated both for jet, light nuclei, and electron selection.
We report on a polarization measurement of inclusive J/ψ mesons in the di-electron decay channel at mid-rapidity at 2 < pT < 6 GeV/c in p + p collisions at √s = 200 GeV. Data were taken with the STAR detector at RHIC. The J/ψ polarization measurement should help to distinguish between different models of the J/ψ production mechanism since they predict different pT dependences of the J/ψ polarization. In this analysis, J/ψ polarization is studied in the helicity frame. The polarization parameter λθ measured at RHIC becomes smaller towards high pT , indicating more longitudinal J/ψ polarization as pT increases. The result is compared with predictions of presently available models.
Die vorliegende Studie versteht sich als ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Kanonbildung, sie führt an eine historische Nahtstelle, an der ein Kanon etabliert, verfestigt und schließlich verändert wird im Laufe von nur wenigen Generationen deutscher Autoren. Es handelt sich um die vielleicht aufregendste Epoche der deutschen Literatur- und Kulturgeschichte: die zweite Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts. Ausgangspunkt für diese Beobachtungen bildet nicht ein Text, sondern ein Werk der antiken Kunst, der Torso vom Belvedere, über dessen Wirkung freilich in Texten reflektiert wird. Der Literaturwissenschaftler neigt professionell dazu, sich einseitig auf den Text zu konzentrieren, aber gerade in der Kanondebatte zeigt es sich, daß gravierende ästhetische Entwicklungen sich nicht nur in einem Medium allein formieren: Kanonforschung ist per se interdisziplinäre Forschung.
Die Tieck-Philologie hat sich nur wenig mit den Reisegedichten beschäftigt. Überhaupt nicht diskutiert wurden für die Reisegedichte, die aus Tagebuchnotizen hervorgegangen sind, Konsequenzen, welche sich aus dieser besonderen Genese für Schreibweise und Textpräsentation ergeben. [...] Gründe für eine Neubesichtigung der Tieckschen Verse sind also reichlich vorhanden. Die Analyse erfolgt in drei Arbeitsschritten: Nach einigen Basisinformationen zur Entstehungs- und Editionsgeschichte der Reisegedichte, die in der Form von zwei Zyklen dem Lesepublikum vorgelegt wurden, soll das Programm der Tieckschen Gelegenheitsdichtung skizziert werden, das der Autor zum Teil selbst im Paratext der Vorrede entwickelt. Es wird zu zeigen sein, in welcher Weise Tieck die antiquierte Form der Casuallyrik modernisiert und dadurch aufnahmefähig für neue Inhalte macht. Der zweite Teil befaßt sich mit dem spezifischen Italienbild, das Tieck in diesen Versen bietet. Es geht um seinen Blick auf das Land, auf dessen Bewohner, Geschichte und Kultur. Was erscheint Tieck berichtenswert, welche Stationen und Situationen werden festgehalten, und in welcher Weise werden Wirklichkeitserfahrungen transformiert in einen poetischen Text. [...] Der dritte Abschnitt widmet sich der Wirkungsgeschichte. Hier ist auf Ludwig Robert, den Bruder von Rahel Varnhagen, und vor allem auf Heinrich Heine einzugehen. Teil der Wirkungsgeschichte ist auch die respektlose Parodie Arnold Ruges in dem gemeinsam mit Theodor Echtermeyer herausgegebenen Manifest Der Protestantismus und die Romantik. Schließen möchte ich mit einigen Überlegungen zur Aktualität Tiecks. Wo liegen die Gründe für das offensichtliche Faszinosum, das für Rolf Dieter Brinkmann von Tiecks Reisegedichten ausgeht? Gibt es noch einen Ludwig Tieck als Anreger der Lyrik der Neuen Subjektivität zu entdecken?
Der Diskurs über die Freundschaft ist im 18. Jahrhundert auf engste verbunden mit dem Diskurs über die Geselligkeit. Diese Debatte wird in fast allen gängigen Textsorten aufklärerischer Prosa geführt: in Traktaten, Briefen, Erzählungen und vor allem in den Beiträgen der überaus beliebten Moralischen Wochenschriften. [...] In den Begriffen Freundschaft und Geselligkeit kristallisieren sich philosophische und sozialethische Leitvorstellungen des 18. Jahrhunderts, die so prägend für das Profil dieser Epoche sind, daß man mit einiger Berechtigung sowohl von einem Saeculum der Freundschaft als auch dem geselligen Jahrhundert gesprochen hat.
Impacts of alien species on human health have recently become a major issue in medical research and invasion ecology, but comprehensive assessments of this subject are largely lacking. Here, we provide a literature review of alien species with public health impacts in Europe based on a systematic search in the Thomson Reuters Web of Science. We detected 77 relevant articles, of which 21 were reviews and 56 were original research articles. The taxonomic focus was on vascular plants (n=31 articles) and dipterans (n=25 articles). The original research articles mainly covered the spread of the study species, while early invasion stages (introduction, establishment) as well as impact and management were less investigated. Alien species of health concern in Europe are mostly introduced as contaminants, and mostly originate from climatically similar regions of the Northern Hemisphere. In those cases (36% of all articles) when information on the trend in range and abundance was provided, this trend was mostly increasing. We detected little information on the severity of the impacts (two articles) and the interaction with climate change (three articles). In 15 original articles (28%) specific management measures were suggested, in only one article the socioeconomic costs were assessed. We conclude that European research on human health impacts of alien species is biased towards few species, and that several important aspects such as early invasion stages, severity of impact and its temporal trends, and the scale of the socioeconomic costs caused are poorly understood. Interdisciplinary projects bridging gaps between ecologists medical researchers, socioeconomists and public health authorities are required to link alien species to severity and trends of impacts, which is a crucial requisite for risk assessment and decision making.
Radiative transition of an excited baryon to a nucleon with emission of a virtual massive photon converting to dielectron pair (Dalitz decays) provides important information about baryon-photon coupling at low q2 in timelike region. A prominent enhancement in the respective electromagnetic transition Form Factors (etFF) at q2 near vector mesons ρ/ω poles has been predicted by various calculations reflecting strong baryon-vector meson couplings. The understanding of these couplings is also of primary importance for the interpretation of the emissivity of QCD matter studied in heavy ion collisions via dilepton emission. Dedicated measurements of baryon Dalitz decays in proton-proton and pion-proton scattering with HADES detector at GSI/FAIR are presented and discussed. The relevance of these studies for the interpretation of results obtained from heavy ion reactions is elucidated on the example of the HADES results.
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a genetically complex mental illness characterized by severe oscillations of mood and behavior. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several risk loci that together account for a small portion of the heritability. To identify additional risk loci, we performed a two-stage meta-analysis of >9 million genetic variants in 9,784 bipolar disorder patients and 30,471 controls, the largest GWAS of BD to date. In this study, to increase power we used ~2,000 lithium-treated cases with a long-term diagnosis of BD from the Consortium on Lithium Genetics, excess controls, and analytic methods optimized for markers on the Xchromosome. In addition to four known loci, results revealed genome-wide significant associations at two novel loci: an intergenic region on 9p21.3 (rs12553324, p = 5.87×10-9; odds ratio = 1.12) and markers within ERBB2 (rs2517959, p = 4.53×10-9; odds ratio = 1.13). No significant X-chromosome associations were detected and X-linked markers explained very little BD heritability. The results add to a growing list of common autosomal variants involved in BD and illustrate the power of comparing well-characterized cases to an excess of controls in GWAS.
Men and women differ substantially regarding height, weight, and body fat. Interestingly, previous work detecting genetic effects for waist-to-hip ratio, to assess body fat distribution, has found that many of these showed sex-differences. However, systematic searches for sex-differences in genetic effects have not yet been conducted. Therefore, we undertook a genome-wide search for sexually dimorphic genetic effects for anthropometric traits including 133,723 individuals in a large meta-analysis and followed promising variants in further 137,052 individuals, including a total of 94 studies. We identified seven loci with significant sex-difference including four previously established (near GRB14/COBLL1, LYPLAL1/SLC30A10, VEGFA, ADAMTS9) and three novel anthropometric trait loci (near MAP3K1, HSD17B4, PPARG), all of which were significant in women, but not in men. Of interest is that sex-difference was only observed for waist phenotypes, but not for height or body-mass-index. We found no evidence for sex-differences with opposite effect direction for men and women. The PPARG locus is of specific interest due to its link to diabetes genetics and therapy. Our findings demonstrate the importance of investigating sex differences, which may lead to a better understanding of disease mechanisms with a potential relevance to treatment options.
Background: Alzheimer's disease is a common debilitating dementia with known heritability, for which 20 late onset susceptibility loci have been identified, but more remain to be discovered. This study sought to identify new susceptibility genes, using an alternative gene-wide analytical approach which tests for patterns of association within genes, in the powerful genome-wide association dataset of the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project Consortium, comprising over 7 m genotypes from 25,580 Alzheimer's cases and 48,466 controls.
Principal findings: In addition to earlier reported genes, we detected genome-wide significant loci on chromosomes 8 (TP53INP1, p = 1.4×10−6) and 14 (IGHV1-67 p = 7.9×10−8) which indexed novel susceptibility loci.
Significance: The additional genes identified in this study, have an array of functions previously implicated in Alzheimer's disease, including aspects of energy metabolism, protein degradation and the immune system and add further weight to these pathways as potential therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease.
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a highly heritable neuropsychiatric disease characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression. BD shows substantial clinical and genetic overlap with other psychiatric disorders, in particular schizophrenia (SCZ). The genes underlying this etiological overlap remain largely unknown. A recent SCZ genome wide association study (GWAS) by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium identified 128 independent genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The present study investigated whether these SCZ-associated SNPs also contribute to BD development through the performance of association testing in a large BD GWAS dataset (9747 patients, 14278 controls). After re-imputation and correction for sample overlap, 22 of 107 investigated SCZ SNPs showed nominal association with BD. The number of shared SCZ-BD SNPs was significantly higher than expected (p = 1.46x10-8). This provides further evidence that SCZ-associated loci contribute to the development of BD. Two SNPs remained significant after Bonferroni correction. The most strongly associated SNP was located near TRANK1, which is a reported genome-wide significant risk gene for BD. Pathway analyses for all shared SCZ-BD SNPs revealed 25 nominally enriched gene-sets, which showed partial overlap in terms of the underlying genes. The enriched gene-sets included calcium- and glutamate signaling, neuropathic pain signaling in dorsal horn neurons, and calmodulin binding. The present data provide further insights into shared risk loci and disease-associated pathways for BD and SCZ. This may suggest new research directions for the treatment and prevention of these two major psychiatric disorders.
A wide variety of enzymatic pathways that produce specialized metabolites in bacteria, fungi and plants are known to be encoded in biosynthetic gene clusters. Information about these clusters, pathways and metabolites is currently dispersed throughout the literature, making it difficult to exploit. To facilitate consistent and systematic deposition and retrieval of data on biosynthetic gene clusters, we propose the Minimum Information about a Biosynthetic Gene cluster (MIBiG) data standard.